7 research outputs found

    RELEVANCIA DEL DIAGNÓSTICO DIFERENCIAL ENTRE EL SÍNDROME AÓRTICO AGUDO Y EL SÍNDROME CORONARIO AGUDO EN PACIENTES CON DOLOR TORÁCICO Y CRISIS HIPERTENSIVA: REVISIÓN A PROPÓSITO DE 2 CASOS / Relevance of the differential diagnosis between acute aortic syndrome and acute coronary syndrome in patients with thoracic pain and hypertensive crisis: review on 2 case reports

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    Acute aortic syndrome is a pathological process with low incidence compared with acute coronary syndrome, although with a worse prognosis in the short term, which is why its early diagnosis and urgent treatment are essential to the favorable evolution of thepatient. Electrocardiographic changes suggestive of myocardial ischemia, with acute evolution, are rare in acute aortic syndrome. Even in the presence of a suggestive thoracic pain and high levels of blood pressure, an adequate differential diagnosis is of utmost importance, since the administration of anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy in high doses can have a dramatic impact on patient outcome. Two cases are presented in which electrocardiographic changes determined the action to take in patients with acute aortic syndrome

    Relevancia del diagnóstico diferencial entre el síndrome aórtico agudo y el síndrome coronario agudo en pacientes con dolor torácico y crisis hipertensiva: Revisión a propósito de 2 casos

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    Acute aortic syndrome is a pathological process with low incidence compared with acute coronary syndrome, although with a worse prognosis in the short term, which is why its early diagnosis and urgent treatment are essential to the favorable evolution of the patient. Electrocardiographic changes suggestive of myocardial ischemia, with acute evolution, are rare in acute aortic syndrome. Even in the presence of a suggestive thoracic pain and high levels of blood pressure, an adequate differential diagnosis is of utmost importance, since the administration of anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy in high doses can have a dramatic impact on patient outcome. Two cases are presented in which electrocardiographic changes determined the action to take in patients with acute aortic syndrome Acute aortic syndrome, acute coronary syndrome, malignant hypertension.El síndrome aórtico agudo es un proceso patológico de baja incidencia en comparación con el síndrome coronario agudo, aunque con peor pronóstico a corto plazo, razón por la cual su diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento urgente son esenciales para la evolución favorable del paciente. Las alteraciones electrocardiográficas sugestivas de isquemia miocárdica, de evolución aguda, son poco frecuentes en el síndrome aórtico agudo, aunque en presencia de un dolor torácico sugestivo y cifras elevadas de presión arterial, un adecuado diagnóstico diferencial cobra suma importancia, ya que la administración de anticoagulación y antiagregación a altas dosis puede tener un impacto dramático en la evolución del paciente. Se presentan 2 casos clínicos en los que las alteraciones electrocardiográficas determinaron la conducta a seguir en pacientes con síndrome aórtico agudo

    FIBRILACIÓN AURICULAR ISQUÉMICA / Ischemic atrial fibrillation

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    Resumen: La fibrilación auricular es la arritmia más frecuente en el período peri-infarto agudo de miocardio, aunque su presencia asociada tan solo a la fase de isquemia aguda y su inmediato cese tras una revascularización precoz y efectiva es testimonial en la literatura, con la consiguiente falta de evidencia para su posterior tratamiento. Se presenta un caso clínico en el que el intervencionismo coronario precoz consiguió la cardioversión a ritmo sinusal de una fibrilación auricular en el curso de un infarto agudo de miocardio, posteriormente se discute la estrategia a seguir en torno a la arritmia en un paciente con buena evolución clínica tras el suceso. / Abstract: Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in the periacute myocardial infarc-tion period, although its presence associated only to the acute phase of ischemia and its immediate cessation after early and effective revascularization is anecdotal in the literature, with a consequent lack of evidence for further treatment. A clinical case in which early coronary intervention managed to achieve a cardioversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm during an acute myocardial infarction is reported. Subsequently, it is discussed the strategy that must be followed with regard to arrhythmia in a patient with good clinical outcome after the event

    Fibrilación auricular isquémica

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    Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in the peri-acute myocardial infarc-tion period, although its presence associated only to the acute phase of ischemia and its immediate cessation after early and effective revascularization is anecdotal in the literature, with a consequent lack of evidence for further treatment. A clinical case in which early coronary intervention managed to achieve a cardioversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm during an acute myocardial infarction is reported. Subse-quently, it is discussed the strategy that must be followed with regard to arrhythmia in a patient with good clinical outcome after the event.La fibrilación auricular es la arritmia más frecuente en el período peri-infarto agudo de miocardio, aunque su presencia asociada tan solo a la fase de isquemia aguda y su inmediato cese tras una revascularización precoz y efectiva es testimonial en la literatura, con la consiguiente falta de evidencia para su posterior tratamiento. Se presenta un caso clínico en el que el intervencionismo coronario precoz consiguió la cardioversión a ritmo sinusal de una fibrilación auricular en el curso de un infarto agudo de miocardio, posteriormente se discute la estrategia a seguir en torno a la arritmia en un paciente con buena evolución clínica tras el suceso

    Efectividad a 5 años de balón farmacoactivo con paclitaxel en reestenosis de stent coronario en la práctica clínica

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    Introduction and objectives: Coronary in-stent restenosis (ISR) is associated with a high target lesion revascularization rate, while the drug-eluting balloon (DEB) presents IA class level of evidence for its treatment. Nevertheless, very long-term outcomes of DEB for ISR in non-selected populations of patients are unknown. Our goal is to evaluate the very long-term (5 year) effectiveness of DEBs in a real-world registry. Methods: Retrospective registry from an ISR cohort treated with DEB. The primary outcome was the rate of target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 5 years. Secondary outcomes were evaluated according to the ARC-2 criteria. Results: From January 2010 through December 2013, 53 ISRs were treated using DEBs in 48 patients. Patients were old (69.3 ± 11.8 years-old) and 55.8% had diabetes. The rate of TLR at 1 year was 9.4%, and 20.8% at 3 and 5 years, respectively. The rate of late TLR (after the first year) was 11.4%, only after DEB for bare metal ISR. The 5-year TLR was not associated with diabetes (22.7% vs 19.2%; P = .76), and was not significantly lower after cutting-balloon (12.5% vs 24.3%; P = .47) or in bare-metal stent ISR (20.6% vs 21.1%; P = .96). There was no definite/probable stent thrombosis of the lesions treated with DEB at follow-up. Conclusions: In a real-world cohort, the 5-year TLR rate after DEB for ISR was 20.8%. Late TLR accounted for half of the TLR at follow-up (after DEB for bare metal ISR), while the rate of TLR seemed to stabilize at 3 years. There was no stent thrombosis of the lesions treated with DEB.Introducción y objetivos: La reestenosis de stents coronarios (RS) presentan altas tasas de necesidad de revascularización, y el balón farmacoactivo (BFA) presenta clase I (nivel de evidencia A) en su tratamiento. La eficacia de esta estrategia a muy largo plazo en pacientes no seleccionados es desconocida. Se pretende evaluar la eficacia del BFA en un registro de pacientes de la práctica clínica a muy largo plazo de seguimiento (5 años). Métodos: Registro retrospectivo de una cohorte formada por pacientes con RS tratados con BFA. El evento primario fue la tasa de revascularización de la lesión tratada (RLT) con BFA a 5 años. Se valoraron eventos secundarios según los criterios Academic Research Consortium-2. Resultados: Entre enero de 2010 y diciembre de 2013 se usó BFA de forma eficaz en 53 RS de 48 pacientes. Los pacientes presentaban edad avanzada (69,3 ± 11,8 años) y alta prevalencia de diabetes (55,8%). La tasa de RLT a 1 año fue del 9,4%, y del 20,8% a los 3 y 5 años. La tasa de RLT tardía (más allá del año de seguimiento) fue del 11,4%, tan solo en reestenosis de stent convencional. La RLT a 5 años no se asoció a diabetes (22,7 frente a 19,2%; p = 0,76) ni fue significativamente menor con el uso de balón de corte (12,5 frente a 24,3%; p = 0,47) o en reestenosis de stent convencional (20,6 frente a 21,1%; p = 0,96). No hubo casos de trombosis de stent definitiva/probable de la lesión tratada con BFA. Conclusiones: En una cohorte de la práctica clínica, el BFA para RS presenta una RLT a 5 años del 20,8%. La RLT tardía supone la mitad de los casos a lo largo del seguimiento, y se produce en RS convencional. La tasa de RLT parece estabilizarse a partir del tercer año de seguimiento. No se evidenció trombosis de stent de la lesión tratada con BFA

    Resultado a los 5 años del balón de corte o incisión en el tratamiento de la reestenosis de stent coronario con balón farmacoactivo

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    Introduction and objectives: Drug-eluting balloon (DEB) angioplasty is an effective technique to treat in-stent restenosis (ISR). Neointimal modification with cutting balloon (CB) or scoring balloon (SB) enhances the angiographic results of DEB, but with no benefits have been reported in the clinical endpoints at the mid-term. There is lack of information on the clinical long-term results of this strategy. We aim to compare very long-term results of CB before DEB vs standard DEB to treat real-world patients with ISR. Methods: Retrospective cohort registry of DEB PCIs to treat ISR defined by the use of CB. The primary endpoint was clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 5 years. The secondary endpoints were based on the ARC-2 criteria. Results: From January 2010 to December 2015, 107 ISRs were treated with DEB in 91 patients. CBs were used in 51 lesions (46 patients). Both cohorts were well balanced regarding clinical, lesion, and procedural characteristics. Compared to standard DEBs, CBs showed lower, although statistically non-significant rates, of TLR at 5 years (9.8% vs 23.6%, OR, 0.36; 95% confidence interval 0.19 to 1.09 P = .05). The Kaplan-Meier cumulative incidence of time until TLR showed similar results (log-rank test P value = .05) with similar rates of TLR at 1 year (3.9% vs 7.1%, P = .68) as curve separation in the long-term. There were no differences in the secondary endpoints. No stent thrombosis was reported. Conclusions: In a real-world setting, neointimal modification with CB before DEB vs standard DEB to treat ISR shows lower, although statistically non-significant rates of TLR at 5 years. This benefit has been confirmed in the long-term and is consistent with bare-metal and drug-eluting stents.Introducción y objetivos: El uso de balón farmacoactivo (BFA) es una estrategia efectiva en el tratamiento de la reestenosis de stents coronarios (RIS). La modificación neointimal con balón de corte (BC) o incisión junto con BFA se asocia a mejores resultados angiográficos, aunque sin impacto en eventos clínicos a medio plazo. Los resultados clínicos de esta estrategia a muy largo plazo en la vida real son desconocidos. Se evaluó la eficacia de BC junto con BFA frente a BFA estándar en un registro de pacientes de la vida real con RIS a muy largo plazo (5 años). Métodos: Registro retrospectivo de 2 cohortes de pacientes con RIS tratados con BFA, definidas por el uso de BC. El evento primario fue la tasa de revascularización clínicamente indicada de la lesión tratada a 5 años. Se valoraron eventos secundarios según los criterios ARC-2. Resultados: Entre enero de 2010 y diciembre de 2015 se usó BFA en 107 RIS en 91 pacientes. En 51 lesiones (46 pacientes) se utilizó BC. Ambas cohortes presentaron similares características clínicas y de procedimiento. Respecto al uso estándar de BFA, el BC consiguió una reducción numérica, pero no significativa, en la tasa de revascularización de la lesión tratada a 5 años (9,8% frente a 23,6%; odds ratio = 0,36; intervalo de confianza del 95%, 0,19-1,09; p = 0,05). El análisis de incidencia acumulada de Kaplan-Meier mostró resultados parecidos (log-rank, p = 0,05), con similar tasa de eventos a 1 año (3,9% frente a 7,1%; p = 0,68), y separación de las curvas con el tiempo. No se evidenciaron diferencias en los eventos secundarios. No hubo trombosis de stent en la cohorte. Conclusiones: En una cohorte de la vida real, la modificación neointimal de la RIS con BC junto con BFA, en comparación con BFA estándar, logra una reducción numérica, pero no significativa, en la tasa de revascularización de la lesión tratada a 5 años. El beneficio de esta estrategia se evidencia a largo plazo y es consistente entre RIS de stent convencional y de stent farmacoactivo

    Efficacy and safety of abciximab versus tirofiban in addition to ticagrelor in STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous intervention

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    Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs) have been part of the adjuvant treatment of acute coronary syndrome for years. However, real-life data regarding the efficacy and safety of GPIs under the current indications are lacking in the setting of potent platelet inhibition. The objectives were to assess the efficacy and safety of abciximab versus tirofiban in patients with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) and pretreated with ticagrelor, and to identify independent predictor factors of efficacy, bleeding and platelet drop. Three hundred sixty-two patients were divided by GPI administered. Clinical, laboratory, angiographic and outcome characteristics were compared. The primary objective was a composite efficacy endpoint (death from any cause, nonfatal myocardial infarction and nonfatal stroke) at 30 days. The secondary objectives were its individual components, safety (bleeding) and the impact on platelet count during hospital stay. The composite efficacy endpoint was similar in the abciximab and tirofiban groups (6.1% vs 7.3%; p = .632). There were also no differences in cardiovascular death (2.5% vs 2.4%; p = .958), nonfatal myocardial infarction (3% vs 4.3%; p = .521) and nonfatal stroke (0.5% vs 1.8%; p = .332). Tirofiban administration was associated with a higher incidence of bleeding (11.6% vs 22%; p = .008) with no differences in BARC ≥ 3b bleeding (3.6 vs 2.5%; p = .760). In STEMI patients undergoing PPCI with ticagrelor, abciximab and tirofiban had similar rates in the composite efficacy endpoint at 30 days. The 30-day bleeding rate was significantly higher in the tirofiban group. Tirofiban administration was an independent predictor of both bleeding and platelet count drop
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