Dynamic models of residential electricity demand: evidence from Switzerland

We estimate the short- and long-run elasticities of electricity demand in Switzerland using a dynamic model of residential electricity consumption incorporating a correction introduced by Kiviet. We find that the short-run elasticity of residential demand for electricity in Switzerland is around −0.3 while the long-run elasticity is around −0.6. Our estimates indicate that pricing policy as a plan for energy strategy may have a moderate impact on residential customers in the short run but will have a stronger influence in the long-run. In view of the recent proposal in Switzerland to introduce a tax on electricity as part of its energy strategy plan, an increase in the price of electricity may result in a moderate decrease in electricity consumption

Residential electricity demand for Spain: new empirical evidence using aggregated data

This paper presents an empirical analysis on the residential demand for electricity. This analysis has been performed using aggregate panel data at the province level for 47 Spanish provinces for the period from 2000 to 2008. For this purpose, we estimated a log-log demand equation for electricity consumption using a dynamic partial adjustment approach. This dynamic demand function has been estimated using OLS, a fixed effect model, and a GMM estimator proposed by Blundell and Bond (1998). The purpose of this empirical analysis has been to highlight some of the characteristics of the Spanish residential electricity demand. Particular attention has been paid to the influence of price, income, and weather conditions on electricity demand. The estimated short and long-run own price elasticities are, as expected, negative, but lower than 1. Furthermore, weather variables have a significant impact on electricity demand.residential electricity demand, panel data, partial adjustment model, aggregate data

Demand-side management by electric utilities in Switzerland: analyzing its impact on residential electricity demand

In this paper we use panel data from a survey conducted on 30 utilities in Switzerland to estimate the impact of demand-side management (DSM) activity on residential electricity demand. Using the variation in DSM activity within utilities and across utilities over time we identify the impact of DSM programs and find that their presence reduces per customer residential electricity consumption by around 5%. If we consider monetary spending, the effect of a 10% increase in DSM spending causes a 0.14% reduction in per customer residential electricity consumption. The cost of saving a kilowatt hour is around 0.04 CHF while the average cost of producing and distributing electricity in Switzerland is around 0.18 CHF per kilowatt hour. We conclude that current DSM practices in Switzerland have a statistically significant effect on reducing the demand for residential electricity

Value of co-benefits from energy saving ventilation systems –Contingent valuations on Swiss home owners

Previous efforts exploring options to increase residential sector’s energy efficiency have overlooked that highlighting co-benefits associated with energy efficiency may represent a promising strategy to draw attention from decision makers. For instance, in addition to savings in energy costs, buildings equipped with energy saving and comfort ventilation (ESV) system provide co-benefits such as improved indoor air quality (IAQ), thermal comfort, and noise reduction. These co-benefits are attributes of an experience goods as their value is difficult to appraise unless they have been experienced. This paper estimates the value of these co-benefits by inquiring willingness to accept (WTA) compensation to hold off on using ESV from Swiss owners of Minergie houses, which are equipped with ESV. Average monthly WTA is CHF 181 —value dominated by IAQ. WTA protocols may deliver overestimated values. Thus this paper estimates willingness to pay (WTP) on a sample of owners of conventional houses —i.e. respondents that have not experienced an ESV. Average monthly WTP is CHF 163 —value dominated by presence of allergies at home, an approximation to relevance of IAQ among respondents that have not experienced ESV. A back-of-the-envelope cost-benefit analysis informed with our estimates suggests that monthly benefits from ESV can be as much as twice the costs

Empower the consumer!:Energy-related financial literacy and its socioeconomic determinants

To be aware of the potential for energy savings in their homes, individuals need specific energy-related and financial knowledge. In addition, they also need the cognitive skills to apply this knowledge, for example when it comes to the calculation of the lifetime cost of household appliances or energy-efficient renovations. This set of knowledge and skills is related to two literacy concepts, i.e. energy and financial literacy. In this paper, we propose a new concept of literacy that we call “energy-related financial literacy”. Further, we present information on the level of financial literacy as well as on the level of energy-related financial literacy for a sample of European households. In the empirical part of the paper we estimate several ordered probit models in order to analyse the determinants of the level of energy-related financial literacy, with a particular interest to understanding the role of gender. Our results show that the level of energy-related financial literacy is relatively low and heterogeneous across the European countries. Moreover, the results confirm previous findings about the gender gap in financial literacy, with males being associated with higher levels of the index. We also identify such a gender gap for energy-related financial literacy

Estimating residential electricity demand : new empirical evidence

In this paper, we estimate the price elasticity of residential electricity consumption in Switzerland using a unique longitudinal household survey of around 5000 households. The survey contains information on a household's stock of appliances, use of appliances, and various socio-demographic characteristics. Our empirical model is derived from a variant of household production theory that posits electricity demand as being a derived demand for energy services. Based on this, we extend our basic model by using information on energy services, e.g. the amount of washing and the amount of cooking. We also use an instrumental variables approach to obtain consistent estimates of the price elasticity to account for potential endogeneity concerns with the average price. Our results indicate that the short-to medium-run price elasticity is around -0.7. This implies that policy makers concerned about reducing electricity consumption can use pricing policy, with a combination of other policies, to effectively reduce or, at least, stabilise electricity consumption in Switzerland

Value of co-benefits from energy saving ventilation systems : contingent valuations on Swiss home owners

In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted. http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/Previous efforts exploring options to increase residential sector’s energy efficiency have overlooked that highlighting co-benefits associated with energy efficiency may represent a promising strategy to draw attention from decision makers. For instance, in addition to savings in energy costs, buildings equipped with energy saving and comfort ventilation (ESV) system provide co-benefits such as improved indoor air quality (IAQ), thermal comfort, and noise reduction. These co-benefits are attributes of an experience goods as their value is difficult to appraise unless they have been experienced. This paper estimates the value of these co-benefits by inquiring willingness to accept (WTA) compensation to hold off on using ESV from Swiss owners of Minergie houses, which are equipped with ESV. Average monthly WTA is CHF 181 —value dominated by IAQ. WTA protocols may deliver overestimated values. Thus this paper estimates willingness to pay (WTP) on a sample of owners of conventional houses —i.e. respondents that have not experienced an ESV. Average monthly WTP is CHF 163 —value dominated by presence of allergies at home, an approximation to relevance of IAQ among respondents that have not experienced ESV. A back-of-the-envelope cost-benefit analysis informed with our estimates suggests that monthly benefits from ESV can be as much as twice the costs

Empower the consumer! : energy-related financial literacy and its implications for economic decision making

Untapped energy savings potential in the residential sector might lead to substantial welfare losses. While several studies have focused on the role of behavioral biases in explaining the lack of adoption of energy-efficient durable goods, little is known about the role of limited energy-specific knowledge and financial literacy. In this paper, we propose an integrated concept of ‘energy-related financial literacy’, which combines both energy cost-specific knowledge and skills needed to process this information. Using data from a large household survey in three European countries, we explore the determinants of different measures of literacy and, most importantly, we provide empirical evidence on the association between limited knowledge and skills to perform an intertemporal optimization and the adoption of energy-efficient light bulbs. Our findings support the promotion of energy-specific financial education programs and tools to increase the adoption of energy-efficient durable goods

Energy efficiency and the role of energy-related financial literacy : evidence from the European residential sector

In this paper, we analyze the level of efficiency in the use of electricity in the European residential sector relying on a cross-sectional data set comprised of 1375 households located in Italy, the Netherlands, and Switzerland and observed in 2016. To do this, we estimate an electricity demand frontier function using a stochastic frontier approach. The empirical results show that the residential sector in these three European countries could save approximately 20% of its total electricity consumption on average if it improves the level of efficiency in the use of electricity. These figures are in line with recent studies for Switzerland and for the US residential sector. Moreover, we link energy efficiency to energy-related financial literacy. We find that while energy-relevant knowledge per se does not play a significant role, stronger cognitive abilities are associated with higher levels of energy efficiency

Demand-side management by electric utilities in Switzerland: Analyzing its impact on residential electricity demand

In this paper we use panel data from a survey conducted on 30 utilities in Switzerland to estimate the impact of demand-side management (DSM) activity on residential electricity demand. Using the variation in DSM activity within utilities and across utilities over time we identify the impact of DSM programs and find that their presence reduces per customer residential electricity consumption by around 5%. If we consider monetary spending, the effect of a 10% increase in DSM spending causes a 0.14% reduction in per customer residential electricity consumption. The cost of saving a kilowatt hour is around 0.04 CHF while the average cost of producing and distributing electricity in Switzerland is around 0.18 CHF per kilowatt hour. We conclude that current DSM practices in Switzerland have a statistically significant effect on reducing the demand for residential electricity