590 research outputs found
Asymptotic information leakage under one-try attacks
We study the asymptotic behaviour of (a) information leakage and (b) adversary’s error probability in information hiding systems modelled as noisy channels. Specifically, we assume the attacker can make a single guess after observing n independent executions of the system, throughout which the secret information is kept fixed. We show that the asymptotic behaviour of quantities (a) and (b) can be determined in a simple way from the channel matrix. Moreover, simple and tight bounds on them as functions of n show that the convergence is exponential. We also discuss feasible methods to evaluate the rate of convergence. Our results cover both the Bayesian case, where a prior probability distribution on the secrets is assumed known to the attacker, and the maximum-likelihood case, where the attacker does not know such distribution. In the Bayesian case, we identify the distributions that maximize the leakage. We consider both the min-entropy setting studied by Smith and the additive form recently proposed by Braun et al., and show the two forms do agree asymptotically. Next, we extend these results to a more sophisticated eavesdropping scenario, where the attacker can perform a (noisy) observation at each state of the computation and the systems are modelled as hidden Markov models
Quantitative information flow, with a view
We put forward a general model intended for assessment of system security against passive eavesdroppers, both quantitatively ( how much information is leaked) and qualitatively ( what properties are leaked). To this purpose, we extend information hiding systems ( ihs ), a model where the secret-observable relation is represented as a noisy channel, with views : basically, partitions of the state-space. Given a view W and n independent observations of the system, one is interested in the probability that a Bayesian adversary wrongly predicts the class of W the underlying secret belongs to. We offer results that allow one to easily characterise the behaviour of this error probability as a function of the number of observations, in terms of the channel matrices defining the ihs and the view W . In particular, we provide expressions for the limit value as n → ∞, show by tight bounds that convergence is exponential, and also characterise the rate of convergence to predefined error thresholds. We then show a few instances of statistical attacks that can be assessed by a direct application of our model: attacks against modular exponentiation that exploit timing leaks, against anonymity in mix-nets and against privacy in sparse datasets
On Superspace Chern-Simons-like Terms
We search for superspace Chern-Simons-like higher-derivative terms in the low
energy effective actions of supersymmetric theories in four dimensions.
Superspace Chern-Simons-like terms are those gauge-invariant terms which cannot
be written solely in terms of field strength superfields and covariant
derivatives, but in which a gauge potential superfield appears explicitly. We
find one class of such four-derivative terms with N=2 supersymmetry which,
though locally on the Coulomb branch can be written solely in terms of field
strengths, globally cannot be. These terms are classified by certain Dolbeault
cohomology classes on the moduli space. We include a discussion of other
examples of terms in the effective action involving global obstructions on the
Coulomb branch.Comment: 23 pages; a reference and an author email correcte
Magnetic Ordering and Superconductivity in the REIrGe (RE = Y, La-Tm, Lu) System
We find that the compounds for RE = Y, La-Dy, crystallize in the tetragonal
Ibam (UCoSi type) structure whereas the compounds for RE = Er-Lu,
crystallize in a new orthorhombic structure with a space group Pmmn. Samples of
HoIrGe were always found to be multiphase. The compounds for RE = Y
to Dy which adopt the Ibam type structure show a metallic resistivity whereas
the compounds with RE = Er, Tm and Lu show an anomalous behavior in the
resistivity with a semiconducting increase in as we go down in
temperature from 300K. Interestingly we had earlier found a positive
temperature coefficient of resistivity for the Yb sample in the same
temperature range. We will compare this behavior with similar observations in
the compounds RERuGe and REBiPt. LaIrGe and
YIrGe show bulk superconductivity below 1.8K and 2.5K respectively.
Our results confirm that CeIrGe shows a Kondo lattice behavior and
undergoes antiferromagnetic ordering below 8.5K. Most of the other compounds
containing magnetic rare-earth elements undergo a single antiferromagnetic
transition at low temperatures (T12K) while GdIrGe,
DyIrGe and NdIrGe show multiple transitions. The
T's for most of the compounds roughly scale with the de Gennes factor.
which suggests that the chief mechanism of interaction leading to the magnetic
ordering of the magnetic moments may be the RKKY interaction.Comment: 25 pages, 16 figure
Oscillatory wave fronts in chains of coupled nonlinear oscillators
Wave front pinning and propagation in damped chains of coupled oscillators
are studied. There are two important thresholds for an applied constant stress
: for (dynamic Peierls stress), wave fronts fail to propagate,
for stable static and moving wave fronts coexist, and
for (static Peierls stress) there are only stable moving wave
fronts. For piecewise linear models, extending an exact method of Atkinson and
Cabrera's to chains with damped dynamics corroborates this description. For
smooth nonlinearities, an approximate analytical description is found by means
of the active point theory. Generically for small or zero damping, stable wave
front profiles are non-monotone and become wavy (oscillatory) in one of their
tails.Comment: 18 pages, 21 figures, 2 column revtex. To appear in Phys. Rev.
Stimulation von TSH durch TRH - ein Vergleich von intravenöser, oraler und intranasaler Applikation
Higher-Derivative Terms in N=2 Supersymmetric Effective Actions
We show how to systematically construct higher-derivative terms in effective
actions in harmonic superspace despite the infinite redundancy in their
description due to the infinite number of auxiliary fields. Making an
assumption about the absence of certain superspace Chern-Simons-like terms
involving vector multiplets, we write all 3- and 4-derivative terms on Higgs,
Coulomb, and mixed branches. Among these terms are several with only
holomorphic dependence on fields, and at least one satisfies a
non-renormalization theorem. These holomorphic terms include a novel
3-derivative term on mixed branches given as an integral over 3/4 of
superspace. As an illustration of our method, we search for Wess-Zumino terms
in the low energy effective action of N=2 supersymmetric QCD. We show that such
terms occur only on mixed branches. We also present an argument showing that
the combination of space-time locality with supersymmetry implies locality in
the anticommuting superspace coordinates of for unconstrained superfields.Comment: 30 pages. Added references and simplified final form of WZ ter
High Energy QCD: Stringy Picture from Hidden Integrability
We discuss the stringy properties of high-energy QCD using its hidden
integrability in the Regge limit and on the light-cone. It is shown that
multi-colour QCD in the Regge limit belongs to the same universality class as
superconformal =2 SUSY YM with at the strong coupling
orbifold point. The analogy with integrable structure governing the low energy
sector of =2 SUSY gauge theories is used to develop the brane picture
for the Regge limit. In this picture the scattering process is described by a
single M2 brane wrapped around the spectral curve of the integrable spin chain
and unifying hadrons and reggeized gluons involved in the process. New
quasiclassical quantization conditions for the complex higher integrals of
motion are suggested which are consistent with the duality of the
multi-reggeon spectrum. The derivation of the anomalous dimensions of the
lowest twist operators is formulated in terms of the Riemann surfacesComment: 37 pages, 3 figure
Nonlinear stability of oscillatory wave fronts in chains of coupled oscillators
We present a stability theory for kink propagation in chains of coupled
oscillators and a new algorithm for the numerical study of kink dynamics. The
numerical solutions are computed using an equivalent integral equation instead
of a system of differential equations. This avoids uncertainty about the impact
of artificial boundary conditions and discretization in time. Stability results
also follow from the integral version. Stable kinks have a monotone leading
edge and move with a velocity larger than a critical value which depends on the
damping strength.Comment: 11 figure
Quasiparticle dynamics in ferromagnetic compounds of the Co-Fe and Ni-Fe systems
We report a theoretical study of the quasiparticle lifetime and the
quasiparticle mean free path caused by inelastic electron-electron scattering
in ferromagnetic compounds of the Co-Fe and Ni-Fe systems. The study is based
on spin-polarized calculations, which are performed within the
approximation for equiatomic and Co- and Ni-rich compounds, as well as for
their constituents. We mainly focus on the spin asymmetry of the quasiparticle
properties, which leads to the spin-filtering effect experimentally observed in
spin-dependent transport of hot electrons and holes in the systems under study.
By comparing with available experimental data on the attenuation length, we
estimate the contribution of the inelastic mean free path to the latter.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figure
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