Besoin communicationnel des bibliothèques

Une bonne communication traduit une politique, affiche une intention, orchestre une matière. Pour les bibliothèques, ses pré-requis sont exigeants et obilisent des compétences spécifiques. On ne s’improvise pas plus communicant que bibliothécaire

La communication culturelle décentralisée ?

Dans un contexte de concurrence accrue entre les territoires, de grands projets culturels labellisés essaiment actuellement dans de nombreuses villes européennes. A ce titre « Luxembourg et Grande Région, capitale européenne de la culture 2007 » est un exemple pertinent. Cet article cherche à mettre en évidence la complexité des interactions entre les acteurs dans le processus de médiation et à mieux comprendre, à travers l’analyse des pratiques communicationnelles des institutions publiques, quels sont les enjeux inhérents à leur positionnement sociétal.Now that there is a growing competition between territories, big cultural projects which spread in numerous European cities are based on a labelled communication. "Luxemburg and Grand Region, European Capital of culture 2007" was made of a series of events which belonged to this logic. Based on the deep analysis of one of these events, the article shows how complex the protagonists’ interactions are in the mediation process. It also highlights what is at stake in the social positioning of local authorities and higher administrative divisions

La mutation du dispositif communicationnel des universités françaises

Les évolutions qui affectent en profondeur l’enseignement supérieur français englobent une transformation importante de la fonction communication dans les universités. Dans une situation nouvelle de concurrence exacerbée, la communication fait l’objet d’attentions nouvelles et son positionnement organisationnel, de même que sa conception structurelle, renvoient à une logique marchande souvent en décalage avec la culture organisationnelle dont elle pourra avoir pour ambition de la faire évoluer. Ce contexte particulier implique des mutations de l’ingénierie de la communication publique des universités qui peuvent conduire au passage d’une organisation universitaire communicante à une communication universitaire organisante.The evolutions deeply affecting higher education in France comprise a major transformation in how universities organize their communication process. In a new highly competitive situation, communicating has become a new focus and the way it is organized in the institution, as well as the way it is structured, refer to a commercial logic which is often out of step with the organizational culture it may have the ambition to bring some change to. The particular context implies transforming universities’ public communication, which could lead to the passing from a communicative organization of the university to an organizing communication of the university

OSAMOAL: optimized simulations by adapted models using asymptotic limits

We propose in this work to address the problem of model adaptation, dedicated to hyper- bolic models with relaxation and to their parabolic limit. The goal is to replace a hyperbolic system of balance laws (the so-called fine model) by its parabolic limit (the so-called coarse model), in delimited parts of the computational domain. Our method is based on the construction of asymptotic preserving schemes and on interfacial coupling methods between hyperbolic and parabolic models. We study in parallel the cases of the Goldstein-Taylor model and of the p-system with friction

1. Instaurer une culture de la communication dans les bibliothèques

Une des propriétés fondamentales de la communication est qu’elle est inévitable : « on ne peut pas ne pas communiquer » [Watzlawick, 1972]. Cela signifie que, quoi qu’elle fasse ou ne fasse pas, une bibliothèque produit des messages de communication. Décider que l’on va communiquer, c’est engager un processus de rationalisation de l’émission de ces messages. C’est aussi accepter, a priori, les limites de cette rationalisation : processus complexe puisqu’humain, la communication ne peut être e..

OSAMOAL: optimized simulations by adapted models using asymptotic limits

We propose in this work to address the problem of model adaptation, dedicated to hyper- bolic models with relaxation and to their parabolic limit. The goal is to replace a hyperbolic system of balance laws (the so-called fine model) by its parabolic limit (the so-called coarse model), in delimited parts of the computational domain. Our method is based on the construction of asymptotic preserving schemes and on interfacial coupling methods between hyperbolic and parabolic models. We study in parallel the cases of the Goldstein-Taylor model and of the p-system with friction

Granocyte-colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) Has Significant Efficacy as Secondary Prophylaxis of Chemotherapy-induced Neutropenia in Patients with Solid Tumors: Results of a Prospective Study

Abstract. Aim: To carry out a prospective, multicenter and observational study describing prophylactic strategies [cycle delay, dose-reduction, (G-CSF) Neutropenia is a common side-effect of cancer chemotherapy in patients with solid tumors. Febrile neutropenia (FN), defined by grade 4 neutropenia and >38.0˚C fever is the complication of most concern. It is associated with severe morbidity and increased risk of mortality (1-3). A correlation between the dose/dosing schedule and neutropenia has been established for most cytotoxic agents (4, 5). However the risk of developing life-threatening complications after an episode of severe neutropenia (i.e. FN) is variable from one patient to another due to individual risk factors. Some risk factors can be considered in predicting the risk of neutropenia and are well-established in international guidelines in the primary prophylaxis setting (5, 6). These are: age (>65 years old and older), advanced disease, altered patient condition [poor performance status (PS) and/or nutritional status], preexisting condition (active infection, open wound, recent surgery), previous FN, previous irradiation to pelvis, and impaired renal or liver function. Granulocyte colony stimulating factors (G-CSF) reduce the severity and duration of neutropenia and F

Communiquer !

L'enjeu de la communication en direction des élus, des décideurs, mais aussi des journalistes, est devenu vital pour les bibliothèques : il s'agit de donner à voir aux tutelles leurs activités, de rendre intelligible leur stratégie de développement, de construire une image institutionnelle forte. De quels moyens dispose la bibliothèque pour faire la preuve du bienfondé de son existence ? Comment communiquer en direction d'un élu municipal ou régional, d'un responsable politique de la bibliothèque ? Que peut apporter une bonne collaboration avec des journalistes, avec les partenaires naturels ou hiérarchiques au sein de l'université ou de la collectivité territoriale ? Comment utiliser à bon escient les méthodes du lobbying et du marketing, ou l'emploi des réseaux sociaux ? Voilà quelques-unes des questions abordées ici. Une quinzaine d'auteurs d'horizons divers (des sociologues, des enseignants, des journalistes, des bibliothécaires, des responsables de communication…) nous font part de leurs propres expériences, donnent des conseils méthodologiques et des outils fort utiles, en proposant de nombreux exemples et des mises en situation. Auteur de plusieurs ouvrages dans le domaine de la documentation et des sciences de l'information, Jean-Philippe Accart est actuellement directeur des bibliothèques de la Faculté des sciences de l'Université de Genève

Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker initiation on organ support-free days in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

IMPORTANCE Overactivation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to poor clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Objective To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) initiation improves outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In an ongoing, adaptive platform randomized clinical trial, 721 critically ill and 58 non–critically ill hospitalized adults were randomized to receive an RAS inhibitor or control between March 16, 2021, and February 25, 2022, at 69 sites in 7 countries (final follow-up on June 1, 2022). INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to receive open-label initiation of an ACE inhibitor (n = 257), ARB (n = 248), ARB in combination with DMX-200 (a chemokine receptor-2 inhibitor; n = 10), or no RAS inhibitor (control; n = 264) for up to 10 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was organ support–free days, a composite of hospital survival and days alive without cardiovascular or respiratory organ support through 21 days. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model. Odds ratios (ORs) greater than 1 represent improved outcomes. RESULTS On February 25, 2022, enrollment was discontinued due to safety concerns. Among 679 critically ill patients with available primary outcome data, the median age was 56 years and 239 participants (35.2%) were women. Median (IQR) organ support–free days among critically ill patients was 10 (–1 to 16) in the ACE inhibitor group (n = 231), 8 (–1 to 17) in the ARB group (n = 217), and 12 (0 to 17) in the control group (n = 231) (median adjusted odds ratios of 0.77 [95% bayesian credible interval, 0.58-1.06] for improvement for ACE inhibitor and 0.76 [95% credible interval, 0.56-1.05] for ARB compared with control). The posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitors and ARBs worsened organ support–free days compared with control were 94.9% and 95.4%, respectively. Hospital survival occurred in 166 of 231 critically ill participants (71.9%) in the ACE inhibitor group, 152 of 217 (70.0%) in the ARB group, and 182 of 231 (78.8%) in the control group (posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitor and ARB worsened hospital survival compared with control were 95.3% and 98.1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this trial, among critically ill adults with COVID-19, initiation of an ACE inhibitor or ARB did not improve, and likely worsened, clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0273570