403 research outputs found
Rationalizing the UTMS spectrum bids: the case of the UK auction
This paper considers bidder behaviour in the United Kingdom’s UMTS spectrum
auction. Evidence is reviewed which shows that some bidders in this auction did
not bid straightforwardly in accordance with fixed valuations of the licenses. We
go on to consider more speculative hypotheses about bidders’ behaviour, such as
the hypotheses that bidders revised their valuations in the light of other bidders’
behaviour, or that bidders’ valuations of licenses depended on which other companies
appeared likely to win a license. We find weak evidence in favor of some of these
hypotheses, but no hypothesis is supported by strong direct evidence. We conclude
that the rationalization of bidding in the United Kingdom’s UMTS auction remains
problematic. As a consequence we are cautious regarding the success of the auction
in achieving an efficient allocation of licenses
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Correlations for Several Important Design Parameters of Turbulent Free Convective Flow within the Trombe Wall Channel
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Cold Air Distribution in Office Buildings: Technology Assessment of California
Coupled Replicator Equations for the Dynamics of Learning in Multiagent Systems
Starting with a group of reinforcement-learning agents we derive coupled
replicator equations that describe the dynamics of collective learning in
multiagent systems. We show that, although agents model their environment in a
self-interested way without sharing knowledge, a game dynamics emerges
naturally through environment-mediated interactions. An application to
rock-scissors-paper game interactions shows that the collective learning
dynamics exhibits a diversity of competitive and cooperative behaviors. These
include quasiperiodicity, stable limit cycles, intermittency, and deterministic
chaos--behaviors that should be expected in heterogeneous multiagent systems
described by the general replicator equations we derive.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures,
http://www.santafe.edu/projects/CompMech/papers/credlmas.html; updated
references, corrected typos, changed conten
Single-mitosis dissection of acute and chronic DNA mutagenesis and repair
How chronic mutational processes and punctuated bursts of DNA damage drive evolution of the cancer genome is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate a strategy to disentangle and quantify distinct mechanisms underlying genome evolution in single cells, during single mitoses and at single-strand resolution. To distinguish between chronic (reactive oxygen species (ROS)) and acute (ultraviolet light (UV)) mutagenesis, we microfluidically separate pairs of sister cells from the first mitosis following burst UV damage. Strikingly, UV mutations manifest as sister-specific events, revealing mirror-image mutation phasing genome-wide. In contrast, ROS mutagenesis in transcribed regions is reduced strand agnostically. Successive rounds of genome replication over persisting UV damage drives multiallelic variation at CC dinucleotides. Finally, we show that mutation phasing can be resolved to single strands across the entire genome of liver tumors from F1 mice. This strategy can be broadly used to distinguish the contributions of overlapping cancer relevant mutational processes
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