Scaling Ecosystem Services to Reef Development : Effects of oyster density on nitrogen removal and reef community structure

Eighteen native oyster experimental reefs (16-m2 each) were restored using six oyster densities (0, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 250 adult oysters m-2) with three replicates of each density at each of two sites: one subtidal site in Onancock Creek, Virginia and one intertidal site in Hillcrest Oyster Sanctuary within The Nature Conservancy’s Virginia Coast Reserve. A science-based monitoring program explored quantitative relationships between structural and functional characteristics of these restored reefs. Structural parameters examined included oyster abundance, oyster size/biomass, surface shell volume, reef topographic complexity and sediment characteristics. Functional parameters included denitrification rates and macrofaunal abundance and biomass. Data were collected from the intertidal site during six sampling periods between April 2012 and July 2013 and from the subtidal site in April and June 2012. Relationships between reef structural parameters and functional parameters were complex and variable. As of July 2014, the intertidal reefs continue to serve as a platform for continued studies of the relationships between reef structural and functional characteristics

Scaling Ecosystem Services to Reef Development : Effects of oyster density on nitrogen removal and reef community structure

A final report to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Chesapeake Bay Office.Eighteen native oyster experimental reefs (16-m2 each) were restored using six oyster densities (0, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 250 adult oysters m-2) with three replicates of each density at each of two sites: one subtidal site in Onancock Creek, Virginia and one intertidal site in Hillcrest Oyster Sanctuary within The Nature Conservancy’s Virginia Coast Reserve. A science-based monitoring program explored quantitative relationships between structural and functional characteristics of these restored reefs. Structural parameters examined included oyster abundance, oyster size/biomass, surface shell volume, reef topographic complexity and sediment characteristics. Functional parameters included denitrification rates and macrofaunal abundance and biomass. Data were collected from the intertidal site during six sampling periods between April 2012 and July 2013 and from the subtidal site in April and June 2012. Relationships between reef structural parameters and functional parameters were complex and variable. As of July 2014, the intertidal reefs continue to serve as a platform for continued studies of the relationships between reef structural and functional characteristics.NA11NMF457022

Project teaming in a democratic company context

© 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Teaming in democracy generates knowledge, the raw material for innovation, the catalyst for development, progress and extroversion. Democratic teaming, rather than teaming per se, provides people with the space needed to speak and be heard, to give and share, to contribute and to co-evolve in a cooperative and non-competitive way. Democratic teaming belongs to applied philosophy, not applied management, generating added-value for organisations and a shared value for the society. The democratic teaming model is characterised by the principles of placing the right person in the right place at the right time and with the right scope. The model also presents the concept that teams have systemic, dynamic and agile structures, which are affected by the project they are called to serve, within organisationally lean and agile hierarchies for the maximum utilisation of employees’ intellectual capital. This paper presents the democratic teaming construct, concepts and approach within the company democracy model