Area-Level Variation in Children’s Unmet Need for Community-Based Mental Health Services: Findings from the 2014 Ontario Child Health Study

There is limited empirical evidence documenting the magnitude and correlates of area-level variability in unmet need for children’s mental health services. Research is needed that identifies area-level characteristics that can inform strategies for reducing unmet need in the population. The study purpose is to: (1) estimate area-level variation in children’s unmet need for mental health services (using Service Areas as defined by the Ontario Ministry of Children and Youth Services), and (2) identify area-level service arrangements, and geographic and population characteristics associated with unmet need. Using individual-level general population data, area-level government administrative data and Census data from Ontario, Canada, we use multilevel regression models to analyze unmet need for mental health services among children (level 1) nested within Service Areas (level 2). The study finds that 1.64% of the reliable variance in unmet need for mental health services is attributable to between-area differences. Across areas, we find that Service Areas with more agencies had a lower likelihood of unmet need for mental health services. Compared to other Service Areas, Toronto had much lower likelihood of unmet need compared to the rest of Ontario. Rural areas, areas with unsatisfactory public transport, and areas with higher levels of socio-economic disadvantage had a higher likelihood of unmet need for mental health services. These findings identify challenges in service provision that researchers, policymakers and administrators in children’s mental health services need to better understand. Policy implications and potential Service Area strategies that could address equitable access to mental health services are discussed

Sparse spectral-tau method for the three-dimensional helically reduced wave equation on two-center domains

We describe a multidomain spectral-tau method for solving the three-dimensional helically reduced wave equation on the type of two-center domain that arises when modeling compact binary objects in astrophysical applications. A global two-center domain may arise as the union of Cartesian blocks, cylindrical shells, and inner and outer spherical shells. For each such subdomain, our key objective is to realize certain (differential and multiplication) physical-space operators as matrices acting on the corresponding set of modal coefficients. We achieve sparse banded realizations through the integration "preconditioning" of Coutsias, Hagstrom, Hesthaven, and Torres. Since ours is the first three-dimensional multidomain implementation of the technique, we focus on the issue of convergence for the global solver, here the alternating Schwarz method accelerated by GMRES. Our methods may prove relevant for numerical solution of other mixed-type or elliptic problems, and in particular for the generation of initial data in general relativity.Comment: 37 pages, 3 figures, 12 table

The British economy [August 1986]

External events have had a considerable impact on the UK economy. In line with developments elsewhere, UK growth has slowed, interest rates have been reduced and the inflation rate has fallen. However, underlying inflationary pressures in the UK continue to operate with relatively rapid growth of average earnings and substantial growth of private sector liquidity

The world economy [November 1986]

Recent developments in the UK economy suggest that the slowdown of growth in 1985 may only have been a temporary phenomenon. External events are continuing to play a significant role. Yet it is the trends within the domestic economy that are a major source of unease. Underlying inflationary pressures continue to operate via the relatively fast growth in average earnings, low productivity growth, the growth of private sector liquidity and the recent significant decrease in the value of sterling. An increase in the growth of non-oil imports adds to fears for the current account of the balance of payments. Perceptions of uncertainty in Government policy particularly towards the exchange rate are a continuing cause for concern

The Scottish economy [August 1986]

With the inauguration of the quarterly Scottish Business Survey (SBS) in September 1984 there are not two regular up-to-date indicators of trends in the Scottish industrial sector. The combination of the new survey and the long-standing CBI Industrial Trends Survey provides a comprehensive assessment of trends in Scottish industry. The two data sources are essentially complementary, but there are important differences between them

The British economy [November 1986]

Recent developments in the UK economy suggest that the slowdown of growth in 1985 may only have been a temporary phenomenon. External events are continuing to play a significant role. Yet it is the trends within the domestic economy that are a major source of unease. Underlying inflationary pressures continue to operate via the relatively fast growth in average earnings, low productivity growth, the growth of private sector liquidity and the recent significant decrease in the value of sterling. An increase in the growth of non-oil imports adds to fears for the current account of the balance of payments. Perceptions of uncertainty in Government policy particularly towards the exchange rate are a continuing cause for concern

The British economy [May 1986]

Since the last quarter of 1985 developments in the UK economy have been dominated by the sharp falls in oil prices. With UK interest rates high by international standards and the weakness of the US dollar there has, however, been no repetition of a sterling crisis on the scale of that in January 1985. The most immediate impact of the lower oil prices was felt in terms of the Chancellor's limited scope for income tax reductions in the March Budget. On balance, the UK will benefit in the medium term as a consequence of the stimulus given by lower oil prices to international trade and the depreciation of sterling against the major European currencies

The world economy [May 1986]

Developments in the first part of 1986 continue to be dominated by the sharp fall in the price of oil and the deceleration of the US economy. With the lack of agreement on pricing and output policy among OPEC members the outlook for oil markets remains uncertain. The present low oil prices provide benefits to oil - importing countries in the form of falls in industrial costs and improvements in trade balances. In the short-run it may have also helped trigger reductions in interest rates. The longer OPEC fails to exercise effective control over oil markets, the greater these benefits will be. However, while there is the resulting possibility of growth without the usual inflationary consequences, the world economy remains characterised by major imbalances