Effect of phytofortifiers and other products on the growth and metabolism of horticultural crops

Traballo fin de grao (UDC.CIE). Bioloxía. Curso 2016/2017[Resumen] En este estudio se evaluó el efecto del producto Manvert Sulphos ® en el cultivo de plantas de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.). Manvert Sulphos ® es una solución nitrogenada con un alto contenido en azufre, cuya acción principal consiste en nutrir y fortalecer la planta, aunque de forma secundaria también puede mejorar la defensa de la planta ante patógenos e inducir la resistencia de la planta mediante la activación de sus defensas naturales. Para determinar los efectos y la eficacia del producto se estudiaron los siguientes parámetros en plantas tratadas y control: peso fresco, peso seco y peso de cenizas, actividad fotosintética, contenido de proteínas totales y medida de la actividad peroxidasa y concentración de pigmentos fotosintéticos y compuestos fenólicos. Una vez estudiados estos parámetros se pudo observar que existían diferencias significativas en el peso fresco y peso seco de las plantas y en algunos parámetros de la actividad fotosintética. Estos resultados sugieren que el producto Manvert Sulphos ® tuvo efectos en procesos del metabolismo primario de la planta.[Resumo] Neste estudo evaluouse o efecto do producto Manvert Sulphos ® no cultivo de plantas de leituga (Lactuca sativa L.). Manvert Sulphos ® é una solución nitroxenada cun alto contido de xofre, cuxo principal efecto é nutrir e fortalecer a planta, aínda que de maneira secundaria tamén pode mellorar a defensa da planta ante patóxenos e inducir a resistencia da planta mediante a activación das súas defensas naturais. Para determinar os efectos e a eficacia do producto estudiáronse os seguintes parámetros en plantas tratadas e control: peso fresco, peso seco e peso de cenizas, actividade fotosintética, contenido de proteínas totales e medida da actividade peroxidasa e concentración de pigmentos fotosintéticos e compostos fenólicos. Unha vez estudados estos parámetros púidose observar que existían diferenzas significativas no peso fresco e seco das plantas e nalgúns parámetros da actividade fotosintética. Istos resultados suxiren que o producto Manvert Sulphos ® tivo efectos en procesos do metabolismo primario da planta.[Abstract] In this study it has been evaluated the effect of the product Manvert Sulphos ® on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). The product Manvert Sulphos ® is a nitrogenous solution with a high content of sulfur, whose main action is nourishing and strengthening the plant, although secondarily it can also improve the defense of the plant against pathogens and induce the resistance of the plant through the activation of their natural defenses. To determine the effects and efficacy of the product the following parameters were studied in treated and control plants: fresh weight, dry weight and ash weight, photosynthetic activity, total protein content and measurement of peroxidase activity and concentration of photosynthetic pigments and phenolic compounds. Once these parameters were studied, it was observed that there were significant differences in the fresh weight and dry weight of the plants and in some parameters of the photosynthetic activity. These results suggest that the product Manvert Sulphos ® had effects on the processes of the primary metabolism of the plant

Contemporary use of cefazolin for MSSA infective endocarditis: analysis of a national prospective cohort

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the real use of cefazolin for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infective endocarditis (IE) in the Spanish National Endocarditis Database (GAMES) and to compare it with antistaphylococcal penicillin (ASP). Methods: Prospective cohort study with retrospective analysis of a cohort of MSSA IE treated with cloxacillin and/or cefazolin. Outcomes assessed were relapse; intra-hospital, overall, and endocarditis-related mortality; and adverse events. Risk of renal toxicity with each treatment was evaluated separately. Results: We included 631 IE episodes caused by MSSA treated with cloxacillin and/or cefazolin. Antibiotic treatment was cloxacillin, cefazolin, or both in 537 (85%), 57 (9%), and 37 (6%) episodes, respectively. Patients treated with cefazolin had significantly higher rates of comorbidities (median Charlson Index 7, P <0.01) and previous renal failure (57.9%, P <0.01). Patients treated with cloxacillin presented higher rates of septic shock (25%, P = 0.033) and new-onset or worsening renal failure (47.3%, P = 0.024) with significantly higher rates of in-hospital mortality (38.5%, P = 0.017). One-year IE-related mortality and rate of relapses were similar between treatment groups. None of the treatments were identified as risk or protective factors. Conclusion: Our results suggest that cefazolin is a valuable option for the treatment of MSSA IE, without differences in 1-year mortality or relapses compared with cloxacillin, and might be considered equally effective