Caractérisation moléculaire et morphologique de deux espèces affines de

La description en 1998 de Phlebotomus riouxi a posé le problème de la diagnose différentielle délicate de la femelle avec celle d’une espèce affine : P. chabaudi. Le rôle suspecté de P. chabaudi dans la transmission de Leishmania killicki dans certains foyers tunisiens nous a amené, à partir de 37 spécimens algériens et tunisiens, à effectuer la caractérisation moléculaire de ces deux taxons. Les séquences du gène du cytochrome b (cyt b) de l’ADN mitochondrial individualisent clairement ces taxons et mettent en évidence une variabilité intraspécifique. L’analyse morphologique ne permet pas de différencier les femelles des deux espèces sur la base des caractères génitaux. Un caractère céphalique nouveau tenant à la présence de dents latérales antérieures sur l’armature pharyngienne de P. chabaudi, absentes chez P. riouxi, est proposé, mais un recours au typage moléculaire semble nécessaire pour une identification fiable

Caractérisation moléculaire et morphologique de deux espèces affines de Paraphlebotomus: Phlebotomus chabaudi Croset, Abonnenc & Rioux, 1970 et P. riouxi Depaquit, Killick-Kendrick & Léger, 1998 (Diptera : Psychodidae)

La description en 1998 de Phlebotomus riouxi a posé le problème de la diagnose différentielle délicate de la femelle avec celle d’une espèce affine : P. chabaudi. Le rôle suspecté de P. chabaudi dans la transmission de Leishmania killicki dans certains foyers tunisiens nous a amené, à partir de 37 spécimens algériens et tunisiens, à effectuer la caractérisation moléculaire de ces deux taxons. Les séquences du gène du cytochrome b (cyt b) de l’ADN mitochondrial individualisent clairement ces taxons et mettent en évidence une variabilité intraspécifique. L’analyse morphologique ne permet pas de différencier les femelles des deux espèces sur la base des caractères génitaux. Un caractère céphalique nouveau tenant à la présence de dents latérales antérieures sur l’armature pharyngienne de P. chabaudi, absentes chez P. riouxi, est proposé, mais un recours au typage moléculaire semble nécessaire pour une identification fiable

Molecular and morphological systematics of the sandfly Sergentomyia (Sintonius) clydei Sinton, 1928 and questions about its record in the Seychelles

In the Phlebotomine sandflies, a few molecular studies related on the genus Sergentomyia have been published. The present study explored the genetic variability within Sergentomyia (Sintonius) clydei ( Diptera, Psychodidae). The sampling included 15 populations originating from 12 countries. A morphological approach was coupled to the sequencing of two molecular markers (cytochrome b mtDNA and cacophony nuclear DNA). The most variable morphological characters resided in the cibarium of the females, especially (i) the pigment patch pattern and (ii) the number of cibarial teeth and denticles in the armature. However this morphological approach was unable to individualize any population within S. clydei. The NJ trees based on both molecular markers individualized the specimens from the Aldabra group of islands in the Seychelles. Surprisingly, cyt b variability was not compatible with the known data about the complete submersion of Aldabra occurring relatively recently some 125,000 years ago. The settlement of these islands by S. clydei from continental Africa, the Middle East or Asia, and the value of mtDNA markers are discussed

Mitochondrial DNA Intraspecific Variability in Sergentomyia minuta (Diptera: Psychodidae)

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Molecular homogeneity in diverse geographical populations of Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera, Psychodidae) inferred from ND4 mtDNA and ITS2 rDNA. Epidemiological consequences

PubMed ID: 18243814An intraspecific study on Phlebotomus papatasi, the main proven vector of Leishmania major among the members of the subgenus Phlebotomus, was performed. The internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS 2) of rDNA and the ND4 gene of mt DNA were sequenced from 26 populations from 18 countries (Albania, Algeria, Cyprus, Egypt, Greece, India, Iran, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Yugoslavia and Yemen), and compared. Samples also included three other species belonging to the subgenus Phlebotomus: P. duboscqi, a proven vector of L. major in the south of Sahara (three populations from Burkina Faso, Kenya and Senegal), P. bergeroti, a suspected vector of L. major (three populations from Oman Sultanate, Iran and Egypt), and one population of P. salehi from Iran. A phylogenetic study was carried out on the subgenus Phlebotomus. Our results confirm the validity of the morphologically characterized taxa. The position of P. salehi is doubtful. Variability in P. papatasi contrasts with that observed within other species having a wide distribution like P. (Paraphlebotomus) sergenti in the Old World or Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) longipalpis in the New World. Consequently, it could be hypothesized that all populations of P. papatasi over its distribution area have similar vectorial capacities. The limits of the distribution area of L. major are correlated with the distribution of common rodents acting as hosts of the parasites. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Genetic structure of Phlebotomus (Larroussius) ariasi populations, the vector of Leishmania infantum in the western Mediterranean : epidemiological implications

In recent years there has been growing interest in analyzing the geographical variations between populations of different Phlebotomus spp. by comparing the sequences of various genes However, little is known about the genetic structure of Phlebotonnis arias,. In this study, we were able to sequence a fragment of the mitochondrial Cyt b gene in 133 sandflies morphologically identified as P anasi and proceeding from a wide geographical range covering 35 locations in 11 different regions from five countries. The intra-specific diversity of P. anasi is high, with 45 haplotypes differing from each other by one to 26 bases and they are distributed in two mitochondria' lineages, one limited geographically to Algeria and the other widely dispersed across Mediterranean countries The Algerian lineage is characterized by having 13 fixed polymorphisms and is made up of one sole haplotype. The European/Moroccan P. anasz lineage is characterized by being made up of a great diversity of haplotypes (44) which display some geographical structuring. This could be one of the multiple factors involved in the epidemiological heterogeneity of the foci of leishmaniasis Phlebotomus choral, is the sister group of European/Moroccan P. anasi. The separation of the Algerian haplotype, H45, from the rest of the specimens, European/Moroccan P anon and P chadln, is well supported by the bootstrap analysis (C) 2010 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Molecular homogeneity in diverse geographical populations of Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera, Psychodidae) inferred from ND4 mtDNA and ITS2 rDNA Epidemiological consequences

WOS: 000254602700008PubMed ID: 18243814An intraspecific study on Phlebotomus papatasi, the main proven vector of Leishmania major among the members of the subgerms Phlebotomus, was performed. The internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS 2) of rDNA and the ND4 gene of mt DNA were sequenced from 26 populations from 18 countries (Albania, Algeria, Cyprus, Egypt, Greece, India, Iran, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Yugoslavia and Yemen), and compared. Samples also included three other species belonging to the subgenus Phlebotomus: P. duboscqi, a proven vector of L major in the south of Sahara (three populations from Burkina Faso, Kenya and Senegal), P. bergeroti, a suspected vector of L. major (three populations from Oman Sultanate, Iran and Egypt), and one population of P. salehi from Iran. A phylogenetic study was carried out on the subgenus Phlebotomus. Our results confirm the validity of the morphologically characterized taxa. The position of P. salehi is doubtful. Variability in P. papatasi contrasts with that observed within other species having a wide distribution like P. (Paraphlebotomus) sergenti in the Old World or Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) longipalpis in the New World. Consequently, it could be hypothesized that all populations of P. papatasi over its distribution area have similar vectorial capacities. The limits of the distribution area of L major are correlated with the distribution of common rodents acting as hosts of the parasites. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved