Fock representation of the renormalized higher powers of white noise and the Virasoro--Zamolodchikov -w∞ *-Lie algebra

The identification of the ∗–Lie algebra of the renormalized higher powers of white noise (RHPWN) and the analytic continuation of the second quantized Virasoro–Zamolodchikov–w1 ∗–Lie algebra of conformal field theory and high-energy physics, was recently established in [3] based on results obtained in [1] and [2]. In the present paper we show how the RHPWN Fock kernels must be truncated in order to be positive definite and we obtain a Fock representation of the two algebras. We show that the truncated renormalized higher powers of white noise (TRHPWN) Fock spaces of order ≥ 2 host the continuous binomial and beta processes

Bollywood, Iindia and Economic Growth: A Hundred Years History

Abstract. The main content of the following article is to describe the economic growth of an indigenous economy and the factors of its internalization. Bollywood can be used as a paradigmatic showcase for the improvement of ideas in the development of industries of emerging economies. This paper, via an extensive analysis, describes Bollywood as an economic factor for Indian’s growth. The reasons that led to this growth are described in an extended way, as well as the role of globalization and Indian’s Diaspora on this development. Keywords. Bollywood, Diaspora, Economic growth, Globalization, Hollywood, India.JEL. L82, L88, N75, O53, Z11

On estimation and prediction in a spatial semi-functional linear regression model

We tackle estimation and prediction at non-visted sites in a spatial semi-functional linear regression model with derivatives that combines a functional linear model with a nonparametric regression one. The parametric part is estimated by a method of moments and the other one by a local linear estimator. We establish the convergence rate of the resulting estimators and predictor. A simulation study and an application to ozone pollution prediction at non-visted sites are proposed to illustrate our results

Variability and climatic extremes in the Republic of Chad

The study of trends and extremes in the Republic of Chad yields that, reduced Center index shows large Inter-annual variability of rainfall that is organized in a wet (1960-1970) phase followed by a dry phase  (1971-1993) and a climb up to (1994-2008). This rainfall deficit over a long period has caused a larger decline in annual rainfall, which is 15.3%. What is relatively high compared to similar studies carried out in the West African region and Central Africa (about 7%). The percentage of the number of rainfall events decreases so that the disc of consecutive dry days increases. The temperatures of the hot days and nights increase exponentially. These events prove to the requisite standard that, the Republic of Chad is not immune to the phenomenon of climate change. The realization of such events bears witness to their probabilistic and non-linear character. Keywords: variability, precipitation, extreme temperatures, Chad

Sparkling ′′wine′′ production tests from extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. flowers

The red calyces of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. are widely used in the production of soft drinks in Africa. The anthocyanin pigments of the calyx give a red color to the drinks which are very appreciated by populations. The aim of this study was to develop a sparkling drink with characteristics similar to those of red wine. The production tests were carried out with the calyces of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. commonly called "Bissap" and three types of fermentation: one based on palm wine lees, another by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a third by endogenous fermentation or control wine. Physicochemical analyzes showed that the wine obtained from palm wine lees at 17th days had a pH of 2.77 ± 0.07, an acidity of 116.99 ± 13.03 (mmol H+ / L), a degree Brix of 7.5 ± 0.25%, an alcohol degree of 7.05 ± 0.24% and energy value of 74.27 ± 2.77 (Kcal / 100 ml). Sensorial tests revealed that the “bissap wine” obtained with fermentation based on palm wine lees had organoleptic characteristics very similar to grape wine. Les calices rouges d’Hibiscus sabdariffa L. sont beaucoup utilisés dans la production de boisson rafraîchissante en Afrique. Les pigments anthocyaniques des calices confèrent une couleur rouge aux boissons très appréciées par les populations. L’objectif de cette étude était de mettre au point une boisson pétillante qui a des caractéristiques similaires au vin rouge. Les essais de production ont été réalisés en utilisant les calices d’Hibiscus sabdariffa L. communément appelées « Bissap » et trois types de fermentation dont une à base de la lie du vin de palme, une seconde à partir de Saccharomyces cerevisiae et une troisième par une fermentation endogène ou témoin. Les analyses physico-chimiques ont montré que le vin obtenu à partir de la lie du vin de palme au 17ème jour a un pH de 2,77 ± 0,07, une acidité de 116,99 ± 13,03 (mmol H+/L), un degré brix de 7,5 ± 0,25 %, un degré d’alcool de 7,05 ± 0,24 % et une valeur énergétique de 74,27 ± 2,77 (Kcal/100 ml). Les tests de dégustation ont révélé que le « vin au bissap » obtenu avec le ferment de la lie de vin de palme a des caractéristiques organoleptiques très proches des vins rouges du commerce