9 research outputs found
The influence of strong magnetic fields and instantons on the phase structure of the two-flavor NJL model
Both in heavy-ion collisions as in magnetars very strong magnetic fields are
produced, which has its influence on the phases of matter involved. In this
paper we investigate the effect of strong magnetic fields (B = 5 m_pi^2 /e =
1.7 x 10^19 G) on the chiral symmetry restoring phase transition using the
Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. It is observed that the pattern of phase transitions
depends on the relative magnitude of the magnetic field and the instanton
interaction strength. We study two specific regimes in the phase diagram, high
chemical potential and zero temperature and vice versa, which are of relevance
for neutron stars and heavy-ion collisions respectively. In order to shed light
on the behavior of the phase transitions we study the dependence of the minima
of the effective potential on the occupation of Landau levels. We observe a
near-degeneracy of multiple minima with differing occupation numbers, of which
some become the global minimum upon changing the magnetic field or the chemical
potential. These minima differ considerably in the amount of chiral symmetry
breaking and in some cases also of isospin breaking.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, references added and some minor change
The high temperature CP-restoring phase transition at theta = pi
The CP-restoring phase transition at theta = pi and high temperature is
investigated using two related models that aim to describe the low-energy
phenomenology of QCD, the NJL model and the linear sigma model coupled to
quarks. Despite many similarities between the models, different predictions for
the order of the phase transition result. Using the Landau-Ginzburg formalism,
the origin of this difference is traced back to a non-analytic vacuum term at
zero temperature that is present in the NJL model, but usually not included in
the linear sigma model. Due to the absence of explicit CP violation, this term
always alters the qualitative aspects of the high temperature phase transition
at theta = pi, just as for theta = 0 in the chiral limit.Comment: 11 pages, 1 eps figure; corrected various typos, added missing term
in Eq. (13), conclusions unchanged, minor revisions to Sec. IA and II
Spontaneous CP-violation in the strong interaction at theta = pi
Spontaneous CP-violation in the strong interaction is analyzed at theta = pi
within the framework of the two-flavor NJL model. It is found that the
occurrence of spontaneous CP-violation at theta = pi depends on the strength of
the 't Hooft determinant interaction, which describes the effect of instanton
interactions. The dependence of the phase structure, and in particular of the
CP-violating phase, on the quark masses, temperature, baryon and isospin
chemical potential is examined in detail. When available a comparison to
earlier results from chiral perturbation theory is made. From our results we
conclude that spontaneous CP-violation in the strong interaction is an
inherently low-energy phenomenon. In all cases we find agreement with the
Vafa-Witten theorem, also at nonzero density and temperature. Meson masses and
mixing in the CP-violating phase display some unusual features as a function of
instanton interaction strength. A modification of the condition for charged
pion condensation at nonzero isospin chemical potential and a novel phase of
charged a_0 mesons are discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 11 eps figures; matches version published in Phys. Rev. D,
reference added, corrected Eq. 16, modified discussion Ref.
The box diagram in Yukawa theory
We present a light-front calculation of the box diagram in Yukawa theory. The
covariant box diagram is finite for the case of spin-1/2 constituents
exchanging spin-0 particles. In light-front dynamics, however, individual
time-ordered diagrams are divergent. We analyze the corresponding light-front
singularities and show the equivalence between the light-front and covariant
results by taming the singularities.Comment: 21 pages, 17 figures. submittes to Phys. Rev.
Spontaneous CP violation in the NJL model at theta = pi
As is well-known, spontaneous CP-violation in the strong interaction is
possible at theta = pi, which is commonly referred to as Dashen's phenomenon.
This phenomenon has been studied extensively using chiral Lagrangians. Here the
two-flavor NJL model at theta = pi is discussed. It turns out that the
occurrence of spontaneous CP-violation depends on the strength of the 't Hooft
determinant interaction, which describes the effect of instanton interactions.
The dependence of the phase structure, and in particular of the CP-violating
phase, on the quark masses, temperature, baryon and isospin chemical potential
is examined in detail. The latter dependence shows a modification of the
charged pion condensed phase first discussed by Son and Stephanov.Comment: 5 pages, 7 figures; talk given at the 8th Conference "Quark
Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum", Mainz, Germany, 1-6 September 200