5 research outputs found

    Agriculture et exploitation agricole durables : Ă©tat de l’art et proposition de dĂ©finitions revisitĂ©es Ă  l’aune des valeurs, des propriĂ©tĂ©s et des frontiĂšres de la durabilitĂ© en agriculture

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    Cet article est issu des appels Ă  projets soutenus par le plan Ecophyto, et prĂ©sentĂ©s Ă  l'occasion du colloque Ecophyto Recherche des 13 et 14 octobre 2015This paper is a contribution to the launching seminar of the Technology Network Evaluation of the sustainability of agricultural systems and Territory (Erytage) held in France in July 2015. It discusses the concepts of sustainable agriculture and farm sustainability, from a broad analysis of the international literature down to the discussion of their definitions. We showed the incompleteness of the definitions based on the international literature and we propose two new definitions to characterize these two concepts. The first part takes a look at the different conceptions of sustainable development in order to study the different positions proposed so far in the definitions of sustainable agriculture. The second part shows a state of the art of the literature on this concept from a double analysis (a chronology and an interpretative typology). The third part suggests a new definition of sustainable agriculture drawn on both its principles and values but also on associated social objectives. The last part draws from the results of a research on the concept of sustainability farm to suggest a broadened definition of a sustainability farm based upon principles and values, social objectives and the properties associated to such sustainable system.Ce papier s’inscrit comme une contribution au sĂ©minaire de lancement du RĂ©seau Mixte Technologique Evaluation de la duRabilitĂ© des sYstĂšmes et Territoire AGricolEs (Erytage) lancĂ© en France en juillet 2015. Il questionne les deux concepts que sont l’agriculture durable et l’exploitation agricole durable, Ă  partir d’une large analyse de la littĂ©rature internationale, pour au final en discuter les dĂ©finitions. Nous montrons l’incomplĂ©tude des dĂ©finitions actuelles telles que recensĂ©es dans la littĂ©rature internationale et proposons deux nouvelles dĂ©finitions pour qualifier ces deux concepts. La premiĂšre partie revient sur les diffĂ©rentes conceptions du dĂ©veloppement durable pour analyser les diffĂ©rentes postures proposĂ©es dans les dĂ©finitions de l’agriculture durable. La seconde partie prĂ©sente un Ă©tat de l’art de la littĂ©rature de ce concept Ă  partir d’une double analyse (chronologique et type d’interprĂ©tation). La troisiĂšme partie propose une nouvelle dĂ©finition du concept d’agriculture durable basĂ©e Ă  la fois sur ses principes et valeurs mais aussi sur les objectifs sociĂ©taux associĂ©es. La derniĂšre partie s’appuie sur les rĂ©sultats d’une recherche sur le concept d’exploitation agricole durable pour proposer une dĂ©finition Ă©largie de l’exploitation agricole durable basĂ©e Ă  la fois sur les principes et valeurs, sur les objectifs sociĂ©taux et sur les propriĂ©tĂ©s associĂ©es Ă  un tel systĂšme

    Evaluating sustainability of farms: introducing a new conceptual framework based on three dimensions and five key properties relating to the sustainability of agriculture. The IDEA method version 4

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    International audienceThis article shows how new theoretical work on assessing sustainability of farms, carried out as part of a multidisciplinary approach, allowed a new theoretical framework to be develop, along with version 4 of the IDEA Method (Indicateurs de DurabilitĂ© d’une Exploitation Agricole). The first section divides existing studies taken from the literature into two types of indicator-based conceptual frameworks: those based on sustainable agriculture goals, and those based on a systemic approach focusing on the properties of sustainability as applied to agriculture. The second part of this article explains the overall process of assessing farm sustainability based on the conceptual framework developed for IDEA v.4. The theoretical framework relates to strong sustainability and agricultural multifunctionality (with 12 associated goals). It includes a systemic analysis of sustainability based on five properties characterizing a sustainable farm: The ability to produce and reproduce goods and services; Autonomy; Robustness, Territorial embeddedness and Global responsibility. This theoretical framework led to the proposal of 53 indicators structured / organized according to a double evaluative approach (and also two assesment grids). The first examines the extent to which sustainability has been achieved (in agro-ecological, socio-territorial and economic terms) by aggregating indicators based on 13 components and a scoring system using sustainability "units". The second approach assesses the level of sustainability based on the five properties mentioned above. Indicators are aggregated hierarchically. We discuss how the concept of properties has real educational value and can help to bring a new perspective to the field of sustainable farming

    La mĂ©thode IDEA4. Indicateurs de DurabilitĂ© des Exploitations Agricoles. Principes & guide d’utilisation. Évaluer la durabilitĂ© de l’exploitation agricole

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    International audienceIDEA4 is a method for assessing and analyzing farm sustainability. Its theoretical framework combines a dual approach based on the three dimensions of sustainability - agroecological, socio-territorial, economic - and the five properties of sustainable agricultural systems: Capacity to produce and reproduce goods and services, autonomy, robustness, territorial embeddedness, global responsibility. This dual reading of sustainability is a major innovation in the international panorama of indicator-based methods for assessing sustainability. The IDEA4 method is an operational tool that can be directly applied to the main agricultural production systems in mainland France, and more widely in Europe. IDEA4 can also be used as a theoretical support and evaluation tool for other agricultural systems around the world, with a few adjustments. Its fifty-three indicators are calculated and aggregated in a transparent and scientifically justified way. It can be implemented over a reasonable timescale, thanks to operational support for data processing and results production (explanatory sheets, survey guide, calculator, WEB-IDEA platform, etc.). The IDEA4 method can be used to identify progress paths towards greater sustainability in individual or collective agro-ecological transition initiatives. It is already widely used in agricultural and higher education, in consulting and support activities for agro-ecological transition, in public action to implement and monitor programs and in research. This book is the outcome of collective interdisciplinary work carried out by the IDEA Scientific Committee (see https://methode-idea.org/)IDEA4 est une mĂ©thode d’évaluation et d’analyse de la durabilitĂ© des exploitations agricoles basĂ©e sur des indicateurs. Son cadre thĂ©orique combine une double approche basĂ©e sur les trois dimensions de la durabilitĂ© - agroĂ©cologique - socio-territoriale - Ă©conomique - et les cinq propriĂ©tĂ©s des systĂšmes agricoles durables - capacitĂ© productive et reproductive de biens et services - autonomie - ancrage territorial - robustesse - responsabilitĂ© globale. Cette double lecture de la durabilitĂ© est une innovation majeure dans le panorama international des mĂ©thodes d’évaluation de la durabilitĂ©. La mĂ©thode IDEA4 est un outil transparent et opĂ©rationnel, directement applicable pour les systĂšmes de production agricole de France mĂ©tropolitaine et plus largement d’Europe. IDEA4 a Ă©galement l’aptitude d’ĂȘtre un support thĂ©orique et un outil d’évaluation pour les autres agricultures du monde moyennant quelques ajustements. Ses cinquante-trois indicateurs ont des modes de calculs ouverts et scientifiquement justifiĂ©s. Sa mise en Ɠuvre s’opĂšre sur une plage de temps raisonnable grĂące des supports opĂ©rationnels pour le traitement des donnĂ©es et la production des rĂ©sultats (fiches explicatives, guide d’enquĂȘte, calculateur, plateforme WEB-IDEA, etc.). La mĂ©thode IDEA4 permet d’identifier des voies de progrĂšs vers plus de durabilitĂ© dans les dĂ©marches individuelles ou collectives de transition agroĂ©cologique. Elle est dĂ©jĂ  largement utilisĂ©e dans l'enseignement agricole ou supĂ©rieur, dans les activitĂ©s de conseil et d'accompagnement Ă  la transition agroĂ©cologique, dans l’action publique pour la mise en Ɠuvre et le suivi de programmes et dans la recherche. Cet ouvrage est le fruit d’un travail collectif interdisciplinaire conduit au sein du ComitĂ© Scientifique IDEA qui s’est rĂ©uni sous la direction scientifique de FrĂ©dĂ©ric Zahm. (voir https://methode-idea.org/

    Le projet ACTION : Accompagnement au Changement vers la TransitION agro-Ă©cologique pour une performance globale des exploitations agricoles, Rapport final scientifique

    No full text
    This report corresponds to the final report of the ACTION project (Accompagnement au Changement vers la TransitION agro-Ă©cologique pour une performance globale des exploitations agricoles) supported by the French Ministry of Agriculture and Food Sovereignty under CASDAR funding (APP N° 5727, CASDAR 2017-2022 - programme 776 recherche appliquĂ©e et innovation en agriculture) over the period 2017 to 2022. The ACTION project addressed three main objectives: 1) the scientific development of the IDEA method in its new version 4 (IDEA4) in its two evaluative approaches to sustainability (the approach based on the three dimensions of sustainable development and the approach based on the five properties of sustainable agricultural systems), 2) the validation through use of the IDEA4 method by testing its ability to support changes linked to the agro-ecological transition in different activities (agricultural advice, support for farmers and agricultural education) and 3) the development of computerised tools and technical guides to ensure the full use of the method. The main results of this project are as follows. Firstly, the IDEA4 method has been finalised both in its theoretical framework and in its operational framework, with its two functional evaluation approaches. Validation of the method was based on use tests carried out on 531 farms by 311 signatory organisations to the CGU (136 of which were not involved in technical or higher education), enabling validation of the methodological choices and the four tools developed. Four computerised tools have been developed to support the various uses of the method: the method's website (https://methode-idea.org/), the IDEA Excel calculator, the IDEATools R package and the WEB-IDEA platform (https://web-idea.inrae.fr). The Excel calculator performs five essential functions. It collects data on the farm, organises this data using dedicated tabs, calculates the 53 indicators, outputs the results of the dimensional approach in the form of a table and simple graphs, and transfers the data to the WEB-IDEA platform. It comes with a printable survey document. IDEATools is the engine that enables the WEB-IDEA platform to offer the data analyses proposed by the WEB-IDEA platform. The WEB-IDEA platform provides three types of output: (i) automated output on the sustainability of a farm in the two approaches to sustainability (dimensions and properties), (ii) analysis of the sustainability of groups of farms within the same organisation/company, and (iii) access to "benchmark" data on the sustainability of farms that have used the IDEA method4. Secondly, a comprehensive book on the IDEA4 method has been published, describing the theoretical framework, the 53 indicators presented in the form of standardised sheets (calculation methodology, arguments, details and bibliography) and providing recommendations for use. It is supplemented by four dedicated technical guides to support its various uses (advice / support and teaching). Thirdly, four differentiated teaching paths for IDEA4 have been developed with teaching teams for use in agricultural technical education. Finally, the training aspect of the method has been very significant, with 114 staff trained in 61 agricultural technical schools and just over 1,100 students, most of them in Agricultural Engineering Schools (9 out of 10 schools). It also enabled the professional training of 145 professionals, mainly development agents.Ce rapport correspond au rapport final du projet ACTION (Accompagnement au Changement vers la TransitION agro-Ă©cologique pour une performance globale des exploitations agricoles) soutenu par le ministĂšre de l’Agriculture et de la SouverainetĂ© alimentaire au titre des crĂ©dits CASDAR (APP N° 5727, CASDAR 2017-2022 - programme 776 recherche appliquĂ©e et innovation en agriculture) sur la pĂ©riode 2017 Ă  2022. Le projet ACTION a rĂ©pondu Ă  trois objectifs principaux : 1) le dĂ©veloppement scientifique de la mĂ©thode IDEA dans sa nouvelle version 4 (IDEA4) dans ses deux approches Ă©valuatives de la durabilitĂ© (l’approche par les trois dimensions du dĂ©veloppement durable et l’approche par les cinq propriĂ©tĂ©s des systĂšmes agricoles durables), 2) la validation par l’usage de la mĂ©thode IDEA4 en testant sa capacitĂ© Ă  accompagner les changements liĂ©s Ă  la transition agroĂ©cologique dans diffĂ©rentes activitĂ©s (conseil agricole, accompagnement des agriculteurs et enseignement agricole) et 3) le dĂ©veloppement des outils informatisĂ©s et guides techniques pour assurer l’usage complet de la mĂ©thode. Les principaux rĂ©sultats acquis lors de ce projet sont les suivants. PremiĂšrement, la mĂ©thode IDEA4 a Ă©tĂ© finalisĂ©e Ă  la fois dans son cadre thĂ©orique mais aussi dans son cadre opĂ©rationnel avec ses deux approches Ă©valuatives qui sont fonctionnelles. La validation de la mĂ©thode s’est appuyĂ©e sur la rĂ©alisation de tests d’usage auprĂšs de 531 exploitations agricoles rĂ©alisĂ©s par 311 organismes signataires des CGU (dont 136 hors enseignements technique ou supĂ©rieur) permettant Ă  la fois de contrĂŽler la validation des choix mĂ©thodologiques, des quatre outils dĂ©veloppĂ©s. Quatre outils informatisĂ©s ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©veloppĂ©s pour accompagner les diffĂ©rents usages de la mĂ©thode : le site internet de la mĂ©thode (https://methode-idea.org/), le calculateur Excel IDEA, le package R IDEATools et la plateforme WEB-IDEA (https://web-idea.inrae.fr). Le calculateur au format Excel assure cinq fonctions essentielles. Il collecte des donnĂ©es sur l’exploitation agricole, organise ces donnĂ©es au travers d’onglets dĂ©diĂ©s, calcule les 53 indicateurs, Ă©dite les rĂ©sultats de l’approche par les dimensions sous la forme d’un tableau et de graphiques simples et permet de transfert des donnĂ©es vers la plateforme WEB-IDEA. Il est dotĂ© d’un document d’enquĂȘte imprimable. IDEATools est le moteur qui permet Ă  la plateforme WEB-IDEA de proposer les analyses de donnĂ©es proposĂ©es par la plateforme WEB-IDEA. La plateforme WEB-IDEA permet la sortie de trois types de rĂ©sultats : i) l’édition de sorties automatisĂ©es sur la durabilitĂ© d’une exploitation agricole dans les deux approches de la durabilitĂ© (dimensions et propriĂ©tĂ©s), (ii) l’analyse de la durabilitĂ© groupes d’exploitations agricoles au sein d’un mĂȘme organisme et (iii) l’accĂšs Ă  des donnĂ©es « repĂšres » sur la durabilitĂ© des exploitations agricoles ayant mobilisĂ© la mĂ©thode IDEA4. DeuxiĂšmement, un ouvrage complet sur la mĂ©thode IDEA4 a Ă©tĂ© publiĂ© dĂ©crivant le cadre thĂ©orique, les 53 indicateurs prĂ©sentĂ©s sous forme de fiches standardisĂ©es (mĂ©thodologie de calcul, argumentaires, prĂ©cisions et bibliographie) et apportant des recommandations d’usage. Il est complĂ©tĂ© par quatre guides techniques dĂ©diĂ©s pour accompagner ses diffĂ©rents usages (conseil / accompagnement et enseignement). TroisiĂšmement, quatre parcours pĂ©dagogiques diffĂ©renciĂ©s d’enseignement Ă  IDEA4 ont Ă©tĂ© construits avec les Ă©quipes pĂ©dagogiques pour ses usages dans l'enseignement technique agricole. Enfin, la dimension formation Ă  la mĂ©thode a Ă©tĂ© trĂšs marquĂ©e avec la formation de 114 personnels dans 61 Ă©tablissements de l’enseignement technique agricole, un peu plus de 1100 Ă©tudiants majoritairement prĂ©sents dans les Ă©tablissements supĂ©rieurs agronomiques (9 sur 10 Ă©tablissements). Il a Ă©galement permis la formation professionnelle de 145 professionnels, principalement des agents du dĂ©veloppement (conseillers agricoles, animateurs, chargĂ©s de mission, etc..) issus de 68 structures professionnelles

    Le projet ACTION : Accompagnement au Changement vers la TransitION agro-Ă©cologique pour une performance globale des exploitations agricoles, Rapport final scientifique

    No full text
    This report corresponds to the final report of the ACTION project (Accompagnement au Changement vers la TransitION agro-Ă©cologique pour une performance globale des exploitations agricoles) supported by the French Ministry of Agriculture and Food Sovereignty under CASDAR funding (APP N° 5727, CASDAR 2017-2022 - programme 776 recherche appliquĂ©e et innovation en agriculture) over the period 2017 to 2022. The ACTION project addressed three main objectives: 1) the scientific development of the IDEA method in its new version 4 (IDEA4) in its two evaluative approaches to sustainability (the approach based on the three dimensions of sustainable development and the approach based on the five properties of sustainable agricultural systems), 2) the validation through use of the IDEA4 method by testing its ability to support changes linked to the agro-ecological transition in different activities (agricultural advice, support for farmers and agricultural education) and 3) the development of computerised tools and technical guides to ensure the full use of the method. The main results of this project are as follows. Firstly, the IDEA4 method has been finalised both in its theoretical framework and in its operational framework, with its two functional evaluation approaches. Validation of the method was based on use tests carried out on 531 farms by 311 signatory organisations to the CGU (136 of which were not involved in technical or higher education), enabling validation of the methodological choices and the four tools developed. Four computerised tools have been developed to support the various uses of the method: the method's website (https://methode-idea.org/), the IDEA Excel calculator, the IDEATools R package and the WEB-IDEA platform (https://web-idea.inrae.fr). The Excel calculator performs five essential functions. It collects data on the farm, organises this data using dedicated tabs, calculates the 53 indicators, outputs the results of the dimensional approach in the form of a table and simple graphs, and transfers the data to the WEB-IDEA platform. It comes with a printable survey document. IDEATools is the engine that enables the WEB-IDEA platform to offer the data analyses proposed by the WEB-IDEA platform. The WEB-IDEA platform provides three types of output: (i) automated output on the sustainability of a farm in the two approaches to sustainability (dimensions and properties), (ii) analysis of the sustainability of groups of farms within the same organisation/company, and (iii) access to "benchmark" data on the sustainability of farms that have used the IDEA method4. Secondly, a comprehensive book on the IDEA4 method has been published, describing the theoretical framework, the 53 indicators presented in the form of standardised sheets (calculation methodology, arguments, details and bibliography) and providing recommendations for use. It is supplemented by four dedicated technical guides to support its various uses (advice / support and teaching). Thirdly, four differentiated teaching paths for IDEA4 have been developed with teaching teams for use in agricultural technical education. Finally, the training aspect of the method has been very significant, with 114 staff trained in 61 agricultural technical schools and just over 1,100 students, most of them in Agricultural Engineering Schools (9 out of 10 schools). It also enabled the professional training of 145 professionals, mainly development agents.Ce rapport correspond au rapport final du projet ACTION (Accompagnement au Changement vers la TransitION agro-Ă©cologique pour une performance globale des exploitations agricoles) soutenu par le ministĂšre de l’Agriculture et de la SouverainetĂ© alimentaire au titre des crĂ©dits CASDAR (APP N° 5727, CASDAR 2017-2022 - programme 776 recherche appliquĂ©e et innovation en agriculture) sur la pĂ©riode 2017 Ă  2022. Le projet ACTION a rĂ©pondu Ă  trois objectifs principaux : 1) le dĂ©veloppement scientifique de la mĂ©thode IDEA dans sa nouvelle version 4 (IDEA4) dans ses deux approches Ă©valuatives de la durabilitĂ© (l’approche par les trois dimensions du dĂ©veloppement durable et l’approche par les cinq propriĂ©tĂ©s des systĂšmes agricoles durables), 2) la validation par l’usage de la mĂ©thode IDEA4 en testant sa capacitĂ© Ă  accompagner les changements liĂ©s Ă  la transition agroĂ©cologique dans diffĂ©rentes activitĂ©s (conseil agricole, accompagnement des agriculteurs et enseignement agricole) et 3) le dĂ©veloppement des outils informatisĂ©s et guides techniques pour assurer l’usage complet de la mĂ©thode. Les principaux rĂ©sultats acquis lors de ce projet sont les suivants. PremiĂšrement, la mĂ©thode IDEA4 a Ă©tĂ© finalisĂ©e Ă  la fois dans son cadre thĂ©orique mais aussi dans son cadre opĂ©rationnel avec ses deux approches Ă©valuatives qui sont fonctionnelles. La validation de la mĂ©thode s’est appuyĂ©e sur la rĂ©alisation de tests d’usage auprĂšs de 531 exploitations agricoles rĂ©alisĂ©s par 311 organismes signataires des CGU (dont 136 hors enseignements technique ou supĂ©rieur) permettant Ă  la fois de contrĂŽler la validation des choix mĂ©thodologiques, des quatre outils dĂ©veloppĂ©s. Quatre outils informatisĂ©s ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©veloppĂ©s pour accompagner les diffĂ©rents usages de la mĂ©thode : le site internet de la mĂ©thode (https://methode-idea.org/), le calculateur Excel IDEA, le package R IDEATools et la plateforme WEB-IDEA (https://web-idea.inrae.fr). Le calculateur au format Excel assure cinq fonctions essentielles. Il collecte des donnĂ©es sur l’exploitation agricole, organise ces donnĂ©es au travers d’onglets dĂ©diĂ©s, calcule les 53 indicateurs, Ă©dite les rĂ©sultats de l’approche par les dimensions sous la forme d’un tableau et de graphiques simples et permet de transfert des donnĂ©es vers la plateforme WEB-IDEA. Il est dotĂ© d’un document d’enquĂȘte imprimable. IDEATools est le moteur qui permet Ă  la plateforme WEB-IDEA de proposer les analyses de donnĂ©es proposĂ©es par la plateforme WEB-IDEA. La plateforme WEB-IDEA permet la sortie de trois types de rĂ©sultats : i) l’édition de sorties automatisĂ©es sur la durabilitĂ© d’une exploitation agricole dans les deux approches de la durabilitĂ© (dimensions et propriĂ©tĂ©s), (ii) l’analyse de la durabilitĂ© groupes d’exploitations agricoles au sein d’un mĂȘme organisme et (iii) l’accĂšs Ă  des donnĂ©es « repĂšres » sur la durabilitĂ© des exploitations agricoles ayant mobilisĂ© la mĂ©thode IDEA4. DeuxiĂšmement, un ouvrage complet sur la mĂ©thode IDEA4 a Ă©tĂ© publiĂ© dĂ©crivant le cadre thĂ©orique, les 53 indicateurs prĂ©sentĂ©s sous forme de fiches standardisĂ©es (mĂ©thodologie de calcul, argumentaires, prĂ©cisions et bibliographie) et apportant des recommandations d’usage. Il est complĂ©tĂ© par quatre guides techniques dĂ©diĂ©s pour accompagner ses diffĂ©rents usages (conseil / accompagnement et enseignement). TroisiĂšmement, quatre parcours pĂ©dagogiques diffĂ©renciĂ©s d’enseignement Ă  IDEA4 ont Ă©tĂ© construits avec les Ă©quipes pĂ©dagogiques pour ses usages dans l'enseignement technique agricole. Enfin, la dimension formation Ă  la mĂ©thode a Ă©tĂ© trĂšs marquĂ©e avec la formation de 114 personnels dans 61 Ă©tablissements de l’enseignement technique agricole, un peu plus de 1100 Ă©tudiants majoritairement prĂ©sents dans les Ă©tablissements supĂ©rieurs agronomiques (9 sur 10 Ă©tablissements). Il a Ă©galement permis la formation professionnelle de 145 professionnels, principalement des agents du dĂ©veloppement (conseillers agricoles, animateurs, chargĂ©s de mission, etc..) issus de 68 structures professionnelles
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