48 research outputs found

    Guides optiques infrarouges pour la détection du CO2

    Get PDF
    session affiches A7 " Instrumentation, Caractérisation et Capteurs " [A7.1]National audienceL'équipe Verres et Céramiques développe des fibres optiques originales qui sont à la base de la réalisation de capteur optique opérant dans l'infrarouge. L'intérêt et le potentiel de ces capteurs ont été démontrés dans des domaines variés, notamment en biologie et en médecine. L'objet de ce travail consiste à exploiter ce savoir faire pour réaliser des guides optiques permettant la détection et le monitoring du CO2. Des premiers résultats ont été obtenus en transmission classique entre deux fibres infrarouges. Ils ont montré qu'il est possible de détecter jusqu'à 0.5% de CO2. L'objectif actuel est d'améliorer la sensibilité de détection au dioxyde de carbone par une augmentation de la surface de contact gaz-fibre, en utilisant des fibres microstructurées. Une autre voie consiste à fabriquer des guides planaires qui nous permettent d'envisager, à terme, la réalisation de micro-composants optiques en verre de chalcogénure avec une robustesse et une compacité accrue

    Réalisation d'un capteur à fibre optique infrarouge pour la détection des polluants dans les eaux usées

    No full text
    International audienceInfrared optical fibers based on chalcogenides are investigated to optimize their transmission in the infrared optical range and they are used for in situ detection of pollutant in groundwater. The pilot scale measurements proved that a Te2As3Se5 (TAS) glass fiber permits access to the absorption line positions of classic pollutants like tetrachloroethylene or dichlorobenzene. Moreover, it has been shown that the original design of the fiber enables detection of weak concentrations of pollutants down to 1 ppm. The experiments led in "real world" conditions proved that such a sensor is able to discriminate simultaneously several pollutants and permit to follow the general evolution of their concentration versus time. Finally, in the future, this technique could become an alternative method to the classical chromatography analyses, avoiding then the withdrawals.Des fibres optiques originales, transparentes dans l'infrarouge, sont développées au laboratoire à partir de verres de chalcogénures appartenant au système ternaire Te, As, Se. L'objectif de ce travail est de montrer le potentiel de telles fibres en tant que capteurs optiques pour analyser les polluants dans les eaux usées. Pour cela des campagnes de mesures ont été réalisées en aquifère artificiel et naturel en utilisant le tétrachloréthylène et le dichlorobenzène comme polluant. Il a été montré que la sensibilité du capteur est de l'ordre du ppm (1 mg.L-1) et qu'un suivi d'évolution de concentrations au cours du temps est envisageable in situ, sans prélèvement ni conditionnement

    Le socio-manager : sociologies pour une pratique managériale

    No full text
    Prix Manpower de l'ouvrage RHNational audienceLes responsables d'équipe, et plus particulièrement les ingénieurs et techniciens, sont souvent peu préparés au "facteur humain" dans les organisations. Ils connaissent des difficultés lorsqu'ils sont confrontés à des réactions apparemment "irrationnelles" de leurs collaborateurs. Plutôt que de leur fournir des solutions "clés en main", cet ouvrage propose des grilles d'analyse pour comprendre les dimensions sociale et organisationnelle de leur activité. S'appuyant sur les principaux apports de la sociologie du travail et des organisations, il analyse 3 types de situations professionnelles, déclinés en 12 cas fréquents pour les cadres et managers : - Situations courantes de management : communiquer, gérer une équipe, éviter un conflit social, etc. - Management de l'innovation et du changement. - Introduction de nouveaux outils de gestion : qualité totale, knowledge management, ERP, etc. Tout responsable ayant en charge le management d'une équipe y trouvera des clés pour décoder une réalité jamais totalement prévisible et éclairer son action

    Single mode infrared fiber based on Te-As-Se glass System

    No full text
    International audienceCore-clad single-mode optical fibers based on high-purity Tesingle bondAssingle bondSe glasses prepared by chemical and physical methods of purification have been drawn. The "build-in casting" and "rod-in-tube" techniques were used to form the high ratio of core/cladding diameters. The minimal optical losses measured by cut-back method were 0.33 dB/m at 7.5 ÎĽm for Tesingle bondAssingle bondSe glass fiber with core diameter of 20 ÎĽm and cladding diameter of 450 ÎĽm. The optical losses in the spectral range between 9 and 11 ÎĽm were equal to 1-3 dB/m

    Chalcogenide Glass Fibers for Infrared Sensing and Space Optics

    No full text
    International audienceThis review deals with chalcogenide glasses and fibers. Chemical compositions and physical properties are given for specific glasses well suited for fiber drawing. Fabrication techniques of glass perform are described. Single-index and step-index single-mode fibers are characterized in terms of optical losses in the infrared. Examples of applications of chalcogenide fibers are given, as well as optical sensors in the fields of environment, microbiology and health, and as mode-filters for infrared interferometry in space

    A new approach of preform fabrication for chalcogenide fiber

    No full text
    International audienceA new approach is investigated for the fabrication of double index chalcogenide glass fibers. The preform is obtained by an original technique based on "build-in casting" inside a sealed silica container. The two glasses, chosen in the Te– As–Se system, are prepared separately by purification, melting and homogenization of the raw elements under vacuum. The core/clad structure is obtained by using a core composition, which is enriched with tellurium. A strict control of the fabrication parameters allows one to obtain well-defined core/clad diameter ratios. The preform is drawn at 270 °C and coated on line by a protective polymer

    Chalcogenide double index fibers: fabrication, design and applications as chemical sensor

    No full text
    International audienceDouble index chalcogenide fibers, based on tellurium, arsenic, and selenium, have been made by an original technique. This technique, based on the build-in-casting method, is achieved in a sealed silica ampoule. In view of the low attenuation obtained in the mid-infrared (IR), these fibers are used to implement Fiber Evanescent Wave Spectroscopy (FEWS). As the IR light is only propagated through the core of the waveguide, a chemical etching is applied in order to remove the glassy cladding of the sensing zone. IR spectra of ethanol and chloroform, recorded with such sensor, are presented showing the high sensitivity of the method

    New method of preform production for chalcogenide fibres

    No full text
    International audienceDouble index optical fibres based on chalcogenide glasses have been manufactured from preforms designed by an original method. Based on the build-in casting principle, this new process is implemented inside a sealed silica ampoule. The glass compositions Te2.5As3Se4.5 and Te2As3Se5 were chosen as core and cladding, respectively. They are synthesised separately by purification, melting and homogenisation of the raw elements under vacuum. Adjustment of the successive parameters controlling the preform preparation can lead to a ratio of core/cladding diameter ranging from 0.25 to 0.75. Successive improvements in the process allowed a minimum of attenuation to be obtained, measured by the cut-back technique,equal to 1.7 dB/m in the 6.5-9.5 µm spectral domai

    Comparison between chalcogenide glass single index and microstructured exposed-core fibers for chemical sensing

    No full text
    International audienceChemical bonds of most of the molecules vibrate at a frequency corresponding to the near or mid infrared field. It is thus of a great interest to develop sensitive and portable devices for the detection of specific chemicals and biomolecules for various applications in health, environment, security and so on. A microstructured exposed-core (MEC) fiber has been elaborated for the first time. This design consists of a chalcogenide glass optical fiber with a suspended micron-scale core that is partially exposed to the external environment. This configuration has been chosen to elaborate, using the molding method, a chalcogenide fiber for chemical species detection. The sensitivity of this fiber to detect molecules such as acetone and propan-2-ol has been compared with those of single index fibers. Although evanescent wave absorption is inversely proportional to the fiber diameter, the results show that an exposed-core fiber is more sensitive than a single index fiber having a twice smaller diameter
    corecore