Glaciation of northwestern Wyoming interpreted from ERTS-1

Analysis of ERTS Imagery has shown a number of alpine glacial features can be recognized and mapped successfully. Although the Wyoming mountains are generally regarded as the type locality for Rocky Mountain glaciation some areas have not been studied from a glacial standpoint because of inaccessibility or lack of topographic control. ERTS imagery provides an excellent base for this type of regional geomorphic study. A map of maximum extent of Wisconsin Ice, flow directions and major glacial features was compiled from interpretation of the ERTS imagery. Features which can be mapped are large moraines, outwash fans and terraces. Present-day glaciers and snowfields are easily discriminated and mapped. Glaciers and glacial deposits which serve as aquifers play a significant role in the hydrologic cycle and are important because of the increasing demand placed on our water resources. ERTS provides a quick and effective method for change detection and inventory of these vital resources

Remote sensing applied to land-use studies in Wyoming

Impending development of Wyoming's vast fuel resources requires a quick and efficient method of land use inventory and evaluation. Preliminary evaluations of ERTS-1 imagery have shown that physiographic and land use inventory maps can be compiled by using a combination of visual and automated interpretation techniques. Test studies in the Powder River Basin showed that ERTS image interpretations can provide much of the needed physiographic and land use information. Water impoundments as small as one acre were detected and water bodies larger than five acres could be mapped and their acreage estimated. Flood plains and irrigated lands were successfully mapped, and some individual crops were identified and mapped. Coniferous and deciduous trees were mapped separately using color additive analysis on the ERTS multispectral imagery. Gross soil distinctions were made with the ERTS imagery, and were found to be closely related to the bedrock geology. Several broad unstable areas were identified. These were related to specific geologic and slope conditions and generally extended through large regions. Some new oil fields and all large open-cut coal mines were mapped. The most difficult task accomplished was that of mapping urban areas. Work in the urban areas provides a striking example of snow enhancement and the detail available from a snow enhanced image

Application of the ERTS system to the study of Wyoming resources with emphasis on the use of basic data products

Many potential users of ERTS data products and other aircraft and satellite imagery are limited to visual methods of analyses of these products. Illustrations are presented from Wyoming studies that have employed these standard data products for a variety of geologic and related studies. Possible economic applications of these studies are summarized. Studies include regional geologic mapping for updating and correcting existing maps and to supplement incomplete regional mapping; illustrations of the value of seasonal images in geologic mapping; specialized mapping of such features as sand dunes, playa lakes, lineaments, glacial features, regional facies changes, and their possible economic value; and multilevel sensing as an aid in mineral exploration. Examples of cooperative studies involving botanists, plant scientists, and geologists for the preparation of maps of surface resources that can be used by planners and for environmental impact studies are given

Vapor phase growth of group 3, 4, and 5 compounds by HCl transport of elements

Technique has been devised for vapor-phase epitaxial growth of group 3, 4, and 5 binary, ternary, or quaternary compounds by HCl transport of the constituent elements or dopants. Technique uses all the constituents of the alloy system in their elemental form. Transport of these elements by an HCl + H2 carrier gas facilitates their transport as subchlorides

New angles on D-branes

A low-energy background field solution is presented which describes several D-membranes oriented at angles with respect to one another. The mass and charge densities for this configuration are computed and found to saturate the BPS bound, implying the preservation of one-quarter of the supersymmetries. T-duality is exploited to construct new solutions with nontrivial angles from the basic one.Comment: Latex, 12 pages, still no figures, references update

Localized Branes and Black Holes

We address the delocalization of low dimensional D-branes and NS-branes when they are a part of a higher dimensional BPS black brane, and the homogeneity of the resulting horizon. We show that the effective delocalization of such branes is a classical effect that occurs when localized branes are brought together. Thus, the fact that the few known solutions with inhomogeneous horizons are highly singular need not indicate a singularity of generic D- and NS-brane states. Rather, these singular solutions are likely to be unphysical as they cannot be constructed from localized branes which are brought together from a finite separation.Comment: 13 pages, RevTex, no figures, few references and comments adde

Theoretical study of finite temperature spectroscopy in van der Waals clusters. I. Probing phase changes in CaAr_n

The photoabsorption spectra of calcium-doped argon clusters CaAr_n are investigated at thermal equilibrium using a variety of theoretical and numerical tools. The influence of temperature on the absorption spectra is estimated using the quantum superposition method for a variety of cluster sizes in the range 6<=n<=146. At the harmonic level of approximation, the absorption intensity is calculated through an extension of the Gaussian theory by Wadi and Pollak [J. Chem. Phys. vol 110, 11890 (1999)]. This theory is tested on simple, few-atom systems in both the classical and quantum regimes for which highly accurate Monte Carlo data can be obtained. By incorporating quantum anharmonic corrections to the partition functions and respective weights of the isomers, we show that the superposition method can correctly describe the finite-temperature spectroscopic properties of CaAr_n systems. The use of the absorption spectrum as a possible probe of isomerization or phase changes in the argon cluster is discussed at the light of finite-size effects.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figure

Comments on Black Holes in Matrix Theory

The recent suggestion that the entropy of Schwarzschild black holes can be computed in matrix theory using near-extremal D-brane thermodynamics is examined. It is found that the regime in which this approach is valid actually describes black strings stretched across the longitudinal direction, near the transition where black strings become unstable to the formation of black holes. It is argued that the appropriate dynamics on the other (black hole) side of the transition is that of the zero modes of the corresponding super Yang-Mills theory. A suggestive mean field theory argument is given for the entropy of black holes in all dimensions. Consequences of the analysis for matrix theory and the holographic principle are discussed.Comment: 15 pages, harvmac, minor errors correcte