80 research outputs found

    Analysis of Collectivism and Egoism Phenomena within the Context of Social Welfare

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    Comparative benefits provided by the basic social strategies including collectivism and egoism are investigated within the framework of democratic decision-making. In particular, we study the mechanism of growing "snowball" of cooperation.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures. Translated from Russian. Original Russian Text published in Problemy Upravleniya, 2008, No. 4, pp. 30-3

    Sequential and co-tunneling behavior in the temperature-dependent thermopower of few-electron quantum dots

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    We have studied the temperature dependent thermopower of gate-defined, lateral quantum dots in the Coulomb blockade regime using an electron heating technique. The line shape of the thermopower oscillations depends strongly on the contributing tunneling processes. Between 1.5 K and 40 mK a crossover from a pure sawtooth- to an intermitted sawtooth-like line shape is observed. The latter is attributed to the increasing dominance of cotunneling processes in the Coulomb blockade regime at low temperatures.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

    Mechanism of efficient anti-Markovnikov olefin hydroarylation catalyzed by homogeneous Ir(III) complexes

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    The mechanism of the hydroarylation reaction between unactivated olefins (ethylene, propylene, and styrene) and benzene catalyzed by [(R)Ir(μ-acac-O,O,C^3)-(acac-O,O)_2]_2 and [R-Ir(acac-O,O)_2(L)] (R = acetylacetonato, CH_3, CH_2CH_3, Ph, or CH_2CH_2Ph, and L = H_2O or pyridine) Ir(III) complexes was studied by experimental methods. The system is selective for generating the anti-Markovnikov product of linear alkylarenes (61 : 39 for benzene + propylene and 98 : 2 for benzene + styrene). The reaction mechanism was found to follow a rate law with first-order dependence on benzene and catalyst, but a non-linear dependence on olefin. ^(13)C-labelling studies with CH_3^(13)CH_2-Ir-Py showed that reversible β-hydride elimination is facile, but unproductive, giving exclusively saturated alkylarene products. The migration of the ^(13)C-label from the α to β-positions was found to be slower than the C–H activation of benzene (and thus formation of ethane and Ph-d_5-Ir-Py). Kinetic analysis under steady state conditions gave a ratio of the rate constants for CH activation and β-hydride elimination (k_(CH): k_β) of 0.5. The comparable magnitude of these rates suggests a common rate determining transition state/intermediate, which has been shown previously with B3LYP density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Overall, the mechanism of hydroarylation proceeds through a series of pre-equilibrium dissociative steps involving rupture of the dinuclear species or the loss of L from Ph-Ir-L to the solvento, 16-electron species, Ph-Ir(acac-O,O)_2-Sol (where Sol refers to coordinated solvent). This species then undergoes trans to cis isomerization of the acetylacetonato ligand to yield the pseudo octahedral species cis-Ph-Ir-Sol, which is followed by olefin insertion (the regioselective and rate determining step), and then activation of the C–H bond of an incoming benzene to generate the product and regenerate the catalyst

    COMPLEMENTARITY OF MEDICAL, SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CARE IN TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL (AS REPORTED BY DOCTORS AND PATIENTS)

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    Questionnaire survey in 236 doctors and 584 patients has shown that provision of social and psychological support to tuberculosis patients is very limited despite the significant demand for it, which provides negative impact on treatment and rehabilitation results. The article presents various possible actions aimed to improve this situation

    КОМПЛЕМЕНТАРНОСТЬ ОКАЗАНИЯ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ, СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ И ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ ВО ФТИЗИАТРИИ (в оценках врачей и пациентов)

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    Questionnaire survey in 236 doctors and 584 patients has shown that provision of social and psychological support to tuberculosis patients is very limited despite the significant demand for it, which provides negative impact on treatment and rehabilitation results. The article presents various possible actions aimed to improve this situation.Анкетирование 236 врачей и 584 пациентов показало, что оказание пациентам фтизиатрического профиля как социальной, так и психологической помощи носит, несмотря на несомненную восстребованность в них, очень ограниченный характер, что отрицательно сказывается на результатах лечебно-реабилитационного процесса. В данном контексте предложены возможные корректирующие мероприятия

    Multidrug Resistance of <i>F. tularensis</i> subsp. <i>holarctica</i>, Epizootiological and Epidemiological Analysis of the Situation on Tularemia in the Russian Federation in 2022 and Forecast for 2023

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    The review provides concise information on the innate ability of cells of the tularemia pathogen, Francisella tularensis subsp. Holarctica, to resist antimicrobials through a variety of mechanisms, leading to its multi-resistance. In total, taking into account new territories, 120 cases of human infection were registered in the Russian Federation in 2022. Epizootic manifestations of the infection of varying degrees of intensity were detected in 58 constituent entities. Against this background, sporadic cases of tularemia in humans were reported in 18 regions of the country. An outbreak of tularemia occurred in the Stavropol Territory; the disease of mild and moderate severity was found in 76 people. The increased incidence of tularemia persists in the Republic of Karelia with severe cases of the disease in the absence of immunoprophylaxis of this infection in the region. A total of 61 cultures of the tularemia pathogen F. tularensis subsp. holarctica, out of which 20 erythromycin-resistant strains were isolated in the Stavropol Territory. In addition, 8 cultures of F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica from a silt sample and mites Dermacentor silvarum and Haemaphysalis concinna caught in the Republic of Altai were isolated. On the territory of the Russian Federation in 2022, 930 999 people were vaccinated and revaccinated against tularemia. Based on the analysis of the data obtained in 2022, epidemic complications in 2023 in the form of sporadic cases of the disease among the unvaccinated population are most likely to occur in the territories of the Central Federal District – in the Vladimir, Ryazan and Smolensk Regions; Northwestern Federal District – in the Arkhangelsk Region and the Republic of Karelia; Southern Federal District – in the Volgograd and Rostov Regions. The situation in the North Caucasian Federal District will remain tense in the Stavropol Territory; in the Volga Federal District – in the territories of the Saratov Region, as well as in the Kirov Region and the Republic of Mordovia; Ural Federal District – in Khanty-Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Districts; Siberian Federal District – in certain territories of Omsk, Kemerovo, Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Irkutsk Regions, Altai, Krasnoyarsk Territories; in the Far Eastern Federal District, the most intense epizootic activity of natural tularemia foci is in Primorsky Krai

    A fast and low-power microelectromechanical system-based non-volatile memory device

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    Several new generation memory devices have been developed to overcome the low performance of conventional silicon-based flash memory. In this study, we demonstrate a novel non-volatile memory design based on the electromechanical motion of a cantilever to provide fast charging and discharging of a floating-gate electrode. The operation is demonstrated by using an electromechanical metal cantilever to charge a floating gate that controls the charge transport through a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor. The set and reset currents are unchanged after more than 11 h constant operation. Over 500 repeated programming and erasing cycles were demonstrated under atmospheric conditions at room temperature without degradation. Multinary bit programming can be achieved by varying the voltage on the cantilever. The operation speed of the device is faster than a conventional flash memory and the power consumption is lower than other memory devices

    Эффективность фотодинамической терапии больной ранним центральным раком лёгкого и муковисцидозом

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    oai:oai.bioph.elpub.ru:article/349The authors describe a clinical observation with full clinical effect after multi-course photodynamic therapy of a patient with central lung cancer and cystic fibrosis using Photoditazine. Photoditazine was administered intravenously at a dose of 0.8 mg/kg 2 hours before the irradiation session. Irradiation parameters: power density – 150 mW/cm2, energy density – 200 J/cm2. In total, 3 courses of photodynamic therapy were performed. As a result of the treatment, a complete regression of the tumor was noted. The patient has been under dynamic observation for 2 years after treatment, no relapse was observed.Авторы описывают клиническое наблюдение с полным клиническим эффектом после многокурсовой фотодинамической терапии больной центральным раком легких и муковисцидозом с использованием фотодитазина. Фотодитазин вводили внутривенно в дозе 0,8 мг/кг за 2 ч до проведения сеанса облучения. Параметры облучения: плотность мощности – 150 мВт/см2, плотность энергии – 200 Дж/см2. Всего было проведено 3 курса фотодинамической терапии. В результате проведенного лечения отмечена полная регрессия опухоли. Пациентка находится под динамическим наблюдением в течение 2 лет после лечения, рецидива не выявлено
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