An Urban Forest Horizon Scan in Canberra, Australia. Report for the Clean Air and Urban Landscapes Hub

In attempting to glimpse the possible futures for the urban forest, insights can be gained into key current policy and research needs that will better prepare the urban forest, and its managers and users, for these future scenarios. The horizon scanning workshop provided the forum and opportunity for researchers and policy makers from a range of backgrounds to come together and for one day imagine scenarios for future forests. These discussions generated new conceptions of future cities and the roles of the urban forests within them. Discussions pointed to both opportunities and threats for urban forests, associated with technological developments, increasing climate change impacts, globalisation and population growth. These scenarios could be further developed to identify key research and policy priorities that can better prepare our cities to capitalise on the opportunities and manage the threats. The workshop also opened possibilities for increased transdisciplinary collaborations between workshop participants and their colleagues

The single transoral approach for Os odontoideum with irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation

We report a 52-year-old female patient with a 2-year history of local neck pain, decreased cervical spine rotation, progressive numbness and weakness of both arms. Preoperative, dynamic X-rays, computed tomography, three-dimensional computed tomography demonstrated a displaced Os odontoideum with irreducible Subluxation of C1/2. We used a single transoral approach release, reduction using an assistance of skull traction, bone fusion and stabilization in the treatment of Os odontoideum with irreducible alantoaxial dislocation. Postoperative, the patient was free of all symptoms and X-rays taken showed a stable fusion of C1/2 at 6th postoperative month. This technique in the treatment of Os odontoideum with irreducible alantoaxial dislocation is atraumatic and effective. And preoperative dynamic X-rays, computed tomography, three-dimensional computed tomography and MRI scans provided an invaluable aid to select this operative procedure