Luncheon

“Drive To 48

We\u27re Not in Beersheba Anymore: Discussing Contemporary Challenges in the Law of Armed Conflict with 120 International Lawyers

This first-hand account encapsulates the nature of the Battle of Beersheba. It saw uniformed soldiers fight other uniformed soldiers from an organized and hierarchical military. The battle took place in the open terrain of the desert. There was a clear frontline, entirely separate from the civilian life in the nearby town of Beersheba. The battle, and the wider war of which it was a part, was clearly delineated in its start and end. The Battle of Beersheba enabled the Allied forces to break the Ottoman line and advance northwards, eventually beating out the Ottoman Empire and permanently changing the geopolitical landscape of the region. Now, just over one hundred years later, warfare is very different. Naturally, technology has changed, but so has so much else. Many conflicts today endure for over a decade, with punctuated bouts of intensive hostilities

A Practical Perspective on Attacking Armed Groups

In this Article, I will describe the three questions I ask and highlight some of the practical problems that can arise when we answer each of the three questions. After that, I will move on to a discussion of how organized armed groups are treated under the LOAC, and how that treatment is--and should remain--different from how civilians are treated when they directly participate in hostilities. I consider this distinction to be the most important part of the discussion about targeting persons in today\u27s conflicts, but I note that this key concept is sometimes misunderstood or misapplied, so it plays a prominent role in my presentation

Transforming the Force: The 11th Air Assault Division (Test) from 1963 to 1965

This monograph will answer the question: Can the U.S. Army apply to the current “prototype brigade” the lessons that were learned during the development and experimentation of the 11th Air Assault Division (Test)? Having established that the criteria of DTLOMS is a valuable tool for evaluating change in military systems, the next step is to apply those criteria to evaluate the changes that occurred in the formation of the 11th Air Assault Division (Test) from 1963 to 1965. In order to accomplish this, a study of the separate elements of DTLOMS will be conducted in order to determine how the 11th Air Assault Division reorganized itself and conducted operations during that period. The benchmark for studying the elements of DTLOMS will be the use of air mobility during the Ia Drang campaign of November 1965. Specifically, this monograph will attempt to answer the following six questions: 1. How did the division develop doctrine to support the transition to airmobile warfare? 2. How did the division determine the proper organization to facilitate warfighting with the airmobile division? 3. How did the division train leaders to support the new doctrine and organization? 4. How did the division conduct field training to certify its soldiers and units in the new tactics? 5. Did building a new force require any specific soldier skills; and if so, how were those skills cultivated? 6. How did the division adopt and recommend changes to material and equipment to support the new methods of fighting? Each of these questions addresses one aspect of the DTLOMS and will be used to measure change in the 11th Air Assault (Test) Division from the beginning in 1963 to the redesignation to the 1st Cavalry Division in 1965. Finally, this study will synthesize these changes and determine which lessons learned can be applied to ongoing experimentation in the U.S. Army of the 21st century.https://press.armywarcollege.edu/monographs/1411/thumbnail.jp

Deterrence in the Nordic-Baltic Region: The Role of the Nordic Countries Together With the U.S. Army

With enhanced cooperation from the U.S. Army, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization’s Nordic partner nations could combine efforts with each other and with the Alliance to deliver effective and visible regional deterrence against a resurgent Russia in the Nordic-Baltic region. This monograph by two leading Finnish defense academics explores the regional defense environment and optimum roles for the United States.https://press.armywarcollege.edu/monographs/1373/thumbnail.jp

Human rights violations in the Zambian mining sector

This dissertation is a legal analysis of the violations of human rights in the Zambian mining sector. The study provides a brief background to the mining sector in Zambia, the facts of several past and ongoing cases related to the human rights violations in the Zambia mining sector, summaries of domestic, regional and international human rights law applicable to the Zambian mining sector and then applies the legal framework to the facts of past of and ongoing cases relating to violations of human rights in the Zambian mining sector. The study thus aims to discuss the effectiveness of the Zambian legal framework in addressing human rights violations in the mining sector. In doing so, it aims at establishing whether the Zambian legal framework, in practice, is reducing and mitigating the negative impacts of the mining sector on human. The study will inform the government, regulatory institutions, mining companies, and grievance mechanisms of what is expected of them under the existing regulatory framework, including regional and international standards and also empower affected communities on when and how to seek a remedy . By employing a desktop-based research methodology, the study analyses reported incidences of human rights violations in the mining sector in the light of existing legal framework. It also analyse issues around the enforcement of existing legal frameworks and some gaps and inconsistencies between Zamia domestic legal frameworks and regional and international instruments to which Zambia is a party. The reveals that there are persistent incidences and cases of violations of human rights in the mining sector which include, air, water, and soil pollution, land degradation, and the displacement of rural communities without consultation and fair compensation. Besides, mining workers are subjected to poor and unsafe working conditions and standard and the use of excessive force by both public and private security forces. The study also reveals that Zambia has laws and regulations aimed at minimizing the negative impacts of mining operations on human rights and ratifying several international and regional human rights instruments. While the law provides protections of human rights, there is a chronic lack of enforcement of the law and underfunding of most of the major regulatory bodies. The majority of victims are poor and unable to access justice without the provision of meaningful legal aid. In addition, there are fairly large gaps between the existing law regional and international law. The Zambian legal framework lacks concrete requirements for consultations with and participation of local communities. Therefore, the Zambian legal framework is ineffective in addressing human rights violation in the mining sector.Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2018.Public LawLLMUnrestricte

Lawrence O’B. Branch letter in which he discusses military intelligence and notes his confidence of defending his current position. January 22, 1862; New Bern, N.C.

Branch led the forces at the subsequent Battle of New Bern. In this letter he writes I feel a conviction that if the enemy shall come up hence, I will beat him off. Branch also mentions the comings and going of two or three officers.https://digitalcommons.wofford.edu/littlejohnmss/1219/thumbnail.jp

Provincial Autonomy under the 18th Amendment in the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan

The 18th amendment is a landmark achievement in the history of Pakistan, representing a major shift towards greater provincial autonomy and a stronger parliamentary system. The Eighteenth Amendment, which had a significant impact on Pakistan's constitutional history, was a big step towards giving the provinces full legislative, administrative, and financial autonomy. The amendment has enhanced the legislative authority of the provincial assembly on economic issues, including taxation and foreign borrowing. It has also given provinces ownership and participation in the administration of natural resources, in addition to policymaking. The rights of the nation are effectively protected by Pakistan's Eighteenth Amendment, which also grants sovereignty to the provinces. The goal of the study is to analyze the reasons behind the important amendments made to Pakistan's 1973 constitution (18th Amendment) in 2010, which had a significant impact on provincial autonomy in the country. Keywords: Devolution, Autonomy, Provincial autonomy, Concurrent list, Constitutio