1,779 research outputs found
Fluctuation theorem for entropy production during effusion of a relativistic ideal gas
The probability distribution of the entropy production for the effusion of a
relativistic ideal gas is calculated explicitly. This result is then extended
to include particle and anti-particle pair production and annihilation. In both
cases, the fluctuation theorem is verified.Comment: 6 pages, no figure
Noise-Driven Mechanism for Pattern Formation
We extend the mechanism for noise-induced phase transitions proposed by
Ibanes et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 020601-1 (2001)] to pattern formation
phenomena. In contrast with known mechanisms for pure noise-induced pattern
formation, this mechanism is not driven by a short-time instability amplified
by collective effects. The phenomenon is analyzed by means of a modulated mean
field approximation and numerical simulations
Critical Behaviour of Non-Equilibrium Phase Transitions to Magnetically Ordered States
We describe non-equilibrium phase transitions in arrays of dynamical systems
with cubic nonlinearity driven by multiplicative Gaussian white noise.
Depending on the sign of the spatial coupling we observe transitions to
ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic ordered states. We discuss the phase
diagram, the order of the transitions, and the critical behaviour. For global
coupling we show analytically that the critical exponent of the magnetization
exhibits a transition from the value 1/2 to a non-universal behaviour depending
on the ratio of noise strength to the magnitude of the spatial coupling.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Understanding students’ instrumental goals, motivation deficits and achievement: Through the Lens of a Latent Profile Analysis
Building on the future oriented and regulated nature of instrumental goals, Lens and colleagues developed a 2 (proximal-distal) x 2 (internal-external) motivational framework. The current study aimed to test this framework from a person-centred perspective, while equally taking into account students’ lack of motivation as to extend the empirical and theoretical borders of the model. Latent Profile Analyses were used to test the viability of two to five motivational profiles among Japanese second-year students (N = 781). A solution with three latent subgroups fitted the sample best, explaining 6% to 62% of the variance in the measured variables. The profiles were labelled “low future oriented motivational profile”, “average motivated profile”, and “highly motivated profile”. The highly motivated subgroup reported the most adaptive pattern of motivation and highest levels of deep level learning, while few differences were found for surface learning and GPA. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.published_or_final_versio
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