2,037 research outputs found
The role of financial intermediaries in U.S. capital markets
Capital market ; Financial institutions
Reversibility Checking for Markov Chains
In this paper, we present reversibility preserving operations on Markov chain
transition matrices. Simple row and column operations allow us to create new
reversible transition matrices and yield an easy method for checking a Markov
chain for reversibility
Charge Order Superstructure with Integer Iron Valence in Fe2OBO3
Solution-grown single crystals of Fe2OBO3 were characterized by specific
heat, Mossbauer spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction. A peak in the specific
heat at 340 K indicates the onset of charge order. Evidence for a doubling of
the unit cell at low temperature is presented. Combining structural refinement
of diffraction data and Mossbauer spectra, domains with diagonal charge order
are established. Bond-valence-sum analysis indicates integer valence states of
the Fe ions in the charge ordered phase, suggesting Fe2OBO3 is the clearest
example of ionic charge order so far.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures. Fig. 3 is available in higher resolution from the
authors. PRL in prin
Coupling of the lattice and superlattice deformations and hysteresis in thermal expansion for the quasi one-dimensional conductor TaS
An original interferometer-based setup for measurements of length of
needle-like samples is developed, and thermal expansion of o-TaS crystals
is studied. Below the Peierls transition the temperature hysteresis of length
is observed, the width of the hysteresis loop being up to . The behavior of the loop is anomalous: the length changes so
that it is in front of its equilibrium value. The hysteresis loop couples with
that of conductivity. The sign and the value of the length hysteresis are
consistent with the strain dependence of the charge-density waves (CDW) wave
vector. With lowering temperature down to 100 K the CDW elastic modulus grows
achieving a value comparable with the lattice Young modulus. Our results could
be helpful in consideration of different systems with intrinsic
superstructures.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. Phys. Rev. Lett., accepted for publicatio
Symmetry and dimension of the magnon dispersion of inorganic spin-Peierls systems
The data on the dispersion of the magnetic excitations of CuGeO_3 in the
spin-Peierls dimerized phase are analyzed. On the basis of the lattice
structure it is shown that even along the chains the character cannot be
neglected. The symmetry of the dispersion differs from the one assumed so far.
The magnetic resonance data is reinterpreted. The possibility of interchain
rather than intrachain frustration is discussed.Comment: 4 pages, Revtex, to appear in PR
Estimates of the total gravitation radiation in the head-on black hole collision
We report on calculations of the total gravitational energy radiated in the
head-on black hole collision, where we use the geometry of the
Robinson-Trautman metrics.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX2
Curvature tensors on distorted Killing horizons and their algebraic classification
We consider generic static spacetimes with Killing horizons and study
properties of curvature tensors in the horizon limit. It is determined that the
Weyl, Ricci, Riemann and Einstein tensors are algebraically special and
mutually aligned on the horizon. It is also pointed out that results obtained
in the tetrad adjusted to a static observer in general differ from those
obtained in a free-falling frame. This is connected to the fact that a static
observer becomes null on the horizon.
It is also shown that finiteness of the Kretschmann scalar on the horizon is
compatible with the divergence of the Weyl component or
in the freely falling frame. Furthermore finiteness of is compatible
with divergence of curvature invariants constructed from second derivatives of
the Riemann tensor.
We call the objects with finite Krestschmann scalar but infinite
``truly naked black holes''. In the (ultra)extremal versions of these objects
the structure of the Einstein tensor on the horizon changes due to extra terms
as compared to the usual horizons, the null energy condition being violated at
some portions of the horizon surface. The demand to rule out such divergencies
leads to the constancy of the factor that governs the leading term in the
asymptotics of the lapse function and in this sense represents a formal analog
of the zeroth law of mechanics of non-extremal black holes. In doing so, all
extra terms in the Einstein tensor automatically vanish.Comment: 21 pages, To appear in Class. Quant. Gra
Submillimeter Wave ESR Study of Spin Gap Excitations in CuGeO3
Transitions between the ground singlet state to the excited triplet state has
been observed in CuGeO3 by means of submillimeter wave electron spin resonance.
The strong absorption intensity shows the break down of the selection rule. The
energy gap at zero field is evaluated to be 570 GHz(2.36 meV) and this value is
nearly identical to the gap at the zone center observed by inelastic neutron
scattering. The absorption intensity shows strong field orientation dependence
but shows no significant dependence on magnetic field intensity. These features
have been explained by considering the existence of Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya (DM)
antisymmetric exchange interaction. The doping effect on this singlet-triplet
excitation has been also studied. A drastic broadening of the absorption line
is observed by the doping of only 0.5 % of Si.Comment: 6 pages, 8figures submitted to J. Phys. Soc. Jp
Dynamics in the dimerised and high field incommensurate phase of CuGeO
Temperature (\ K) and magnetic field (\ T) dependent far
infrared absorption spectroscopy on the spin-Peierls coumpound CuGeO\ has
revealed several new absorption processes in both the dimerised and high field
phase of CuGeO. These results are discussed in terms of the modulation of
the CuGeO\ structure. At low fields this is the well known spin-Peierls
dimerisation. At high fields the data strongly suggests a field dependent
incommensurate modulation of the lattice as well as of the spin structure.Comment: 12 pages (revtex), 2 figures (eps), csh selfextracting .uu file, To
appear in PRB-Rapid Com
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