6 research outputs found

    Epidemiologia do suicídio no Brasil: Análise temporal entre 1996 e 2019 / Epidemiology of suicide in Brazil: temporal analysis between 1996 and 2019

    Get PDF
    O suicídio é considerado um grave problema de saúde pública que afeta todos os grupos sociais ao redor do mundo. O presente estudo teve por objetivo descrever as taxas de mortalidade por suicídio em regiões e Estados brasileiros entre os anos de 1996 e 2019, relacionando com o índice de renda e de Desenvolvimento Humano. Análise descritiva de dados obtidos junto ao Departamento de Informação do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Entre 1996 e 2019 ocorreram 222.232 suicídios no Brasil. Isso representa uma média de 9.260 mortes anuais, 25 mortes por dia ou 1 morte por hora. Houve diferença significativa entre as regiões brasileiras (F=499,15>F(0,05) = 2,17; p<0,05), sendo que a maior taxa de mortalidade ocorreu na região Sul, com destaque para o Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O município de Sério (RS) apresentou os piores resultados. Além disso, encontramos uma relação significativa desses dados com o IDH (R²=0,18; p=0,02) e o índice de renda (R²=0,16; p=0,03). A região sul do país é a que mais registra óbitos por suicídio. Quanto maior o IDH e o Índice de renda, maiores são as taxas de mortalidade. 

    Cystic fibrosis carriership and tuberculosis: hints toward an evolutionary selective advantage based on data from the Brazilian territory.

    Get PDF
    BACKGROUND: The reason why Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is the most common fatal genetic disease among Caucasians has been incompletely studied. We aimed at deepening the hypothesis that CF carriers have a relative protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. METHODS: Applying spatial epidemiology, we studied the link between CF carriership rate and tuberculosis (TB) incidence in Brazil. We corrected for 5 potential environmental and 2 immunological confounders in this relation: monthly income, sanitary provisions, literacy rates, racial composition and population density along with AIDS incidence rates and diabetes mellitus type 2. Smoking data were incomplete and not available for analysis. RESULTS: A significant, negative correlation between CF carriership rate and TB incidence, independent of any of the seven confounders was found. CONCLUSION: We provide exploratory support for the hypothesis that carrying a single CFTR mutation arms against Mtb infections

    Avaliação da eficácia dos psicoestimulantes na intervenção do TDAH em crianças e adolescentes

    Get PDF
    This article presents a literature review on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents, focusing on the effectiveness of psychostimulants in treating this condition. ADHD is a neurobehavioral condition characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Psychostimulants, such as methylphenidate and amphetamine, are often prescribed for symptom control. This review addresses epidemiological aspects, definition, pathophysiology of the disease and medications, and discusses the results of studies on the effectiveness and safety of psychostimulants. It is concluded that psychostimulants are effective in treating ADHD, but long-term safety issues need to be considered.Este artigo apresenta uma revisão de literatura sobre o Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) em crianças e adolescentes, com foco na eficácia dos psicoestimulantes no tratamento dessa condição. O TDAH é uma condição neurocomportamental caracterizada por sintomas de desatenção, hiperatividade e impulsividade. Os psicoestimulantes, como o metilfenidato e a anfetamina, são frequentemente prescritos para o controle dos sintomas do TDAH. Esta revisão aborda os aspectos epidemiológicos, definição, fisiopatologia da doença e dos medicamentos, além de discutir os resultados de estudos sobre a eficácia e segurança dos psicoestimulantes. Conclui-se que os psicoestimulantes são eficazes no tratamento do TDAH, mas questões sobre sua segurança a longo prazo precisam ser consideradas

    Cystic fibrosis carriership and tuberculosis: hints toward an evolutionary selective advantage based on data from the Brazilian territory

    Get PDF
    BACKGROUND: The reason why Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is the most common fatal genetic disease among Caucasians has been incompletely studied. We aimed at deepening the hypothesis that CF carriers have a relative protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. METHODS: Applying spatial epidemiology, we studied the link between CF carriership rate and tuberculosis (TB) incidence in Brazil. We corrected for 5 potential environmental and 2 immunological confounders in this relation: monthly income, sanitary provisions, literacy rates, racial composition and population density along with AIDS incidence rates and diabetes mellitus type 2. Smoking data were incomplete and not available for analysis. RESULTS: A significant, negative correlation between CF carriership rate and TB incidence, independent of any of the seven confounders was found. CONCLUSION: We provide exploratory support for the hypothesis that carrying a single CFTR mutation arms against Mtb infections.status: publishe
    corecore