Working Posture Evaluation of Clinical Student in Faculty of Dentistry University of Indonesia for the Scaling Task in Sitting Position in a Virtual Environment

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are global issues in the dental profession. This research evaluated the MSDs risk caused by the sitting working posture of clinical students performing the task of scaling. The evaluation using the virtual environment approach shows risk of MSDs in the students’ upper extremities such as neck, shoulder, and trunk. Further simulation based on the ideal sitting working posture shows that ergonomic scaling could be achieved when the patient sits at a 15° angle. When scaling the 1st and 4th quadrant of the teeth, the 9 o’clock position is used. Hence, the 11 o’clock position is used when scaling the 2nd and 3rd quadrant

Peptone Extraction of Yellow Pike Conger (Congresox Talabon) Processing Waste as a Medium Growth Nutritional Microorganisms

The research was conducted in March-April 2015 in the Laboratory of Fish Processing Technology, Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Riau, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, University of Riau and the Laboratory of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, University of North Sumatra. This study aims to produce peptone from waste yellow pike conger entrails as bacterial nutrients to support the growth of bacteria in the growth medium. Waste yellow pike conger entrails autolysis hydrolysed by activating proteolytic enzymes (pepsin) in the stomach of fish using 12 N HCl at pH (1,2,3 and 4) the hydrolysis temperature 40oC for 24 hours to determine the optimum hydrolysis conditions. The optimum hydrolysis conditions of waste yellow pike conger entrails occurs at pH 3, the temperature of 40oC hydrolysis with hydrolysis time of 24 hours, the solution was centrifuged extract peptone hydrolysis and then dried with a freeze dryer. The results showed peptone fish entrails have cunang content of 79.06% protein content; total nitrogen 12.66%; free α-amino nitrogen 1.97%; the ratio AN / TN 15.56%; water content of 5.43% and 93.03% solubility in water. Growth of test bacteria Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 and Staphylococcus aereus 6538 showed peptone yellow pike conger entrails can be used as a nutrient growth of bacteria on the growth medium

Work System Improvement of Evacuation Process Conducted by Emergency Medical Technicians Using Virtual Environment Modeling

The work of emergency medical technicians (EMT) during patient evacuation involves lifting task in an emergency situation, which results in the increasing risk of musculoskeletal disorders such as low back pain. The purpose of this research was to investigate the workplace and ergonomic aspect that influence work posture of the EMT using simulation approach in a virtual environment. Biomechanic model (mannequin) of the EMT had been simulated and analyzed by using LBA and OWAS method. The mannequin was given an improvement based on ergonomic principle of manual lifting task and then was reanalyzed. Improvement that can be used for the work system of the evacuation process conducted by EMT considering its nature situation is the work posture of personnel during the process of lifting the patient into the stretcher. The technique that can be used is the proper lifting techniques. The results of this research can be used as a recommendation to the work system of the EMT

Analisis Ergonomi Industri Garmen Dengan Posture Evaluation Index Pada Virtual Environment

Ergonomic  Analysis  of  Garment  Industry  using  Posture  Evaluation Index  (PEI)  in  Virtual  Environment.  This research tried to study, in a virtual environment, the ergonomics of four divisions in garment industry: cutting division, sewing division, button division, and finishing division. Variables that influence the working conditions in each division are different; depend on the real situations that happened. The purpose is to assess the real working conditions based on ergonomics  study  using Posture Evaluation Index (PEI). PEI integrates  the scores of  low back analysis (LBA), ovako working  posture  (OWAS),  and  rapid  upper  limb assessment  (RULA).  Analysis  phase  was  done  using  digital  human model  in  virtual  environment  that  available  on  Jack  6.0.  The  results show  that  the  working  conditions  in  garment industry had enough amount of risk that can injured the musculoskeletal system of the workers. This research enriches the  body  of  ergonomics  knowledge  in Indonesia  because  it  is  the  first  research  in  Indonesia that  applied  virtual environment approach to ergonomics analysis in industry. &nbsp

Construction of Recombinant Plasmid PcDNA3.1/BMP-2 and Its Involvement in Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp-Derived Cells Into an Odontoblastic Lineage

Experimental studies have shown that dental pulp tissue has potential to regenerate dentine in response to adverse stimuli, such as caries and associated operative procedures. However, the potential of dental pulp regeneration seems to be limited by regenerative capacity of the cell involved. In this study, we report the effect of transfection of a recombinant plasmid containing human BMP-2 gene in proliferation and differentiation of dental pulp tissue in vitro. The regenerative capacity was analyzed by ALP production and calcium content. Results showed that the transfected dental pulp cell was able to differentiate into the odontoblast phenotype, indicating the presence of odontoblast progentitor cells in dental pulp tissue

Analisis Ergonomi Sepeda UI Dengan Metode Posture Evaluation Index (Pei) Dalam Virtual Environment

Ergonomic Analysis of UI Bicycle Using Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) Method in Virtual Environment. Thisresearch was conducted to study ergonomic aspect from University of Indonesia bicycle in virtual environment.Software Jack 6.0 was used to analyze it. PEI was used as approach that integrated the results of three methods: LowerBack Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis, and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. The research objective is toevaluate existing design of University of Indonesia bicycle and to determine the most ergonomic redesign whichconcern with handlebar height and saddle height modification. The result showed that the most ergonomic design ofUniversity of Indonesia bicycle is the one with the highest handlebar height (22 cm) and the lowest saddle height (11cm)

Aerosol dynamics simulations on the connection of sulphuric acid and new particle formation

International audienceWe have performed a series of simulations with an aerosol dynamics box model to study the connection between new particle formation and sulphuric acid concentration. For nucleation either activation mechanism with a linear dependence on the sulphuric acid concentration or ternary H2O-H2SO4-NH3 nucleation was assumed. We investigated the factors that affect the sulphuric acid dependence during the early stages of particle growth, and tried to find conditions which would yield the linear dependence between the particle number concentration at 3?6 nm and sulphuric acid, as observed in field experiments. The simulations showed that the correlation with sulphuric acid may change during the growth from nucleation size to 3?6 nm size range, the main reason being the size dependent growth rate between 1 and 3 nm. In addition, the assumed size for the nucleated clusters had a crucial impact on the sulphuric acid dependence at 3 nm. The simulations yielded a linear dependence between the particle number concentration at 3 nm and sulphuric acid, when a low saturation vapour pressure for the condensable organic vapour was assumed, or when nucleation took place at ~2 nm instead of ~1 nm. Comparison of results with activation and ternary nucleation showed that ternary nucleation cannot explain the experimentally observed linear or square dependence on sulphuric acid