Uniqueness of the palatine rugae (ridges) - morphological analysis

The transverse palatine rugae (PR) are asymmetrical and irregular folds of the anterior one third of the palatine mucosa. The PR were considered relevant for the human identification, due to their stability, similar to the fingerprints; their study is identified as palatoscopy. The aim of this study is to describe the shape and the biometrical characteristics of the palatine ridges. We evaluated 72 adult subjects, of which 64 were dentate and 8 edentate. Each patient was imprinted at the level of the upper jaw. Each cast was analyzed in terms of total number of ridges, number of primary, secondary and fragmented ridges, shape, unification and direction. In terms of total number of ridges, the smallest number of ridges was 6, and the largest 18. A feature of the dentate group was the asymmetry of the ridges, only 12 showed paired ridges. Among the non-dentate group we noticed that the total number of ridges is higher in females than in males. The length of the palatine ridges is mainly of a primary type, followed by the secondary type and the fragmentary one. What differentiates the sexes in this case is the number of fragmentate ridges, predominant within female patients. Concerning the shape of the palatine rugae, we noticed, among all the age groups that the linear ridges are predominant, followed by the wavy, curved, angular, punctiform and circular type. Regarding the orientation and the unification of the ridges, we noticed similarities between males and females. The only aspect that may differentiate them is the variety of shapes and their number, which gives them individuality. The palatine rugae are paired only in a small proportion in our study, 19% versus 81%. The length is mainly primary type, regardless of sex, age or degree of edentation. The large number of fragmented ridges is typical to females. The individuality of each ridge drawing is certain as long as we did not encounter identical models

Carotid paragangliomas: case report and imaging review

Background: Presentation of case reviews depicting the imaging characteristics of carotid paragangliomas, associated with a thorough analysis of the anatomical morphological features and the current therapeutic strategies.Materials and methods: We present the cases of 3 patients diagnosed with carotid paragangliomas in our clinic, illustrating diagnostic imaging elements by computer tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but also the postoperative aspect of the carotid system, with respective anatomical, clinical and surgical considerations.Results: The imaging aspect of the carotid paragangliomas is characterised by a mass of soft tissue with intense contrast enhancement and with “salt and pepper” MRI appearance on conventional spin-echo sequences. The postoperative evolution of the patients included in the article was favourable, without any perioperative complications or signs of local tumour recurrence.Conclusions: Carotid paragangliomas are rare, often asymptomatic tumours, but with potential for increased malignancy, which raises the need for good knowledge of the cervical region pathology as well as the features of neuroendocrine tumours. CT and MRI examinations are essential for diagnosis, staging and, implicitly, for establishing the therapeutic strategy

Morphological aspects of the medican sacral artery

Departamentul de morfologie, Facultatea de medicină, Universitatea „Ovidius”, Constanţa, România, Conferința Ştiinţifică Internaţională ”Probleme actuale ale morfologiei” dedicată celor 70 de ani de la fondarea Universității de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Chişinău, 15-16 octombrie 2015Abstract The median sacral artery was evaluated on a number of 44 cases, including 14 dissected cases, while the other 30 cases were on angioCT’s. In all cases, the median sacral artery originated from the posterior face of the aorta, above its terminal branch, at a distance of 5-18 mm. Its vertical downward traject is straight or, more rarely, slightly wavy within the interiliac space; it can be median (40.91% of cases), near the left common iliac artery (31.22% of cases) or near the right one (27, 27% of cases). The median sacral artery caliber was measured on 16 cases (12 males and 4 females), finding it between 1.8 to 6.2 mm, with higher values in males (5.2 to 6 2 mm). The 16 cases were classified as follows: 1.8-2.5 mm: 8 cases (50% of cases); 3.1 to 3.9 mm: 5 cases; 5.2-5.5 mm: 2 cases; 6.2 mm: 1 case

Morphometric characteristics of the aortic arch

Departamentul de morfologie, Facultatea de medicină, Universitatea „Ovidius”, Constanţa, România, Conferința Ştiinţifică Internaţională ”Probleme actuale ale morfologiei” dedicată celor 70 de ani de la fondarea Universității de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Chişinău, 15-16 octombrie 2015Abstract Our results on the morphometry of the aortic arch were obtained from measurements made on a total of 66 angioCT’s, (18 females and 48 males) and the results were compared by gender. The diameter of the aortic arch above the origin of the brachiocephalic arterial trunk was found between 25.8 to 37.5 mm. In female it was 26.4 to 29.4 mm range while in males was between 25.8 to 37.5 mm. The diameter of the aortic arch at the level of the aortic isthmus was found between 20.2 to 28.4 mm, which corresponds to the limits found in males while in females the diameter was 21.3 to 24.1 mm. In males we have not met more than 28.4 mm in diameter. In 12 cases (38.71% of cases) we assessed a progressive decrease of the caliber of the ascending aorta from its origin towards the aortic arch (previously to the origin of the brachiocephalic arterial trunk). Between mid-ascending aorta and the origin of the brachiocephalic trunk the diameter diminished with 0.3 to 1.6 mm, in female from 0.3 to 1.6 mm and in male with 0.3-0.4 mm. Between the brachiocephalic trunk origin and the aortic isthmus (posterior to the left subclavian artery origin) we measured a decrease of the aortic diameter between 3.2 to 7.2, in female 3.2-3.6 mm and in male from 5.4 to 7.2 mm

High origin of a testicular artery: a case report and review of the literature

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Although variations in the origin of the testicular artery are not uncommon, few reports about a high origin from the abdominal aorta exist in the literature. We discuss the case of a high origin of the testicular artery, its embryology, classification systems, and its clinical significance.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report a very rare case of high origin of the left testicular artery in a 68-year-old Caucasian male cadaver. The artery originated from the anterolateral aspect of the abdominal aorta, 2 cm cranially to the ipsilateral renal artery. Approximately 1 cm after its origin, it branched off into the inferior suprarenal artery. During its course, the artery crossed anterior to the left renal artery.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>A knowledge of the variant origin of the testicular artery is important during renal and testicular surgery. The origin and course must be carefully identified in order to preserve normal blood circulation and prevent testicular atrophy. A reduction in gonadal blood flow may lead to varicocele under circumstances. A knowledge of this variant anatomy may be of interest to radiologists and helpful in avoiding diagnostic errors.</p