The Regulation of Private Health Funding and Insurance in Alberta Under the Canada Health Act: A Comparative Cross-Provincial Perspective

The range of options for provincial regulation of private funding and private insurance for health services under the Canada Health Act (CHA) is much wider than conventionally thought. While provinces tend to be considerably more restrictive than required by the CHA, existing legislation across the Canadian provinces presents a wide and varied menu for reform in the funding of health services. Given this, other factors including provincial public opinion appear to more significantly constrain reform than the CHA. The paper considers these issues with a focus on Alberta -- a province often seen to stand at the forefront of health care reform in Canada

Cold Tolerance of each life stage of the sub-alpine willow leaf beetle, Chrysomela aeneicollis

To understand the potential effects of climate change on the sub-alpine willow leaf beetle, the cold tolerance strategy and mechanisms involved in cold tolerance were investigated for all life stages. Microhabitat choice and microclimate temperatures within each microhabitat were related to median lethal temperature for each life stage. Summer active and quiescent adults are freeze tolerant, eggs and pupae are freeze avoidant and all larval stages are chill susceptible. Quiescent adults accumulated the highest concentration of glycerol (~24 mM) and haemolymph osmolality (875 mOsm). Haemolymph from pupae had angular crystals suggestive of antifreeze agent activity, but this was absent in the haemolymph of other life stages. Quiescent adults must move to a thermally buffered microhabitat in the soil to survive the winter in the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California. Low temperatures beyond the limits of the cold tolerance of the willow leaf beetle occur often at the mid-willow, but the quiescent adults are protected from these cold exposures in the soil beneath the willow. Overall, the willow leaf beetle uses both behavioural avoidance strategies and physiological mechanisms to survive cold exposures in its habitat

PSYCHOLOGICAL CONDITION OF GRIEVING FAMILY MEMBERS AND THEIR RESOCIALIZATION

Abstract. Introduction. Personal development in competitive and adverseconditions gives us plenty of examples that show negative behavior andincapability of making peace between nations. The situation in the world todayconfirms the previous statement, Ukraine suffers more than many other countriesbecause of the powerful neighbor from the East who forces our country to accepthis conditions. The war in Eastern Ukraine is the consequence of this irrationaland atavistic tendency. We are the victims of the aggravation between twodialectic processes of social activism: disconnection (destructive situations, ATO,loss of a family member, family break up, heightened level of aggression in thecommunity) connection (constructive and creative appearances, adaptation inconditions of forced immigration, posttraumatic growth, resocialization afterovercoming trauma, tendency for reconciliation, personal growth in a newprofession).This is the reality that requires psychological science and practice to find quickand accurate answers because the goal is to save people's mental health in militaryand mobilization conditions.Purpose. The main goal of the research is to generalize the information aboutpsychological features of the people who have experienced loss. Also to spot thestages of women's post-loss resocialization and factors that have a positive impacton that resocialization.Methodology. The authors of this paper made research on the psychologicalfeatures of the people who have experienced loss due to military situation in theEast of Ukraine and who need psychotherapy to help the process ofresocialization. Conclusions. The facts stated in the paper that helped to analyze the situationwere received during work in the period of 2015-2018 at the center of psycho-social rehabilitation at National University of "Kyiv Mohyla Academy". 5370people have addressed to the center to get help during this period. 1414 of themhave gotten individual consultations, 3953 have participated in group therapies