Bots, Seeds and People: Web Archives as Infrastructure

The field of web archiving provides a unique mix of human and automated agents collaborating to achieve the preservation of the web. Centuries old theories of archival appraisal are being transplanted into the sociotechnical environment of the World Wide Web with varying degrees of success. The work of the archivist and bots in contact with the material of the web present a distinctive and understudied CSCW shaped problem. To investigate this space we conducted semi-structured interviews with archivists and technologists who were directly involved in the selection of content from the web for archives. These semi-structured interviews identified thematic areas that inform the appraisal process in web archives, some of which are encoded in heuristics and algorithms. Making the infrastructure of web archives legible to the archivist, the automated agents and the future researcher is presented as a challenge to the CSCW and archival community

Educating Library, Archives, and Museum Professionals in the US: Promoting Collaboration, Recognizing the Power of Information and Object in Professional Identity

Two digital curation educators, representing graduate schools of museum studies and information science at Johns Hopkins University and Simmons University, respectively, propose that the field of digital curation transcends disciplinary boundaries and offers opportunities for collaboration across the LAM sector. As students prepare to join the growing international digital curation community, these new professionals will be ready to communicate and cooperate with peers in libraries, archives and museums across the globe and across town. The result will be enhanced access to cultural heritage resources; greater efficiencies and economies of scale realized through wider data services; and improved service to users through the adoption of shared standards, protocols, and professional training—while at the same time maintaining the unique perspectives of each profession. Placement data shows that these graduates are finding jobs across the LAM spectrum, even in the time of Covid-19

Mucosal adhesion phenomenon after maxillary sinus floor elevation: A preclinical study.

AIM To describe the histological events that occur after maxillary sinus floor elevation when the elevated and undetached sinus mucosa are in close proximity or in contact with each other. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 76 rabbits, 152 elevated maxillary sinuses were analyzed histologically. Sites without adhesions were classified as "No proximity," whereas the adhesion stages were divided into "Proximity," "Fusion," and "Synechia stages." The width of the pseudostratified columnar epithelium and the distance between the two layers of the elevated and undetached sinus mucosae were measured at various standardized positions. RESULTS Thirty-one sites presenting with adhesions were found. Twelve sites were in the proximity stage," presenting cilia of the two epithelial layers that were shortened and interlinked within the mucous context. Hyperactivity of the goblet cells was also observed. In the other cases, the hyperplastic epithelium showed attempts to reach the contralateral mucosa. The 15 "fusion stage" sites presented regions with epithelial cells of the two mucosal layers that penetrated each other. Four sites presented "synechiae stages," represented by bridges of connective tissue connecting the two lamina propria. CONCLUSIONS Close proximity or tight contact between the elevated and undetached mucosa adhering to the bone walls might occur after maxillary sinus floor elevation. This induced hyperplasia of the epithelial cells and adhesion of the two layers until synechiae formation

Educating Digital Curators: Challenges and Opportunities

This paper describes a number of critical challenges faced by digital curation educators and suggests how the choices we make in building educational programs may impact the development of curation as a professional discipline. We focus on curriculum and program building as key steps in defining the educational needs of curators, and we argue for greater collaboration among educators, researchers and practitioners in the field, as a way to speed the emergence of curation as a discipline and to foster the integration of curation programs within libraries and archives

Industrial culture and the challenge of English capitalism: Perceptions of economic change in the British engineering press, 1885-1925

This dissertation examines the British response to the rise of mass production industries beginning in the late 19th century. It challenges the frequent complaint that British entrepreneurs in this period were not alive to the possibilities of monopolistic capitalism until after American and German industrialists had acquired a dominant position in world markets.The most common explanation for this failure, then as now, was that British businessmen were either ignorant of, or culturally hostile to, the idea of large corporations run by professional managerial hierarchies. This bias prevented British companies from making, in Alfred Chandler's words, the necessary "three pronged investment in production, distribution, and management," which led to a gradual erosion of Britain's ability to compete.In an effort to evaluate these arguments, this work asks three main questions about Britain's industrial culture. First, was there a general anti-industrial prejudice which sapped morale and discouraged effective entrepreneurship? Second, were British businessmen responsive to change, especially innovations from abroad? Lastly, how well informed was the business public about the three pronged investment, as a crucial innovation in industrial strategy?To address these questions, a large sampling of British engineering journals was examined. These offer a rich source of commentary on the sweeping change in business methods associated with the second industrial revolution. In some cases they represent the actual views of industrialists and managers, but their main function was to provide news about the latest methods and practices of industrial firms from around the world. Thus, they offer important clues about what British managers and engineers knew and understood at the time.The conclusion drawn is that British entrepreneurs almost certainly understood the full extent of the changes brought on by mass production and corporate capitalism. The sources make it clear that by the late Victorian years at least, British industry had become part of a highly cosmopolitan business culture which vigorously defended itself against anyone who questioned the value or national importance of modern industry. Hence, it is unlikely that purely cultural factors were responsible for Britain losing its dominant share of world markets in this era.U of I OnlyETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissio

Building Digital Cultural Heritage Collections in Arizona

Arizona has an exceptionally rich cultural heritage, and yet only a small fraction of this legacy has been digitized and made available online through the Arizona Memory Project and other collections. With IMLS funding, the University of Arizona’s DigIn program is carrying out research (grant ending 2012) on digital collection development and digital curation activities in a diverse sampling of Tucson-area cultural heritage institutions, especially those representing underserved communities. We are gathering data on a range of factors influencing the decision to start digital projects, and the sustainability of digitization at a time of limited resources. Our goal is to assess the feasibility of new or expanded digital projects, and to define best practices for institutions pursuing small-scale digitization efforts especially. In this program we will share our preliminary results and discuss future efforts to advance the digitization of cultural heritage by librarians and information professionals across Arizona and the West.Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS)This item is part of the GPSC Student Showcase collection. For more information about the Student Showcase, please email the GPSC (Graduate and Professional Student Council) at [email protected]