NIVO FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI STUDENATA NA UNIVERZITETU

The aim of this research was to determine the difference in the level of physical activity (PA) in students of four faculties of the University of Niš whose curricula do not include physical education (PE) classes. The PA level was evaluated using a questionnaire for the self-evaluation of PA (IPAQ-long form). The research included students of the Faculty of Philosophy, Faculty of Economics, Faculty of Law and Faculty of Electronic Engineering of the University of Niš (n=109; age: 22±0.6 months). A significant difference was determined in the level of PA among the students of the University of Niš (p=0.000). However, differences in PA during leisure time have not been determined (p=0.109). One of the reasons is the active leisure time of the student population, which through sports activities compensates for the lack of PE classes at the faculties in question.Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se utvrdi razlika u nivou fizičke aktivnosti (FA) studenata četiri fakulteta Univerziteta u Nišu. Predmet istraživanja je studentska populacija čiji nastavni programi ne uključuju časove fizičkog vaspitanju (FV) na Univerzitetu bez uključenih nastavnih programa nastave FV. U proceni nivoa fizičke aktivnosti  korišćen je upitnik za samovrednovanje fizičke aktivnosti (IPAQ-duža verzija). Istraživanje je obuhvatalo studente Filozofskog, Ekonomskog, Pravnog i Elektronskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Nišu (n=109; starost: 22±0.6 meseci). Utvrđena je značajna razlika u nivou FA među studentima Univerziteta u Nišu (p=0.000). Međutim, razlike u FA  tokom  slobodnog  vremena nisu utvrđene (p=0.109). Jedan od razloga je aktivno provođenje slobodnog vremena studentske populacije, koja sportskim aktivnostima nadoknađuje nedostatak FV  na fakultetima

Fluoroquinolone-resistant Achromobacter xylosoxidans clinical isolates from Serbia: high prevalence of the aac-(6)-Ib-cr gene among resistant isolates

The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of plasmid-mediated genes and efflux to fluoroquinolone resistance in collection of Achromobacter spp. gathered during a 3-year period. Susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin was tested by disk diffusion and microdilution tests for a collection of 98 Achromobacter spp. clinical isolates. Identification of fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates was performed by sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of the nrdA gene. Genetic relatedness among resistant isolates was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. The influence of an H+ conductor cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP) and a resistance-nodulation-division-type efflux pump inhibitor phenylalanine-arginine beta-naphthylamide (PAN) on minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was evaluated by broth microdilution. The presence of the plasmid-mediated qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrS, and aac-(6)-Ib-cr genes was investigated by PCR and sequencing. Achromobacter spp. isolates that were resistant or intermediately resistant to fluoroquinolones in disk diffusion tests (44/98) were subjected to microdilution. As a result, 20/98 isolates were confirmed to be resistant to ciprofloxacin while 10/98 was resistant to levofloxacin. CCCP decreased twofold MIC value for ciprofloxacin in six isolates and more than 16 times in one isolate, while MIC value for levofloxacin was decreased in all isolates (twofold to more than eightfold). Fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates were identified as A. xylosoxidans with the nrdA gene sequencing. PFGE revealed that resistant isolates belonged to seven different genotypes. Ten isolates belonging to four genotypes were positive for the aac-(6)-Ib-cr gene. Although resistance to fluoroquinolones was not widespread among analyzed isolates, detected contribution of efflux pumps and the presence of the aac-(6)-Ib-cr gene present a platform for emergence of more resistant strains

Fluoroquinolone-resistant Achromobacter xylosoxidans clinical isolates from Serbia: high prevalence of the aac-(6)-Ib-cr gene among resistant isolates

The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of plasmid-mediated genes and efflux to fluoroquinolone resistance in collection of Achromobacter spp. gathered during a 3-year period. Susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin was tested by disk diffusion and microdilution tests for a collection of 98 Achromobacter spp. clinical isolates. Identification of fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates was performed by sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of the nrdA gene. Genetic relatedness among resistant isolates was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. The influence of an H+ conductor cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP) and a resistance-nodulation-division-type efflux pump inhibitor phenylalanine-arginine beta-naphthylamide (PAN) on minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was evaluated by broth microdilution. The presence of the plasmid-mediated qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrS, and aac-(6)-Ib-cr genes was investigated by PCR and sequencing. Achromobacter spp. isolates that were resistant or intermediately resistant to fluoroquinolones in disk diffusion tests (44/98) were subjected to microdilution. As a result, 20/98 isolates were confirmed to be resistant to ciprofloxacin while 10/98 was resistant to levofloxacin. CCCP decreased twofold MIC value for ciprofloxacin in six isolates and more than 16 times in one isolate, while MIC value for levofloxacin was decreased in all isolates (twofold to more than eightfold). Fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates were identified as A. xylosoxidans with the nrdA gene sequencing. PFGE revealed that resistant isolates belonged to seven different genotypes. Ten isolates belonging to four genotypes were positive for the aac-(6)-Ib-cr gene. Although resistance to fluoroquinolones was not widespread among analyzed isolates, detected contribution of efflux pumps and the presence of the aac-(6)-Ib-cr gene present a platform for emergence of more resistant strains