Globalisation and maritime transportation: Competition, uncertainty and implications for port development strategy

The maritime industry is in a period of unprecedented change. Around the world, and in every sector radically new forces are requiring adjustments and adaptations. Ports are particularly vulnerable because, as intermediaries in complex transport chains, they are exposed to the full force of developments on both land and water spheres. This paper explores the challenges confronting seaports in this environment. An overview of the major systemic changes themselves is given, as a backdrop to evaluating how ports are impacted. While the conclusion is drawn that ports have lost the means to influence events to the degree they used to, and are being forced to react to changes, a variety of issues are presented that suggest that there are opportunities for port authorities to intervene and better control the future. These are opportunities, however, that require reappraisal of the role of ports in logistical chains on land and water

Port Service Industries : the case of Montreal

Les ports engendrent des bénéfices substantiels pour les économies locales. La plupart des villes portuaires ont développé un secteur tertiaire relié aux industries portuaires dont on méconnaît encore cependant la nature, l'envergure et l'implantation géographique. La présente étude vise à décrire le caractère et l'évolution de l'industrie portuaire de la ville de Montréal. L'auteur y analyse les facteurs géographiques qui déterminent un vaste éventail d'activités maritimes et évoque les nouveaux schèmes résultant de l'évolution des techniques d'expédition et des modèles urbains.Ports generate significant benefits to local economies. Most major port cities have an important tertiary sector of port service industries. The nature, scale and geographical location of this industry is poorly understood however. This study describes the character and evolution of Montreal's port service industry. It analyses the locational determinants of a wide range of activities that are marine related, and discusses the patterns that are evolving as a result of developments in shipping technology and changing urban patterns

Le rôle et la fonction des ports de petite et moyenne taille dans le système Saint-Laurent

Les études des grands ports dominent la recherche sur le transport maritime. Les ports de petite et moyenne taille sont généralement ignorés ou analysés de façon marginale. Cet article tente de corriger cette lacune. Les pages qui suivent reposent sur une recherche entreprise sur les ports du Québec. Nous analysons la contribution de 28 ports de petite et moyenne taille au commerce maritime du Québec. Nous explorons ensuite les diverses contributions qu'ils offrent à cette activité en identifiant nombre d'importantes fonctions qu'ils occupent. L'article discute enfin certaines des implications liées aux rôles que jouent ces ports sur le plan de leurs contributions aux économies locales et régionales, de leurs besoins en équipements et de leur juridiction administrative.Studies of large ports dominate research in maritime transportation. The small and medium size ports are usually ignored or are dealt with only in passing. This paper attempts to redress the imbalance. It draws upon research being carried out on Québec's ports. We analyse the contribution of 28 small and medium size ports to the maritime trade of Québec. We then explore the diverse contributions they make to this activity, identifying a number of important functional niches they occupy. The paper goes on to discuss some of the implications of the roles played by the ports in terms of their contributions to local and regional economies, facilities requirements, and administrative jurisdiction

Les considérations portuaires dans la planification régionale du Québec

Cet article analyse l'importance accordée aux ports de petite et moyenne taille par les représentants des municipalités régionales de comté. Les 43 schémas d'aménagement des MRC riveraines du Saint-Laurent, du Saguenay et de la baie des Chaleurs furent soumis à l'analyse de contenu. Cette démarche permet d'évaluer l'importance du transport maritime au Québec et plus particulièrement le rôle des ports de petite et moyenne taille dans la planification régionale québécoise sous cinq volets reliés aux activités portuaires : position du port, juridiction des infrastructures portuaires, trafic maritime, liens intermodaux, activités économiques et utilisation du sol.This article analyzes the importance given to small and medium size ports by authorities of the regional county municipalities. The 43 planning schemes of the regional county municipalities bordering the St. Lawrence River, the Saguenay River and the Chaleur Bay were submitted to a content analysis. This approach allows an evaluation of the importance of maritime transport in Québec and more particularly of the role of small and medium size ports in Québec's regional planning under five themes related to port activities : the position of ports, the jurisdiction of port infrastructures, the maritime traffic, the intermodal links, the economic activities and land use

Les ports et le jeu des marchés

Au début des années 1990 j’ai publié un article qui a été abondamment cité. J’émettais l’hypothèse que la conteneurisation détruisait le concept d’arrière-pays naturel sur lequel un port capturait l’essentiel de son trafic. Les arrière-pays étaient devenus des destinations compétitives et la capacité des administrations portuaires de résister aux pressions concurrentielles s’était affaiblie. J’ai tenté d’évaluer dans quelle mesure les ports sont des pions dans le secteur du transport des conteneurs. À l’évidence, les changements qui sont survenus dans le transport conteneurisé depuis 25 ans sont considérables: changement dans la gouvernance portuaire, domination des opérateurs de terminaux globaux, concentration accrue de la propriété des lignes maritimes, émergence de ports secs. Ces tendances ont eu tendance à affaiblir davantage l’indépendance des administrations portuaires en tant qu’agents capables de façonner les flux conteneurisés. Aujourd’hui cependant, un certain nombre de nouveaux problèmes affectent les ports, tels que la législation environnementale et l’acceptabilité sociale. Dans cette communication je démontre que ces défis non-économiques ne peuvent être adressés que par les administrations portuaires. Les ports qui seront en mesure de relever ces défis seront les éléments les plus puissants du jeu des marchés

miR-34a Silences c-SRC to Attenuate Tumor Growth in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with no clinically proven biologically targeted treatment options. The molecular heterogeneity of TNBC and lack of high frequency driver mutations other than TP53 have hindered the development of new and effective therapies that significantly improve patient outcomes. miRNAs, global regulators of survival and proliferation pathways important in tumor development and maintenance, are becoming promising therapeutic agents. We performed miRNA-profiling studies in different TNBC subtypes to identify miRNAs that significantly contribute to disease progression. We found that miR-34a was lost in TNBC, specifically within mesenchymal and mesenchymal stem cell-like subtypes, whereas expression of miR-34a targets was significantly enriched. Furthermore, restoration of miR-34a in cell lines representing these subtypes inhibited proliferation and invasion, activated senescence, and promoted sensitivity to dasatinib by targeting the proto-oncogene c-SRC. Notably, SRC depletion in TNBC cell lines phenocopied the effects of miR-34a reintroduction, whereas SRC overexpression rescued the antitumorigenic properties mediated by miR-34a. miR-34a levels also increased when cells were treated with c-SRC inhibitors, suggesting a negative feedback exists between miR-34a and c-SRC. Moreover, miR-34a administration significantly delayed tumor growth of subcutaneously and orthotopically implanted tumors in nude mice, and was accompanied by c-SRC downregulation. Finally, we found that miR-34a and SRC levels were inversely correlated in human tumor specimens. Together, our results demonstrate that miR-34a exerts potent antitumorigenic effects in vitro and in vivo and suggests that miR-34a replacement therapy, which is currently being tested in human clinical trials, represents a promising therapeutic strategy for TNBC. Cancer Res; 76(4); 1-13. (c)2015 AACR

Prospectus, March 29, 1977

SECOND YEAR AS REGIONAL CHAMPS: PC SPEECH TEAM QUALIFIES FOR NATIONALS; Rain, ice storm cause Flashing lights, false fire; 3 candidates petition for PC trustees election; Computers mix-up, issue wrong mid-term grades; Staff editorial: Proposed jail facility deemed necessary; Staff opinion: County jail: Nice place to visit, but...; Letter to the Editor: Election April 9th; Instructor to visit Chile; Sugar Creek trip offered; Workshop starts Mon.; Levi created more than just jeans; Community college awards: Prospectus cited for excellence; To benefit retarded citizens: Dance raises $77,628; Classifieds; Visions of Nationals?: Track season opens Apr. 6; Debate Team attends tourney; Economical recipes offered; 8-2 mark: Pitching helps Cobra extend streak; Women begin season I.C.C., Lincoln Trail 1st; Women\u27s Softball Schedule Additional material: Edition 2 of the Parkland literary magazinehttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1977/1022/thumbnail.jp

Container freight rates and the role of surcharges

This paper demonstrates that the structure of ocean container freight rates has become more complex. A growing number of surcharges are being imposed by the carriers on their customers, surcharges that are not only adding significant extra costs but are highly variable over time. These elements are examined based on a data set of export rates from ports on the Northern European Range that have been compiled from a major global carrier. The paper compares the surcharges to the base rates and discusses some of the implications for shippers who face increasing uncertainty in planning supply chains. Some of the issues for academic research on freight rates is also examined and points to the need to clearly identify what is included in the freight rate data employed. In addition, questions are raised concerning the suitability of many of the variables traditionally used to explain or predict freight rates

Editorial: Maritime and port economic geography

Unlike the flows of capital and information, international trade involves exchanges of material goods and is largely dependent upon the organisation and capacity of one mode of transport: shipping. The growth in trade in manufactured goods and components has been made possible by containerisation, a sector of the maritime transport industry whose efficiency is at the logistical heart of globalisation. An industry in transition Since the 1970s, flows of manufactured goods have been the princip..