Cancellation of elective surgical procedures in the university teaching hospital center Yalgado Ouedraogo in Burkina Faso: incidence, reasons and proposals for improvement

Background: Cancellation of scheduled surgery leads to operating theatre under-occupancy and is recognised as a major cause of emotional trauma to patients and their families. This study aimed to assess the incidence of elective surgery cancellation in order to make proposals for healthcare improvement.Methods: A prospective study was undertaken on cancellation of scheduled surgery in the general surgery service. Cancellation is considered to have occurred when planned surgery did not take place on the day it was scheduled and recognised as ‘final’ when it was no longer considered at a later date. Cancellations were classed as ‘avoidable’ or ‘unavoidable’.Results: A total of 103 surgeries were scheduled for patients with an average age of 41.1 years. Abdominal surgery (36.9%) dominated and 63.1% (n = 65) of the operations were scheduled. Some 36.9% (n = 38) of interventions were delayed, of which 9.7% (n = 10) were definitively cancelled and 27.2% (n = 28) were carried forward. Half of the cancellations (47.4%) were related to equipment and 31.6% related to patient factors. Hospital-related cancellation accounted for 63.9%. Cancellation was avoidable in 68.5% of cases. A financial cause was relevant for 16.6% (n = 6) and 2.6% of cancellations were due to a ‘long preceding intervention’.Conclusion: The impact of cancellation is high and better organisation and communication between relevant role players within the operating theatre should reduce unnecessary cancellation.Keywords: cancellation, elective surgery, operating theatr

Low birth weight in newborns: epidemiological aspects and neonatal prognosis within Bogodogo teaching hospital, Burkina Faso

Background: Low birthweight is one of the main causes of neonatal death, after asphyxia and infections. This study purpose is to determine the epidemiological aspects and prognosis of this condition. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study. Data were collected prospectively from July 1st to September 30th, 2021 within Bogodogo Teaching Hospital. The study population included the overall newborns and their mothers. Results: The low birthweight frequency was estimated at 17.26% of live births. The average age was 26.06±5.8 years. Housewives accounted for 68.6% of cases against 78.9% for mothers in union. Unschooled mothers accounted for 38.3%. Mothers having medium socio-economic status accounted for 83.1% of cases. The average number of gesture was 2.60±1.62 and average parity was 2.72±1.76. Premature newborns accounted for 51.1% of cases. Females represented 55.6% of cases, giving a sex ratio of 0.80. The average weight was 1970.64±375.21 g with extremes of 900g and 2450g. The neonatal mortality rate was estimated at 9.4%. Occupation (p=0.003), marital status (p=0.001), place of residence (p=0.011), socioeconomic level (p=0.000), body mass index (p=0.001) and multiple pregnancy (p= 0.01) were statically associated with low birthweight at term. Conclusions: At the end of this study, it appears that further action is still needed to reduce low birthweight frequency, which implies improving the socio-economic conditions of the population.

Essais d'intensification de la production animale en zone sahelo-soudanienne: Alimentation intensive de jeunes ovins dans le nord du Burkina

Esquisse sur quatre essais d'alimentation intensive effectues pour connaitre le potentiel de croissance des moutons de race Mossi et Peul de la region du Yatenga au Burkina Faso, avec donnees sur les indices de consommation et les gains de poids moyens quotidiens de moutons

Modélisation et simulation d’un champ photovoltaïque utilisant un convertisseur élévateur de tension (boost) avec le logiciel MATLAB /SIMULINK

International audienceCe travail présente une contribution pour une meilleure conception d’un convertisseur boost permettant à l’aide d’une commande de recherche du point de puissance maximale MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) de retrouver la puissance maximale du champ photovoltaïque (PV) à tout moment.En effet à partir des modèles de convertisseur boost existant dans la littérature nous avons développé une variante de convertisseur et calculé ses différents paramètres. Les simulations réalisées avec Matlab/Simulink ont permis d’optimiser la production du champ PV et d’élucider le fait que le champ PV peut fonctionner à son point maximal de puissance s’il est interfacé par un convertisseur qui recherche à tout instant la puissance maximale

Diverticulite de Meckel causée par des grains de Raisin sauvage: à propos d’un cas

Le diverticule de Meckel est l’anomalie congénitale la plus fréquente du tractus  gastro-intestinal. Son inflammation est due dans certains cas à un corps étranger. Nous rapportons un cas de diverticulite de Meckel occasionné par des  phytobézoards. L’objectif est de décrire les circonstances diagnostiques et notre prise en charge. Il s’agissait d’un patient de 16 ans reçu pour une douleur  abdominale associée à des vomissements et une constipation évoluant depuis trois jours dans un contexte fébrile. L’examen avait noté une température à 39°4 C ; une douleur et une défense de la fosse iliaque droite. La biologie avait noté une  hyperleucocytose et l’échographie avait suspecté une appendicite aiguë. En urgence, la laparotomie avait mis en évidence un appendice sain et un diverticule de Meckel gangrené et perforé qui contenait comme le grêle de nombreux grains de raisins. Nous avons réalisé une résection du grêle emportant le diverticule, une évacuation des phytobézoards puis une suture iléo-iléale immédiate. La  diverticulite de Meckel est rare. Elle simule souvent une appendicite aiguë et peut être favorisée par l’ingestion de grains de raisins sauvages. Le traitement chirurgical doit être précoce.Mots clés : Diverticule de Meckel – phytobézoards – résection intestinale. Meckel diverticulum is the most frequent congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract. Its inflammation is due in some cases to a foreign body. We report a case of Meckel diverticulitis caused by phytobezoars. The aim was to describe the  diagnostic circumstances and our support. 16 year old patient received for  abdominal pain associated with vomiting and constipation  lasting three days with fever. The review noted a temperature at 39.4°C; pain and defense of the right iliac pit. Biology noted leukocytosis and ultrasonography had suspected acute appendicitis. In emergency laparotomy was revealed a healthy appendix and  Meckel's diverticulum gangrenous and perforated containing as many small wild grapes. We performed a resection of the small intestine carrying the diverticulum, an evacuation of phytobezoars then an immediate ileal suture. Diverticulitis Meckel is rare. It simulates often an acute appendicitis and can be promoted by ingestion of wild grapes. Surgical treatment must be early.Key words: Meckel's diverticulum - phytobezoars - bowel resection