Comparison of the Lens Protein Profiles of Three Species of Ozark Salamanders

The vertebrate lens has a high protein content (35%), 80-90% of which is composed of the soluble, lens-specific structural proteins, the crystallins. The lens protein profiles of urodelan species have been found to be qualitatively distinct. On this basis the lens proteins have been proposed as a measure of true speciation in urodelans. This paper is the result of our effort to derive a technique for comparison of lens protein profiles on a purely qualitative basis without utilizing the complex methodology employed by previous workers. With this object in mind, the lens protein profiles of Plethodon glutinosus, Ambystoma annulatum, and Ambystoma maculatum were studied to determine the degree of difference actually observable on a purely qualitative basis, and thus the applicability of this technique to urodelan taxonomy. Definite observable differences were found in the lens protein profiles of all species; thus confirming the potential value of this technique to urodelan taxonomy

Lies and Legality: Evaluating the Legislation’s Role in Monitoring Campaign Truthfulness

Given the gravity of a campaign to be elected to the highest office of what could conservatively be called a major international power, one might be tempted think that apparent perfidy would be a serious, and perhaps even criminal, charge. After all, these are men and women going out in front of every camera in the country and asking its people to consign their trust to them with their vote; doing so under false pretenses and misrepresentations seems to transcend the boundaries of the merely unsavory into the unconscionable. However, in reality, the inverse of that assertion actually carries the day in America – political candidates are afforded almost unfettered leeway to publicly lie during the course of elections, and usually with impunity

The educational program of the Civilian Conservation Corps

Federal participation in American public school education began with the public school land grants of 1785. The succeeding years saw many extensions of federal aid to education, e.g., research conferences with state and local edu- cation officials with the purpose of bringing to their attention the problems of youth and to plan attacks on these problems, and publishing and distributing reports of educational accomplishments of states and localities. But, throughout this period, extending until 1933, the central government\u27s relation to education was clear. Public education was regarded as a state prerogative. What broad controls the Federal Government exercised over certain of its funds were invariably channeled through state educational agencies. However, this traditional concept of the Federal Government\u27s role in public education underwent a marked change, beginning in 1933 and lasting until 1943. It is the purpose of this study to present a broad survey of the growth and development of the Civilian Conservation Corps educational program; the extent of co-operation between federal and state educational officials; vocational placement of enrollees; and the nature of the guidance and counseling techniques employed by Civilian Conservation Corps education officials to dis­ cover the educational and vocational needs and abilities of enrollees in order to develop an educational program around these needs

Resilience And Academic Achievement In Minority Students

Students can thrive within school programs and sustain their capacity for success despite seemingly overwhelming obstacles. A model of school-based resilience can insulate students from risk and help students acknowledge challenges, embrace them, and learn as students encounter challenge and surmount it. This study of a high school program analyzed the relationship between educational resilience and academic achievement through a direct measure of resilience. The research investigated whether a program increased resilience for minority and low-income high school students and whether stronger resilience was associated with improved academic outcomes. Students in the program produced significantly better academic outcomes, as measured by their improvement in the ACT Educational Planning and Assessment System (EPAS) and Advanced Placement course enrollment. The resilience for students in the study did not improve to a statistically significant level as measured by the Resilience and Youth Development Module. In addition, the study did not find a statistically significant relationship between resilience and the academic indicators. The study’s findings contribute to the growing body of research on the complex nature of resilience for individuals and helps to hone in on resilience as an operational construct for school systems. While this study could not tie student achievement directly to an academic resilience measure, the research laid a path for future studies. An instrument that can differentiate students in terms of school-based resilience would aid the study of how resilience can improve student achievement. The research magnified the need for an educational resilience measure and a mixed methods approach to school-based resilience research. KEYWORDS: resilience; achievement; minority students; low-income students; high school; secondary education; educational resilience; academic resilienc

Lies and Legality: Evaluating Legislation\u27s Role in Monitoring Campaign Truthfulness

Given the gravity of a campaign to be elected to the highest office of what could conservatively be called a major international power, one might be tempted think that apparent perfidy would be a serious, and perhaps even criminal, charge. After all, these are men and women going out in front of every camera in the country and asking its people to consign their trust to them with their vote; doing so under false pretenses and misrepresentations seems to transcend the boundaries of the merely unsavory into the unconscionable. However, in reality, the inverse of that assertion actually carries the day in America – political candidates are afforded almost unfettered leeway to publicly lie during the course of elections, and usually with impunity

HETEROGENEITY OF THE EFFECTOR CELLS IN THE CYTOTOXIC REACTION AGAINST ALLOGENEIC LYMPHOMA CELLS

The cytotoxic effect of spleen cells from H-2 allogeneic mice was tested in vitro against an A strain leukemia (YAC) labeled with [125I]iododeoxyuridine. After the mice were primed with tumor cells, significant and specific H-2 immunity was detected on day 3 and peak cytotoxicity was observed between 7 and 14 days after priming. Two effector cells appear to be involved in the host response, because spleens taken from mice soon after priming were not sensitive to antitheta sera and complement while those taken during the peak stages of the response showed a marked reduction in cytotoxicity after treatment. Macrophages were not involved, since removal of these cells by the carbonyl iron method did not result in any reduction in cytotoxicity. Immune serum that was capable of inducing cell-mediated cytotoxicity in normal spleen cell populations also augmented cytotoxicity of spleen cells taken from mice primed 3 days previously. However, when spleen cells were taken from mice during the peak phase of the immune response, the same serum at the same dilutions inhibited the preexisting cytotoxicity. A difference was also detected in the killing efficiencies between early and late immune cells