Nonlinear equations for p-adic open, closed, and open-closed strings

We investigate the structure of solutions of boundary value problems for a one-dimensional nonlinear system of pseudodifferential equations describing the dynamics (rolling) of p-adic open, closed, and open-closed strings for a scalar tachyon field using the method of successive approximations. For an open-closed string, we prove that the method converges for odd values of p of the form p=4n+1 under the condition that the solution for the closed string is known. For p=2, we discuss the questions of the existence and the nonexistence of solutions of boundary value problems and indicate the possibility of discontinuous solutions appearing.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figure

Decentralisation: a multidisciplinary perspective

Contains fulltext : 236508.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access

Decentralisation in the blockchain space

Contains fulltext : 233930.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)25 november 202

EUV Sunspot Plumes Observed with SOHO

Bright EUV sunspot plumes have been observed in five out of nine sunspot regions with the Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer -- CDS on SOHO. In the other four regions the brightest line emissions may appear inside the sunspot but are mainly concentrated in small regions outside the sunspot areas. These results are in contrast to those obtained during the Solar Maximum Mission, but are compatible with the Skylab mission results. The present observations show that sunspot plumes are formed in the upper part of the transition region, occur both in magnetic unipolar-- and bipolar regions, and may extend from the umbra into the penumbra.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, to be published in ApJ Letter

Underdiagnosis of myocardial infarction in COPD – Cardiac Infarction Injury Score (CIIS) in patients hospitalised for COPD exacerbation

SummaryBackgroundPatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are usually former or current smokers, and are at increased risk of ischemic heart disease. We used Cardiac Infarction Injury Score (CIIS) to assess the prevalence of prior myocardical infarction (MI) in COPD patients and compared this to clinicians' previous diagnosis of MI.MethodsFrom the hospital database, 897 patients (mean age 70.9 years, 50.8% female) discharged after treatment for COPD exacerbation in the years 2000–2003 were identified. Disease history was established from medical records and the hospital patient database. Electrocardiograms from the day of admission were available in 827 patients, and were coded according to the CIIS algorithm by an investigator blinded to clinical and outcome data. The CIIS score was validated using follow-up data for the first year after discharge.ResultsTwo hundred and twenty-nine patients had CIIS≥20, out of whom only 30% (95% confidence interval: 24–36%, n=68) had a recognised history of MI. Female patients had a lower probability of diagnosis despite ECG evidence. Validation of CIIS using multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that a score≥20 had independent prognostic value for the first year after discharge, with an adjusted HR of 1.52 (1.14–2.03).ConclusionUnrecognised MI is common in patients hospitalised with COPD exacerbation. Less than one-third of patients with ECG evidence of previous MI by the CIIS system actually have the diagnosis in their medical records

Nonlocal Dynamics of p-Adic Strings

We consider the construction of Lagrangians that might be suitable for describing the entire $p$-adic sector of an adelic open scalar string. These Lagrangians are constructed using the Lagrangian for $p$-adic strings with an arbitrary prime number $p$. They contain space-time nonlocality because of the d'Alembertian in argument of the Riemann zeta function. We present a brief review and some new results.Comment: 8 page

A solar active region loop compared with a 2D MHD model

We analyzed a coronal loop observed with the Normal Incidence Spectrometer (NIS), which is part of the Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer (CDS) on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). The measured Doppler shifts and proper motions along the selected loop strongly indicate unidirectional flows. Analysing the Emission Measure Curves of the observed spectral lines, we estimated that the temperature along the loop was about 380000 K. We adapted a solution of the ideal MHD steady equations to our set of measurements. The derived energy balance along the loop, as well as the advantages/disadvantages of this MHD model for understanding the characteristics of solar coronal loops are discussed.Comment: A&A in press, 10 pages, 6 figure