7,004 research outputs found
Detecting entanglement of two electron spin qubits with witness operators
We propose a scheme for detecting entanglement between two electron spin
qubits in a double quantum dot using an entanglement witness operator. We first
calculate the optimal configuration of the two electron spins, defined as the
position in the energy level spectrum where, averaged over the nuclear spin
distribution, 1) the probability to have two separated electrons, and 2) the
degree of entanglement of the quantum state quantified by the concurrence are
both large. Using a density matrix approach, we then calculate the evolution of
the expectation value of the witness operator for the two-spin singlet state,
taking into account the effect of decoherence due to quantum charge
fluctuations modeled as a boson bath. We find that, for large interdot
coupling, it is possible to obtain a highly entangled and robust ground state.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Entanglement and the Quantum Brachistochrone Problem
Entanglement is closely related to some fundamental features of the dynamics
of composite quantum systems: quantum entanglement enhances the "speed" of
evolution of certain quantum states, as measured by the time required to reach
an orthogonal state. The concept of "speed" of quantum evolution constitutes an
important ingredient in any attempt to determine the fundamental limits that
basic physical laws impose on how fast a physical system can process or
transmit information. Here we explore the relationship between entanglement and
the speed of quantum evolution in the context of the quantum brachistochrone
problem. Given an initial and a final state of a composite system we consider
the amount of entanglement associated with the brachistochrone evolution
between those states, showing that entanglement is an essential resource to
achieve the alluded time-optimal quantum evolution.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures. Corrected typos in Eqs. 1 and
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Towards Understanding the Politics of Flex Crops and Commodities: Implications for Research and Policy Advocacy
This discussion paper offers a preliminary exploration of the concept and phenomenon of âflex crops and commoditiesâ, building on an earlier and initial analysis and abbreviated idea put forward by some of the authors of this paper.
We discuss the dual concepts of the âmultiple-nessâ and âflexible-nessâ of crops and commodities as two distinct but intertwined dimensions of some key crops and commodities.
These key crops and commodities are shaped by the changing global context that is itself (re)moulded in large part by the convergence of multiple crises and the various responses to those crises. Building on these dual concepts, we will identify and explain the minimum requirements for crop and commodity flexing.
We will also try to typologize the various types of crop and commodity flexing, namely, âreal flexingâ, âanticipated/speculated flexingâ, and âimagined flexingââto allow for a deeper examination of these interrelated processes.
The boundaries between these categories (multiple/flexible, real, anticipated and imagined) are not always clearly demarcated, requiring us to examine the issue of flex crops and commodities in a more interlinked manner.
We will focus our initial exploration on the political dynamics of such interactions and intersections, looking into the factors that encourage or discourage, facilitate or hinder maximization of the âmultiple-nessâ and/or âflexible-nessâ of particular crops and commodities.
Finally, and as a way of closing, we will outline the implications of these dynamics for how we think of engaged research, public actions and policy advocacy, including a brief discussion of what we call âflex policy narrativesâ by governments and corporations.
Scholar-Activism and Land Struggles:Agrarian Change & Peasant Studies
This book is about scholar-activism and political struggles for land. Scholar-activism is a way of working that tries to change society by combining the best features of radical academic and political activist traditions, despite the many contradictions and challenges that this entails. The role played by scholar-activists in land struggles is important, but is not straightforward. This book unapologetically celebrates the contributions of scholar-activism in land struggles and scholarship, but more than this, it is about exploring the contradictions and challenges facing scholar-activism. It is neither a glorification of the achievements of scholar-activism, nor a set of prescriptive propositions on how to âdoâ scholar-activism. Rather, it addresses contentious issues in scholar-activism, many of which are rarely discussed, or are discussed only gingerly and awkwardly when they cannot be avoided. It is a book written by two scholar-activists who have focused their individual and collaborative research and activist works on the politics of land and the role played by radical agrarian movements. Insights in this book are drawn on the experiences of the authors working in the three main sites of global knowledge circuits: academic institutions, independent research institutions oriented to practical politics, and left-wing agrarian movements
Land rush
Studies and debates on the issue of land grabs have generatedmultiple terms and concepts that are used loosely andinterchangeably, such as large-scale land acquisitions, land grab,land deals, land enclosure, and land rush, among others.Explanations and critiques of such terms have built and enrichedour knowledge. Yet, there is one term that has been underexplored:land rush. Here, we offer our own definition of a âlandrushâ, which has a different meaning from the other commonlyused terms. These differences have important theoretical,methodological and political extensions and implications.Applying the lens of âland rushâ requires us to adjust our focus,and shows that the literature and public debates have focused onâconcluded, operational land acquisitionsâ; they have tended to bedismissive of âfailed land dealsâ, blind to âpin prickâ types of landaccumulation, and have rarely taken the âland rushâ itself as theunit of inquiry and subject of public debate in any systematicway. This has led to a fragmented knowledge. Using the conceptof the âland rushâ enables us to connect the issue of land grabs tobroader global social life more effectively. As such, it is a keyconcept in Critical Agrarian Studies
Plantationocene and Contemporary Agrarian Struggles
Wolfordâs (2021) article on the Plantationocene compels us to reexamine the state of agrarian struggles today in relation to struggles within and against capitalism. Although contemporary agrarian movements are relatively vibrant overall, their movement organizations and alliances tend to be sectoral and localized, and plantation workers remain weakly organized. This commentary argues that agrarian struggles can become more relevant if they are better embedded within broader anticapitalist struggles; conversely, broad anticapitalist struggles are better grounded if they are linked to contemporary agrarian struggles. The Plantationocene scholarship validates this point; moreover, scholarship on the Plantationocene can beenriched by engagement with studies on agrarian struggles
Fundamental Limits on the Speed of Evolution of Quantum States
This paper reports on some new inequalities of
Margolus-Levitin-Mandelstam-Tamm-type involving the speed of quantum evolution
between two orthogonal pure states. The clear determinant of the qualitative
behavior of this time scale is the statistics of the energy spectrum. An
often-overlooked correspondence between the real-time behavior of a quantum
system and the statistical mechanics of a transformed (imaginary-time)
thermodynamic system appears promising as a source of qualitative insights into
the quantum dynamics.Comment: 6 pages, 1 eps figur
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