STRATÉGIES DE RÉSILIENCE DU SYSTÈME SANITAIRE IVOIRIEN EN SITUATION DE CRISE ARMÉE : LE CAS DE LA VILLE DE BOUAKÉ.

The military crisis experienced by Côte d'Ivoire has weakened the health system, especially in the area occupied by the rebellion. Our goal here is to show impact strength strategies developed by health actors in Bouaké during the period from 2002 to 2007. A semi-structured interview guide was addressed to representatives of official structures, international and national NGOs which have intervened in the field of health during this period. An interview guide was also addressed to people who have had health problems during the period indicated. These tools have been reinforced by the documentation. It arises from the investigations that facing the failure of the medical system of the Ivory Coast, one attended the emergence of new actors who are ONG international. While offering services of care, they also reinforced the capacities of the local structures (official and ONG main roads) in average equipment, equipment, financial, drugs, formations, etc. By relaying the official structures these new actors placed the emphasis on collaboration, solidarity, the recruitment of staff, the formation, the selection of the activities, the extrinsic motivation, the installation of a mobile private clinic, the orientation of the patients towards the governmental area and the use of the air routes to meet the medical needs for the populations. As for the populations, they had the choice between the recourse to the offers of care of the new actors, self medication and the recourse to the tradipraticians of health. These actions fall under the process of impact strength expressible as regards protection, prevention, promotion and transformation

Stratégies De Maintien Des ONG Locales En Côte d’Ivoire : Cas Des ONG OEuvrant Dans Le Domaine De L’eau, L’hygiène Et L’assainissement Dans La Zone Duekoué-Guiglo

Local NGOs working in the field of health and specifically the preventive encounter many difficulties. To survive, they use various strategies. Our goal is to show the strategies used by these players to stay on the field. Through a qualitative study, we administered an interview guide for managers and field staff of these organizations. The data collected showed that the actors of local NGOs carry out protection strategies, prevention, promotion and transformation

STRATÉGIES DE RÉSILIENCE DU SYSTÈME SANITAIRE IVOIRIEN EN SITUATION DE CRISE ARMÉE : LE CAS DE LA VILLE DE BOUAKÉ.

The military crisis experienced by Côte d'Ivoire has weakened the health system, especially in the area occupied by the rebellion. Our goal here is to show impact strength strategies developed by health actors in Bouaké during the period from 2002 to 2007. A semi-structured interview guide was addressed to representatives of official structures, international and national NGOs which have intervened in the field of health during this period. An interview guide was also addressed to people who have had health problems during the period indicated. These tools have been reinforced by the documentation. It arises from the investigations that facing the failure of the medical system of the Ivory Coast, one attended the emergence of new actors who are ONG international. While offering services of care, they also reinforced the capacities of the local structures (official and ONG main roads) in average equipment, equipment, financial, drugs, formations, etc. By relaying the official structures these new actors placed the emphasis on collaboration, solidarity, the recruitment of staff, the formation, the selection of the activities, the extrinsic motivation, the installation of a mobile private clinic, the orientation of the patients towards the governmental area and the use of the air routes to meet the medical needs for the populations. As for the populations, they had the choice between the recourse to the offers of care of the new actors, self medication and the recourse to the tradipraticians of health. These actions fall under the process of impact strength expressible as regards protection, prevention, promotion and transformation

Sciage De Rebuts De Tectona Grandis L. F. (Teck)

Les rebuts de billons de teck abandonnés dans les parcelles après exploitation, sont taxés de faibles diamètres et de faible rendement au sciage. Le travail réalisé vise à montrer la similitude de ces valeurs entre les rebuts et les billons de premier choix. Sept cent (700) rebuts de billons de teck de 24 ans, sélectionnés en zone de forêt dense semi-décidue, ont été cubés et sciés en usine avec un plateau technique adapté aux bois de petits diamètres. Les résultats obtenus montrent que les diamètres moyens des rebuts de billons étudiés sont faibles et gravitent autour de la classe 15/19 cm à 37%, autour de la classe 20/24 cm à 44% (majoritaire), autour de la classe 25/29 cm à 15% et autour de la classe 30/34 cm à seulement 3%. Ces valeurs, bien que faibles, sont du même ordre de grandeur que celles des billons de premier choix de même âge ou d’âge proche. Le rendement brut sciage obtenu est de 38,12% qui est faible mais également similaire à celui des billons de teck de premier choix. Ce rendement chute de 4 à 7% en éliminant l’aubier pour améliorer la qualité des débités. Les rebuts de billons de teck présentent des diamètres et des rendements sciages faibles mais similaires à ceux des billons de premier choix. Les quantités abandonnées dans les parcelles prenant de plus en plus de l’ampleur, les rebuts offrent ainsi une bonne opportunité de valorisation de matière première à l’échelle industrielle par un plateau technique fixe ou mobile. Discarded teak logs in post-harvest plots are taxed with small diameters and low sawing yield. The work carried out aims to show the similarity of these values between the rejects and the logs of first choice. Seven hundred rejects of 24-year-old teak logs, selected in semi-deciduous dense forest zone, were cubed and sawed at the factory with a technical platform adapted to small diameter woods.The results obtained show that the average diameters of the discarded teak logs studied are low and revolve around the 15/19 cm class at 37%, around the 20/24 cm class at 44% (majority), around the 25/29 cm class at 15% and around the class 30/34 cm at only 3%. These values, although low, are of the same order of magnitude as those of firstgrade logs of the same age or near age.The gross sawing yield obtained is 38.12% which is low but also similar to that of the first choice teak logs. This yield drops by 4 to 7% by eliminating the sapwood to improve the quality of the sawn timber. Discarded teak logs have low lumber diameters and yields, but are similar to those of high grade logs. The quantities left in the plotstaking more and more scale, the rejects thus offer a good opportunity for raw material valorization on an industrial scale by a fixed or mobile technical platform

Washington Consensus Reforms and Economic Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa: Lessons From the Past Four Decades

Over three decades after market-oriented structural reforms, termed ``Washington consensus" policies, were first implemented, we revisit the evidence on policy adoption and the effects of these policies on socio-economic performance in sub-Saharan African countries. We focus on three key ubiquitous reform policies around privatization, fiscal discipline, and trade openness and document significant improvements in economic performance for reformers over the past two decades. Following initial declines in per capita economic growth over the 1980s and 1990s, reform adopters experienced notable increases in per capita real GDP growth in the post 2000 period. We complement aggregate analysis with four country case studies that highlight important lessons for effective reform. Notably, the ability to implement pro-poor policies alongside market oriented reforms played a central role in successful policy performance

Former Botanical Garden of ORSTOM (Côte d’Ivoire): What Remain after Thirty Years of Abandonment and Forest Restoration

Botanical gardens represent important places for ex situ conservation. One of these botanical gardens has been abandoned in Côte d’Ivoire for 30 years. This is the former botanical garden of ORSTOM. This study was conducted to determine the level of diversity of this former garden in order to assess the opportunity for its rehabilitation. The authors carried out inventories in 18 quadrats of 500 m2 through the vegetation to collect woody species. Dendrometric measurements (height, diameter) were also recorded to assess the structure of the site. A total of 190 species have been identified. They belong to 141 genera and 47 families. This former botanical garden contains important species because of their origin, status or particularity (threatened, endemic, rarity, etc.). A total of 19 threatened species including 2 endangered and west African endemic (Chrysophyllum azaguieanum J. Miège, Placodiscus pseudostipularis) were found at the site. Also, Chrysophyllum azaguieanum is declared extinct from Côte d’Ivoire. Four species are rare in the flora of Côte d’Ivoire: Balanites wilsoniana, Chrysophyllum azaguieanum, Gilletiodendron kisantuense and Loesenera kalantha. The most abundant species is Hopea odorata. Although this introduced species is considered globally vulnerable, it presents a risk of invasion in the forest of Côte d’Ivoire. The diameter and height structures show that all the stages of development are presented indicating a good regeneration on the site. Ultimately, this botanical garden deserves to be rehabilitated and especially urgent management of Hopea odorata is needed to prevent an invasion of this species

Influence Du Mode De Culture Du Maïs [Zea Mays (L.) (Poaceae)] Et Du Niébé [Vigna Unguiculata (L.) Walp (Fabaceae)] Sur La Masse Et La Qualité Nutritionnelle Des Graines Des Deux Espèces

Cowpea cultivars C1, C2 and C3 were intercropped with maize in intraline pattern (MND); inter-line pattern (1M1C) and strip-intercropping (2M4C) to determine influence of the cultivation method on the mass of 100 seeds and the nutritional quality of the seeds. Pure maize and cowpea crops were used as control plots. One hundred (100) seeds mass and nutrient content of maize and cowpea seed was determined. The results showed that 100 seeds mass (22,59g in 2015 and 21,03g in 2016) and the highest level of protein (9,87g in 2015 and 11,13g in 2016) maize seeds have been obtained with MC1I. Phosphorus levels were higher with maize seeds from sole maize fertilized MV+P (0,27g in 2015 and 0,25g in 2016). However the 2M4C1 intercropping 2M4C1 (0,24g in 2015 and 0,23 in 2016), 2M4N3 (0,24g in 2015 and 0,25g in 2016) and 1M1C3 (0,24g in 2015 and 0,24g in 2016) may be recommended for their phosphorus content in maize seeds. The 2M4C1 intercropping (12,29g in 2015 et 13,05g in 2016) expressed the highest mass of 100 seeds of cowpea. Intercropping using 2M4C3 can be recommended for improved fat content (1,27g in 2015 and 1,38g in 2016) and phosphorus (200,36g in 2015 and 200,33g in 2016) in cowpea seeds

Influence of Reproductive Rhythm and Weaning Age on Fertility and Body Condition of Local Breed Does in the District of Abidjan

The objective of this study is to evaluate the reproductive performance of locally bred rabbits by comparing the production of females mated 11 days postpartum (semi-intensive R42) with those mated 25 days postpartum (extensive rhythm R56). Females are naturally protruding.120 rabbits selected from a private farm in Bingerville in the district of Abidjan were followed during the experiment. Receptivity and gestation rates were not significantly influenced (p>0.05) by the reproductive rhythm in the breeding females. Fertility in multiparous females showed a higher rate in the extensive rhythm (89-100%). The semi-intensive rhythm had the highest stillbirth rate (5.6%) and pre-weaning morbidity (14.03%). However, after weaning, morbidity was higher in bunnies in the extensive rhythm (13.6%). In the extensive rhythm, the highest values were observed for the number of weaned bunnies and the survival rate of breeding females. The extensive rhythm significantly increases the longevity of does with a high mortality rate of bunny rabbits. These results could be indicators for further investigation in the search for an optimum rate of rabbit reproduction

Foresight Africa: Top Priorities for the Continent 2020-2030

The new year 2020 marks the beginning of a promising decade for Africa. Through at least the first half of the decade, economic growth across Africa will continue to outperform that of other regions, with the continent continuing to be home to seven of the world's 10 fastest-growing economies. Collective action among African and global policymakers to improve the livelihoods of all under the blueprint of the Sustainable Development Goals and the African Union's Agenda 2063 is representative of the shared energy and excitement around Africa's potential. With business environments improving, regional integration centered around the African Continental Free Trade Agreement progressing, and the transformational technologies of Fourth Industrial Revolution spreading, never before has the region been better primed for trade, investment, and mutually beneficial partnerships. The recent, unprecedented interest of an increasingly diversified group of external partners for engagement with Africa highlights this potential. Despite the continent's promise, though, obstacles to success linger, as job creation still has not caught up with the growing youth labor force, gaps in good and inclusive governance remain, and climate change as well as state fragility threaten to reverse the hard-fought-for gains of recent decades.This special edition of Foresight Africa highlights the triumphs of past years as well as strategies from our experts to tackle forthcoming, but surmountable, obstacles to a prosperous continent by 2030