1,433 research outputs found
Neutron Stars with Hyperons subject to Strong Magnetic Field
Neutron stars are one of the most exotic objects in the universe and a unique
laboratory to study the nuclear matter above the nuclear saturation density. In
this work, we study the equation of state of the nuclear matter within a
relativistic model subjected to a strong magnetic field. We then apply this EoS
to study and describe some of the physical characteristics of neutron star,
especially the mass-radius relation and chemical compositions. To study the
influence of a the magnetic field and the hyperons in the stellar interior, we
consider altogether four solutions: two different values of magnetic field to
obtain a weak and a strong influence, and two configurations: a family of
neutron stars formed only by protons, electrons and neutrons and a family
formed by protons, electrons, neutrons, muons and hyperons. The limit and the
validity of the results found are discussed with some care. In all cases the
particles that constitute the neutron star are in equilibrium and zero
total net charge. Our work indicates that the effect of a strong magnetic field
has to be taken into account in the description of magnetars, mainly if we
believe that there are hyperons in their interior, in which case, the influence
of the magnetic field can increase the mass by more than 10%. We have also seen
that although a magnetar can reach 2.48, a natural explanation of
why we do not know pulsars with masses above 2.0 arises. We also
discuss how the magnetic field affects the strangeness fraction in some
standard neutron star masses and, to conclude our paper, we revisit the direct
URCA process related to the cooling of the neutron stars and show how it is
affected by the hyperons and the magnetic field.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figure
Semiclassical back reaction around a cosmic dislocation
The energy-momentum vacuum average of a conformally coupled massless scalar
field vibrating around a cosmic dislocation (a cosmic string with a dislocation
along its axis) is taken as source of the linearized semiclassical Einstein
equations. The solution up to first order in the Planck constant is derived.
Motion of a test particle is then discussed, showing that under certain
circumstances a helical-like dragging effect, with no classical analogue around
the cosmic dislocation, is induced by back reaction.Comment: Published version, 4 pages, no figures, REVTeX4 fil
Interference of volunteer corn on soybean grown under cerrado conditions.
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Procedimento prático para elaboração de uma tabela de produção.
bitstream/CNPF-2009-09/43533/1/Doc165.pd
Constraining the properties of 1.2-mm dust clumps that contain luminous water masers
We have conducted a sensitive water maser search with the ATCA towards 267
1.2-mm dust clumps presented in the literature. We combine our new observations
with previous water maser observations to extend our sample to 294 1.2-mm dust
clumps, towards which we detect 165 distinct water maser sites towards 128
1.2-mm dust clumps. Within the fields of our observations, we additionally find
four water masers with no apparent associated 1.2-mm dust continuum emission.
Our overall detection rate of 44 per cent appears to vary as a function of
Galactic longitude. We find that there is an excellent correspondence between
the locations of the detected water masers with the peak of the target 1.2-mm
dust clump sources. As expected from previous similar studies, the water masers
are chiefly detected towards the bigger, brighter and more massive 1.2-mm dust
clumps. We find further evidence that the water masers tend to increase in flux
density (and therefore luminosity), as well as velocity range, as the sources
evolve. We also show that the current sample of water maser sources suffer less
from evolutionary biases than previous targeted searches. A higher fraction of
dust clump sources in our sample are only associated with water masers (41)
than only associated with methanol masers (13). This suggests that water masers
can be present at an even earlier evolutionary stage than 6.7-GHz methanol
masers. Comparison of the water maser detection rates associated with different
combinations of methanol maser and radio continuum, as well as those with
neither tracer, shows that the highest detection rate is towards those sources
which also exhibit methanol maser emission. We have tested a previously
hypothesised model for water maser presence towards 1.2-mm dust clumps. We
suggest refinements and future work which will further constrain the nature of
the driving sources associated with water masers.Comment: accepted to MNRA
Tolerância do feijoeiro a herbicidas aplicados na cultura da cana-de-açúcar.
O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a seletividade dos principais herbicidas utilizados na cultura da cana-de-açúcar, aplicados em pré ou pós-emergência, ao feijão-comum (Grupo Jalo ? cultivar Jalo Precoce). Na modalidade de pré-emergência os tratamentos avaliados foram: ametryn (2.500 g ha-1), tebuthiuron (800 g ha-1), [hexazinone + diuron] (237,6 + 842,4 g ha-1), metribuzin (1.440 g ha-1), clomazone (800 g ha-1), isoxaflutole (112,5 g ha-1), sulfentrazone (600 g ha-1), imazapic (105 g ha-1), trifluralin (1.800 g ha-1) e S-metolachlor (1.920 g ha-1), mais uma testemunha sem aplicação. Já na modalidade de pós-emergência os tratamentos foram: MSMA (1.440 g ha-1), MSMA + diuron (1.080 + 420 g ha-1), [hexazinone + diuron] (237,6 + 842,4 g ha-1), metribuzin (1.440 g ha-1), ametryn (1.500 g ha-1), [ametryn + trifloxysulfuron sodium] (1.280 + 32,4 g ha-1), halosulfuron (112,5 g ha-1), 2,4-D (1.005 g ha-1) e mesotrione (120 g ha-1), mais uma testemunha sem aplicação. Foram avaliadas a fitointoxicação, estande e altura de plantas, matéria verde e seca da parte aérea, número de plantas na colheita, altura de inserção da primeira vagem, além da produtividade. Os herbicidas S-metolachlor, tebuthiuron, trifluralin e clomazone apresentaram seletividade satisfatória às plantas de feijão cv. Jalo Precoce, quando aplicados em pré-emergência. No entanto, ametryn, [hexazinone + diuron], metribuzin, isoxaflutole, sulfentrazone e imazapic não foram seletivos, também em aplicações de préemergência. Nenhum dos herbicidas avaliados apresentou condições de seletividade para ser utilizado em pós-emergência em um sistema de cultivo integrado de feijão (cv. Jalo Precoce) em áreas de produção de cana-de-açúcar. Common bean tolerance to herbicides applied in sugarcane crop. This work was aimed to evaluate the selectivity of main herbicides used in sugar cane crop applied in pre or post emergence conditions to common bean (?Jalo? Group ? cultivar ?Jalo Precoce?). In pre emergence modality the treatments evaluated consisted of: ametryn (2.500 g ha-1), tebuthiuron (800 g ha-1), [hexazinone + diuron] (237.6 + 842.4 g ha-1), metribuzin (1,440 g ha-1), clomazone (800 g ha-1), isoxaflutole (112.5 g ha-1), sulfentrazone (600 g ha-1), imazapic (105 g ha-1), trifluralin (1,800 g ha-1), S-metolachlor (1,920 g ha-1), and a check without herbicide application. In post emergence modality treatments evaluated were: MSMA (1,440 g ha-1), MSMA + diuron (1,080 + 420 g ha-1), [hexazinone + diuron] (237.6 + 842.4 g ha-1), metribuzin, (1,440 g ha-1), ametryn (1,500 g ha-1), [ametryn + trifloxysulfuron sodium] (1,280 + 32.4 g ha-1), halosulfuron (112.5 g ha-1), 2.4-D (1,005 g ha-1) and mesotrione (120 g ha-1) besides a check without herbicide application. Phytointoxication, stand, plant height, wet and dry matter of shoots, number of plants at harvest, height of first pod insertion, and grain yield were evaluated. S-metolachlor, tebuthiuron, trifluralin and clomazone herbicides showed satisfactory selectivity to bean plants cv. Jalo Precoce, when applied in pre-emergence. However, ametryn [hexazinone + diuron], metribuzin, isoxaflutole, sulfentrazone and imazapic were not selective, even in preemergence applications. None of tested herbicides showed selectivity conditions for being used in post-emergence in one bean integrated cultivation system (cv. Jalo Precoce) in areas with sugar cane crop production
Knowledge and attitude towards the gradual reduction of salt in bread – an online survey
Aim: Assess knowledge and attitude towards the gradual reduction of salt
in bread and the potential impact on eating habits of children (6-18 years)
and their families, as part as a Health Impact Assessment pilot study.N/
Seletividade de herbicidas registrados para uso em pré e pós-emergência na cultura da cana-de-açúcar ao feijoeiro-comum.
RESUMO: O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a seletividade dos principais herbicidas registrados para uso na cultura da cana-de-açúcar, aplicados em pré ou pós-emergência, ao feijoeiro-comum (cultivar Pérola). Na modalidade de pré-emergência os herbicidas avaliados foram: ametryn (2.500 g ha-1), tebuthiuron (800 g ha-1), [hexazinone + diuron] (237,6 + 842,4 g ha-1), metribuzin (1.440 g ha-1), clomazone (800 g ha-1), isoxaflutole (112,5 g ha-1), sulfentrazone (600 g ha-1), imazapic (105 g ha-1), trifluralin (1.800 g ha-1) e s-metolachlor (1.920 g ha-1), mais uma testemunha sem aplicação. Já na modalidade de pós-emergência os tratamentos foram: MSMA (1.440 g ha-1), MSMA + diuron (1.080 + 420 g ha-1), [hexazinone + diuron] (237,6 + 842,4 g ha-1), metribuzin (1.440 g ha-1), ametryn (1.500 g ha-1), [ametryn + trifloxysulfuron sodium] (1.280 + 32,4 g ha-1), halosulfuron (112,5 g ha-1), 2,4-D (1.005 g ha-1) e mesotrione (120 g ha-1), mais uma testemunha. Foram avaliadas a fitointoxicação, estande de plantas, altura de plantas, matéria verde e seca da parte aérea, número de plantas na colheita, altura de inserção da primeira vagem e produtividade de grãos. Observou-se que nenhum herbicida avaliado é seletivo ao feijão, nas aplicações em pré ou pós-emergência, pois todos reduzem significativamente a produtividade de grãos. ABSTRACT: Selectivity of pre and postemergence herbicides registered for use in sugarcane to common beans. This work was aimed at evaluating the selectivity of main herbicides registered for use in sugar cane at pre or postemergence applied at beans (?Carioca? Group ? cultivar ?Pérola?). At preemergence treatments evaluated consisted of: ametryn (2,500 g ha-1), tebuthiuron (800 g ha-1), [hexazinone + diuron] (237.6 + 842.4 g ha-1), metribuzin (1,440 g ha-1), clomazone (800 g ha-1), isoxaflutole (112.5 g ha-1), sulfentrazone (600 g ha-1), imazapic (105 g ha-1), trifluralin (1,800 g ha-1), S-metolachlor (1,920 g ha-1), and a check without herbicide application. At postemergence treatments evaluated were: MSMA (1,440 g ha-1), MSMA + diuron (1,080 + 420 g ha-1), [hexazinone + diuron] (237.6 + 842.4 g ha-1), metribuzin (1,440 g ha-1), ametryn (1,500 g ha-1), [ametryn + trifloxysulfuron sodium] (1,280 + 32.4 g ha-1), halosulfuron (112.5 g ha-1), 2.4-D (1,005 g ha-1), mesotrione (120 g ha-1), as wells as a check without herbicide application. Phytointoxication, plant stand, plant height, green and dry matter of shoots, number of plants at harvest, height of first pod insertion, and grain yield were evaluated. No herbicide analyzed is selective to beans, at pre or postemergence applications once they significantly reduce grain yield
Seletividade de herbicidas aplicados em pré e pós-emergência na cultura da cana-de-açúcar ao feijão-de-corda.
RESUMO: O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a seletividade dos principais herbicidas utilizados na cultura da cana-de-açúcar, aplicados em pré ou pós-emergência, ao feijão-de-corda (Vigna unguiculata ? BRS Novaera). Na modalidade de pré-emergência os tratamentos herbicidas avaliados foram: ametryn (2.500 g ha-1), tebuthiuron (800 g ha-1), [hexazinone + diuron] (237,6 + 842,4 g ha-1), metribuzin (1.440 g ha-1), clomazone (800 g ha-1), isoxaflutole (112,5 g ha-1), sulfentrazone (600 g ha-1), imazapic (105 g ha-1), trifluralin (1.800 g ha-1) e s-metolachlor (1.920 g ha-1), mais uma testemunha sem aplicação. Já na modalidade de pós-emergência os tratamentos foram: MSMA (1.440 g ha-1), MSMA + diuron (1.080 + 420 g ha-1), [hexazinone + diuron] (237,6 + 842,4 g ha-1), metribuzin (1.440 g ha-1), ametryn (1.500 g ha-1), [ametryn + trifloxysulfuron sodium] (1.280 + 32,4 g ha-1), halosulfuron (112,5 g ha-1), 2,4-D (1.005 g ha-1) e mesotrione (120 g ha-1), mais uma testemunha sem aplicação. Foram avaliadas a fitointoxicação, estande de plantas, altura de plantas, matéria verde e seca da parte aérea, número de plantas na colheita, altura de inserção da primeira vagem, produtividade de grãos e componentes da produtividade. O herbicida trifluralin foi o único dentre todos os testados, sejam em pré ou pós-emergência, que apresentou seletividade satisfatória às plantas de feijão-de-corda. Tais resultados dificultam a formatação de um sistema integrado de cultivo de feijão-de-corda em áreas de cana-de-açúcar. Selectivity of pre and postemergence herbicides used for sugarcane to cowpea. ABSTRACT: This work aimed to evaluate the selectivity of main herbicides used in sugarcane at pre or postemergence applied in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata ? cultivar BRS Novaera). To preemergence, the treatments evaluated were: ametryn (2,500 g ha-1), tebuthiuron (800 g ha-1), [hexazinone + diuron] (237.6 + 842.4 g ha-1), metribuzin (1,440 g ha-1), clomazone (800 g ha-1), isoxaflutole (112.5 g ha-1), sulfentrazone (600 g ha-1), imazapic (105 g ha-1), trifluralin (1,800 g ha-1), s-metolachlor (1,920 g ha-1), and a check without herbicide application. At postemergence, the treatments evaluated were: MSMA (1,440 g ha-1), MSMA + diuron (1,080 + 420 g ha-1), [hexazinone + diuron] (237.6 + 842.4 g ha-1), metribuzin (1,440 g ha-1), ametryn (1,500 g ha-1), [ametryn + trifloxysulfuron sodium] (1,280 + 32.4 g ha-1), halosulfuron (112.5 g ha-1), 2.4-D (1,005 g ha-1), mesotrione (120 g ha-1), as wells as a check without herbicide application. Phytointoxication, plant stand, plant height, fresh and dry matter of shoots, number of plants at harvest, height of first pod insertion, grain yield and yield components were evaluated. The herbicide trifluralin was the only one among all those tested, whether pre or postemergence, which showed satisfactory selectivity to plants of cowpea. Such results complicate the formatting of an integrated system of cowpea in the areas of sugarcane
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