18,901 research outputs found
Bipolar Lawson Tau-Surfaces and Generalized Lawson Tau-Surfaces
Recently Penskoi [J. Geom. Anal. 25 (2015), 2645-2666, arXiv:1308.1628]
generalized the well known two-parametric family of Lawson tau-surfaces
minimally immersed in spheres to a three-parametric family
of tori and Klein bottles minimally immersed in spheres. It was
remarked that this family includes surfaces carrying all extremal metrics for
the first non-trivial eigenvalue of the Laplace-Beltrami operator on the torus
and on the Klein bottle: the Clifford torus, the equilateral torus and
surprisingly the bipolar Lawson Klein bottle . In the
present paper we show in Theorem 1 that this three-parametric family
includes in fact all bipolar Lawson tau-surfaces
. In Theorem 3 we show that no metric on generalized Lawson
surfaces is maximal except for and the equilateral torus.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1308.1628 by other author
Signal ratio system utilizing voltage controlled oscillators Patent
Voltage controlled oscillators and pulse amplitude modulation for signal ratio syste
Radiative Transfer Along Rays in Curved Spacetimes
Radiative transfer in curved spacetimes has become increasingly important to
understanding high-energy astrophysical phenomena and testing general
relativity in the strong field limit. The equations of radiative transfer are
physically equivalent to the Boltzmann equation, where the latter has the
virtue of being covariant. We show that by a judicious choice of the basis of
the phase space, it is generally possible to make the momentum derivatives in
the Boltzmann equation vanish along an arbitrary (including nongeodesic) path,
thus reducing the problem of radiative transfer along a ray to a path integral
in coordinate space.Comment: To be published in MNRAS Letter
An interferometer tracking radar system
Fine tuning acquisition and tracking interferometer radar system uses a first antenna array of at least three receiving antennas. Array includes a reference antenna, a coarse tuning antenna, and a fine tuning antenna aligned on a receiving axis. Short range rendezvous system provides increased position accuracy
Ni-cd Battery Life Expectancy in Geosynchronous Orbit
The feasibility of using nickel cadmium batteries as an alternate if flight qualified NiH2 batteries are not available is explored. Battery life expectancy data being a key element of power system design, an attempt is made to review the literature, life test data and in orbit performance data to develop an up to date estimate of life expectancy for NiCd batteries in a geosynchronous orbit
Band engineering in dilute nitride and bismide semiconductor lasers
Highly mismatched semiconductor alloys such as GaNAs and GaBiAs have several
novel electronic properties, including a rapid reduction in energy gap with
increasing x and also, for GaBiAs, a strong increase in spin orbit- splitting
energy with increasing Bi composition. We review here the electronic structure
of such alloys and their consequences for ideal lasers. We then describe the
substantial progress made in the demonstration of actual GaInNAs telecomm
lasers. These have characteristics comparable to conventional InP-based
devices. This includes a strong Auger contribution to the threshold current. We
show, however, that the large spin-orbit-splitting energy in GaBiAs and GaBiNAs
could lead to the suppression of the dominant Auger recombination loss
mechanism, finally opening the route to efficient temperature-stable telecomm
and longer wavelength lasers with significantly reduced power consumption.Comment: 27 pages, 11 figure
Frequency-Dependent Shift in the Image Centroid of the Black Hole at the Galactic Center as a Test of General Relativity
The inferred black hole in the Galactic center spans the largest angle on the
sky among all known black holes. Forthcoming observational programs plan to
localize or potentially resolve the image of Sgr A* to an exquisite precision,
comparable to the scale of the black hole horizon. Here we show that the
location of the image centroid of Sgr A* should depend on observing frequency
because of relativistic and radiative transfer effects. The same effects
introduce a generic dependence of the source polarization on frequency. Future
detection of the predicted centroid shift and the polarization dependence on
frequency can be used to determine the unknown black hole spin and verify the
validity of General Relativity.Comment: Submitted to ApJ Letter
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