Investigation of Exchange Current at Interface Aluminum | Chloroaluminate Ionic Liquid 1-Ethyl-3- Methylimidazolium Chloride by Impedance Spectroscopy

Впервые были измерены токи обмена на границе алюминия с хлоралюминатной ионной жидкостью (ИЖ) 1-этил-3-метилимидазолий хлорид методом фадеевского импеданса. Ток обмена на границе алюминия с кислой ИЖ, в которой присутствует анион Al2Cl7–, на 3 порядка выше тока обмена на границе алюминия с нейтральной ИЖ. Следовательно, ион Al2Cl7– является основной электроактивной частицей в расплаве. В кислых ИЖ ток обмена не зависит от мольной доли хлорида алюминия в ИЖ и составляет 1.6 мА∙см-2.The exchange currents at the interface between aluminum and chloroaluminate ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride were measured for the first time by impedance spectroscopy. The exchange current values at the interface between aluminum and acidic IL is three orders of magnitude higher than at the interface between aluminum and neutral IL because of Al2Cl7– anion existence. Therefore, the Al2Cl7– ion is the main electroactive particle in the melt. The exchange current in acidic ILs does not depend on the molar fraction of aluminum chloride in IL and is equal to 1.6 mA∙cm-2

VISCOSITY OF CHLORALUMINATE IONIC LIQUID 1‑BUTYL‑3‑METHYLIMIDAZOLIUM CHLORIDE

The kinematic viscosity of the AlCl3–1‑butyl‑3‑methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIm]Cl) ionic liquid with AlCl3 /[BMIm]Cl molar ratios — 0,8; 0,9; 1,0; 1,3; 1,7; 2,0 were measured in the temperature range from 0 to 100 °С. The kinematic viscosity values are in the range from 3,148 to 40,959 mm 2 ∙ s–1. It is shown that the kinematic viscosity decreases with an increase in the introduced AlCl3 concentration. It can be assumed that the energy of the cation-anionic interaction changes in the following order: [BMIm]+ and Al2Cl7 – < [BMIm]+ and AlCl4 – < [BMIm]+ and Cl–.Получены экспериментальные значения кинематической вязкости ионной жидкости AlCl3–1‑бутил‑3‑метилимидазолий хлорид ([BMIm]Cl) с мольными отношениями AlCl3 /[BMIm]Cl 0,8; 0,9; 1,0; 1,3; 1,7; 2,0 в температурном диапазоне от 0 до 100 °С. Значения кинематической вязкости лежат в диапазоне от 3,148 до 40,959 мм 2 ∙ с–1. Показано, что кинематическая вязкость уменьшается при увеличении концентрации вводимого AlCl3. Можно предположить, что энергия катион-анионного взаимодействия меняется в следующем порядке: [BMIm]+ и Al2Cl7 – < [BMIm]+ и AlCl4 – < [BMIm]+ и Cl–

DETERMINATION OF 1-ETHYL-3-METHYLIMIDAZOLIUM CHLORALUMINATE IONIC COMPOSITION BY RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY

Получены спектры комбинационного рассеяния (КР) ионной жидкости состава AlCl3 / 1-этил-3-метилимидазолий хлорид ([EMIM]Cl) с мольными отношениями 1; 1,5; 2. По данным спектров определено наличие ионов [EMIM]+, AlCl4- и Al2Cl7-, и установлена тенденция изменения концентрации заряженных частиц в зависимости от содержания AlCl3 в исследуемом электролите.Raman spectra of the AlCl3/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([EMIM]Cl) ionic liquid with a molar ratio of 1; 1.5; 2 were obtained. According to the Raman spectroscopy data the presence of [EMIM]+, AlCl4- and Al2Cl7- ions were determined. It was established that the charged particles concentration depends on the AlCl3 content in the studied electrolytes

Hard Spectra of X-Ray Pulsars from INTEGRAL Data

We present spectra for 34 accretion-powered X-ray and one millisecond pulsars that were within the field of view of the INTEGRAL observatory over two years (December 2002 - January 2005) of its in-orbit operation and that were detected by its instruments at a statistically significant level (> 8 sigma in the energy range 18--60 keV). There are seven recently discovered objects of this class among the pulsars studied: 2RXP J130159.6-635806, IGR/AX J16320-4751, IGR J16358-4726, AX J163904-4642, IGR J16465-4507, SAX/IGR J18027-2017 and AX J1841.0-0535. We have also obtained hard X-ray (> 20 keV) spectra for the accretion-powered pulsars A 0114+650, RX J0146.9+6121, AX J1820.5-1434, AX J1841.0-0535 and the millisecond pulsar XTE J1807-294 for the first time. We analyze the evolution of spectral parameters as a function of the intensity of the sources and compare these with the results of previous studies.Comment: 33 pages, 2 figures Astronomy Letters, 31, pp. 729 (2005