On the eikonal approach to nuclear diffraction dissociation

The study of nuclear breakup of halo and weakly bound particles has been one of the key ingredients in the understanding of exotic nuclei during the last thirty years. One of the most used methods to analyse data, in particular absolute breakup cross sections, has been the eikonal approximation. Here we revise critically the formalisms used for calculating the diffraction dissociation part of nuclear breakup and show that there is a formula that can be applied to breakup on any target, while a most commonly used formula must be restricted to light targets as it contains also the effect of Coulomb breakup calculated to first order in the sudden approximation which is well known for not being accurate.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figur

Immaturity, Normative Competence, and Juvenile Transfer: How (Not) to Punish Minors for Major Crimes

This essay critically examines the national trend to get tough on juvenile crime by making it easier to transfer juvenile offenders to adult criminal court. It assesses this trend in light of different rationales for punishment, arguing that immaturity provides retributive, deterrent, and corrective reasons to punish juvenile crime differently than otherwise similar adult crime. Insofar as retributive concepts determine whom to punish and how much to punish, it is especially important that immaturity involves diminished normative competence and, hence, diminished responsibility. In defending a traditional approach to juvenile criminal justice against the reforms embodied in the transfer trend, the essay critically considers an alternative proposal that abolishes the juvenile court and requires a unitary system of criminal justice but treats immaturity as a mitigating factor at sentencing. Though it appears to be a more radical reform, this proposal accepts the traditional idea, rejected in the transfer trend, that immaturity implies differential desert and punishment. Despite the appeal of this non-traditional proposal for accommodating immaturity, it is rejected for sacrificing the demands of individualized justice

Effective Use of Formative Assessment by High School Teachers

The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to gain insights and understandings of high school teachers’ perceptions and use of formative assessment to enhance their planning, individualization of instruction, and adjustment of course content to improve student learning. The study was conducted over two years in a midwestern high school of approximately 1,000 students. Crucial to the three project teachers’ understanding of formative assessment was developing and using preset curriculum road maps that tightly aligned course goals, learning objectives, activities, instructional methods, and assessment. The in-depth case studies of the sample’s three teachers revealed that, when provided with specific information about formative assessment through staff development, they became more positive toward such assessment, and their implementation skills were greatly improved. The staff development had an especially positive impact on the teachers’ understanding and skill sets for individualizing instructional practices. The personalization of the staff development proved to be the most beneficial when it tailored the content to the varying levels of initial proficiency of the three sample teachers. Support for formative assessment by the administrative team members was essential to creating a cultural shift from summative to formative assessment. Accessed 5,436 times on https://pareonline.net from October 06, 2017 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right

Programs for computing properties of coastal-trapped waves and wind-driven motions over the continental shelf and slope

2nd ed.Documentation and listings are presented for a sequence of computer programs to be used for problems in continental shelf dynamics. Three of the programs are to be used for computing properties of free and forced coastal-trapped waves. A final program may be used to compute wind-driven fluctuations over the continental shelf and slope. This second edition includes several minor revisions and corrections in the computer code and the documentation.Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under Grant OCE-0856

Programs for computing properties of coastal-trapped waves and wind-driven motions over the continental shelf and slope

Documentation and listings are presented for a sequence of computer programs to be used for problems in continental shelf dynamics. Three of the programs are to be used for computing properties of free and forced coastal-trapped waves. A final program may be used to compute wind-driven fluctuations over the continental shelf and slope.Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under grant Number OCE 84-08563

Steigende Fallzahlen in der Sozialhilfe und Einschränkungen im Kindesschutz : wie Sozialdienste in der Deutschschweiz von der Corona-Krise betroffen sind

Auswirkungen der Corona-KriseDie hier vorgestellte Befragungsstudie beleuchtet, in welchem Ausmass Sozialdienste in der deutschsprachigen Schweiz sowie die von ihnen unterstützten Menschen durch die Corona-Krise betroffen sind. Auch wird thematisiert, wie die Dienste auf diese Herausforderungen reagieren. Betrachtet werden die wirtschaftliche und persönliche Sozialhilfe sowie der Kindesschutz. Methodisch beruht die Studie auf einer geschichteten Zufallsstichprobe von 169 Fachpersonen, die ihren Dienst mehrheitlich in leitender oder fallführender Funktion vertreten. Vertreten sind alle fünf deutschsprachigen Grossregionen der Schweiz