Archaeological Survey and Testing in San Pedro Park (41BX19), San Antonio, Texas

In April 1998, staff from the Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) of The University of Texas at San Antonio completed a pedestrian survey and a series of 44 shovel tests and two backhoe trenches in San Pedro Park, in San Antonio, Texas. The project was required to evaluate the potential for significant historic (including a Spanish Colonial dam and acequia) and prehistoric cultural deposits in areas to be impacted by a plan to renovate the park, including the rebuilding of a swimming pool. The shovel tests showed that the majority of the area to be impacted by renovation was already disturbed. Areas which appear to retain undisturbed cultural deposits were identified. One backhoe trench found that the Spanish Colonial dam was probably destroyed by early twentieth-century renovations

Archaeological and Historical Investigations at Rancho de las Cabras, 41WN30, Wilson County, Texas: Fourth Season

During the month of July, 1983, the Center for Archaeological Research conducted a fourth season of excavations at Rancho de las Cabras (41 WN30) near Floresville, Texas. Eleven excavation units were completed in the east part of the compound. Details of the construction of the south wall of Room 3 and the southeast portion of the compound wall were recorded. A trench for a palisade-type fence was located and followed out in the vicinity of the original northeast wall section. The fence was probably constructed for use in small livestock raising during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Additionally, interviews with local informants were conducted to collect information about the history of the ranch

Archaeological and Historical Investigations at Rancho de las Cabras, 41WN30, Wilson County, Texas: Fourth Season

During the month of July, 1983, the Center for Archaeological Research conducted a fourth season of excavations at Rancho de las Cabras (41 WN30) near Floresville, Texas. Eleven excavation units were completed in the east part of the compound. Details of the construction of the south wall of Room 3 and the southeast portion of the compound wall were recorded. A trench for a palisade-type fence was located and followed out in the vicinity of the original northeast wall section. The fence was probably constructed for use in small livestock raising during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Additionally, interviews with local informants were conducted to collect information about the history of the ranch

Archaeological Monitoring of the HEB-GSA Parking Lot: Impacts to the San Pedro Acequia

In October, 1997, the Center for Archaeological Research of The Univeristy of Texas at San Antonio monitored parking lot construction activities at the Federal Center (4IBX622), part of the old United States Arsenal, in downtown San Antonio, Texas. The new parking lot, being constructed by H. E. Butt Grocery Company on land leased from the General Services Adminstration, will impact a section of the San Pedro Acequia which runs beneath an existing parking lot in the same location. The monitoring of these activities documented two sections of the acequia and corrected previous projections of the acequia\u27s route. It is CAR\u27s recommendation that the monitoring and documentation project has mitigated any adverse effects to the acequia.

Lost and Found: (Re)-Placing Say Ka in the La Milpa Suburban Settlement Pattern

The site of Say Ka, less than 4 km from the major center of La Milpa, has generated a large degree of interest among researchers in northwestern Belize in part because of its elusiveness. After being recorded by archaeologists in 1990, Say Ka was lost ; attempts to relocate it failed for nearly a decade (Figure I). It was fortuitously rediscovered in 1999, and three seasons of excavation began in 2004. This paper considers the history of Say Ka, its rediscovery, the results of initial excavations, and the possible implications of this minor center for studying the La Milpa suburban zone

Standard Error of Empirical Bayes Estimate in NONMEM® VI.

The pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics analysis software NONMEM® output provides model parameter estimates and associated standard errors. However, the standard error of empirical Bayes estimates of inter-subject variability is not available. A simple and direct method for estimating standard error of the empirical Bayes estimates of inter-subject variability using the NONMEM® VI internal matrix POSTV is developed and applied to several pharmacokinetic models using intensively or sparsely sampled data for demonstration and to evaluate performance. The computed standard error is in general similar to the results from other post-processing methods and the degree of difference, if any, depends on the employed estimation options

An Archaeological Survey for the Bexar County Correctional Facility at Cagnon Road, San Antonio, Texas

An archaeological survey was conducted near Cagnon Road by the Center for Archaeological Research of The University of Texas for Bexar County. The project area is the proposed location for the Bexar County Correctional Facility. Intensive pedestrian survey and backhoe trenching were employed to determine the presence and depth of cultural material in the project area. One prehistoric site, characterized by a surface lithic scatter, was identified. Due to thin topsoil and agricultural activities, the site exists in a disturbed context. Furthermore, the presence of shallow Cretaceous age subsoil precludes finding buried in situ cultural material in the project area. Since the Bexar County Correctional Facility will not negatively impact intact cultural deposits it is recommended that construction be allowed to proceed

An Archaeological Survey of the Proposed Retama/Selma Monopole Project

The Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) of The University of Texas at San Antonio conducted an archaeological survey of the proposed Retama/Selma Monopole Project for Southwestern Bell Wireless. The investigations included two backhoe trenches, four shovel tests, and a 100-percent pedestrian survey of the project area and access road. The backhoe trenches and shovel tests did not encounter any subsurface artifacts or features, but the pedestrian survey discovered a lithic scatter in the access road. This site, designated 41GU39, contains an Early Archaic component as evidenced by a Gower point. The artifacts appear to be confined to the surface and a 10-cm-thick plow zone. CAR recommends that the proposed project will have no adverse effect and that the sponsor be allowed to proceed as planned

The Gatlin Site (41KR621): Investigating Archaic Lifeways on the Southern Edwards Plateau of Central Texas

From May 2004 through the summer of 2008 and on behalf of the Environmental Affairs Division (ENV) of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) undertook extensive archaeological investigations and analyses on the Gatlin site, 41KR621, located on the Guadalupe River, Kerr County, Texas. Work at the site was necessitated by the planned 1.15-mile extension of Spur 98 from its current limits to cross the Guadalupe River and terminate at FM 1338. As the project included both state and federal funding, TxDOT was required to comply with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, the implementing regulations of 36CFR Part 800, and the Texas Antiquities Code. In the case of 41KR621, since the archaeological site was determined eligible for listing under Criterion D and since impacts could not be avoided, a plan to mitigate the project effects was developed. The subsequent work in the form of data recovery is the primary basis of this report. SWCA initially conducted the survey and site testing investigations along the Spur 98 corridor in May 2004. TxDOT then contracted SWCA to conduct the data recovery excavations under THC Antiquities Permit 3532. Data recovery excavations at 41KR621 spanned September through November 2004 and included the re-excavation of several backhoe trenches from the testing phase, excavation of new control trenches, removal of overburden in two areas of the site, and hand excavating roughly 145 m3 of the site in broad horizontal exposures. Combined, the testing and data recovery work resulting in the recovery of 37 burned rock features (including a buried burned rock midden), close to 50,000 pieces of debitage, 409 projectile points, 1,085 bifaces, 343 cores, over 400 flaked and non-chipped tools, and a modest amount of ecofacts. The investigations documented four cultural occupations. The earliest of the Gatlin site’s components, Occupation Zone (OZ) 1, contained Gower points and dates from approximately 6,800 B.P. to possibly as late as 6,000 B.P., falling within the Early Archaic. OZ2, a younger and more extensive Early Archaic occupation with mainly Gower and Martindale points, covers the period of ca. 6,100–4,500 B.P. The third zone, OZ3, a more compressed transitional phase between the Early to Middle Archaic dominated by Early Triangular diagnostic artifacts, is a component that produced dates of ca. 4,500–3,850 B.P. The youngest occupation, OZ4, which contained a burned rock midden but proved to be an admixture of broad temporal and cultural components, spans the Middle through Late Archaic periods, as evidenced by numerous diagnostic point types. Utilizing one of the largest excavated samples of Early and Middle Archaic cultural deposits in the southern Edwards Plateau, the results of the study provide a unique look at human adaptation and basic lifeways at the site and surrounding region. Evidence indicates the Gatlin site was primarily utilized by small groups of foraging hunter-gatherers for short periods of time to acquire and process game, replenish their stocks of raw materials, and gear-up for future forays. The abundant game, plant foods, fuel, chert resources, and overall comfort of the riparian setting likely served as major draws for continuous occupation over thousands of years. Utilizing the projectile point sequence and suite of radiocarbon dates from 41KR621, the Early–Middle Archaic chronology of south Central Texas is revised and refined. Comparisons to other excavated sites in the region reveal new and important patterns regarding human adaptation during the Early and Middle Archaic on the southern Edwards Plateau. All artifacts and project related materials will be curated at the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory

Phase II Archaeological Investigations at Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas

The Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) of The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA) conducted significance testing at eight prehistoric archaeological sites at Lackland Air Force Base Medina Annex in Bexar County, Texas, for the Department ofthe Air Force under Sections 106 and 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act. The Air Force had selected two areas of Medina Annex for possible impact associated with the construction of on-base housing. Alternate 1, the Medina Annex Housing Area, includes sites 41 BXl 088, 41BX1090 and 41BXI091. Alternate 2, the Medina Dog Training Area, includes sites 4IBX1070, 41BXll02, 41 BXII 03, and 41 BX1114. Site 41BXI 076 is located outside ofthe impact areas and was tested under Section 110. A previously unrecorded site, 41BXI208, was located during the course of the testing project in Alternate 2. The site, a small lithic scatter, was inspected and mapped. Based on the results of the testing at the Medina Annex, CAR recommends to WACC that two sites---41BXII02 and 41BX1I 03-are eligible for NRHP designation. CAR recommends that the testing project has exhausted the research potential of the remaining sites---4lBX1 070, 41BXI 076, 41 BXl 088,41 BXl 090, 41BX1091, and 41BX llI4-which are all recommended as ineligible for NRHP nomination. CAR therefore recommends that construction should be allowed to proceed in the Medina Annex Housing Area (Alternate 1) because it will have no adverse effect on significant cultural resources