УРОВЕНЬ СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОГО ЗДОРОВЬЯ СРЕДИ СЕЛЬСКОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ АДЫГЕЯ

Purpose. Сomparing the level of cardiovascular health among the rural population of the Republic of Adygea in people with and without cardiovascular disease based on age, ethnicity, and education.Materials and methods. The study included 364 adults in rural zhitelya: 151 male (41.5 %) and 213 women (58.5 %), of which 258 Russian (70.9 %) and 106 Circassians (29.1 %). The average age of the patients was 51,78±16,17 years. 7, each of the risk factors (smoking, BMI, physical activity, diet, total cholesterol level, blood pressure, and fasting glucose) points were assigned numbers from 0 (poor) to 2 (good) depending on the presence of the factor and degree of correction. The maximum total figure was 14 points, and the good state of health reflects the absence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) with a maximum of 7 points under the factors. Comparing the frequency of registration of «good», «average» and «poor» health status in groups performed using χ2 test. Cardiovascular health relationship with risk factors, education level, ethnicity, and age was assessed using multivariate regression analysis.Results. Ideal cardiovascular health is registered in 25 patients (6.8 %; 95 % CI 4,3–9,5): 88 % (95 % CI 75,3–100) – women, 88 % (95 % CI: 75, 3 100) – Russian; 52 % (95 % CI 32,4–71,6) with higher education. On the overall level of cardiovascular health statistically significant influenced by factors such as age (p<0.0001), the presence of cardiovascular health (p<0.0001), ethnicity (p<0.0001), educational level (p=0.004). Worst level of cardiovascular health had patients with the lowest levels of education combined with older age. Circassians had the worst performance SSzdorovya, taking into account age, gender, level of education and the availability of additional cardiovascular disease.Conclusion. The level of cardiovascular health among the rural population of the Republic of Adygea low. The presence of cardiovascular disease is not accompanied by the rejection of an unhealthy lifestyle. Socio demographic portrait of a villager with a perfect cardiovascular zdorovem- young woman with higher education.Цель. Сопоставление уровня сердечно-сосудистого здоровья (ССЗ) среди сельского населения Республики Адыгея среди лиц с наличием болезней органов кровообращения и без таковых с учетом возраста, национальности и образования.Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 364 взрослых сельских жителя: 151 мужчина (41,5 %) и 213 женщин (58,5 %), из них 258 русских (70,9 %) и 106 адыгов (29,1 %). Средний возраст обследованных составил 51,78±16,17 года. Каждому из семи факторов риска (курение, ИМТ, физическая активность, диета, уровень общего холестерина, артериального давления и глюкозы натощак) присваивалось число баллов от 0 (плохо) до 2 (хорошо) в зависимости от наличия фактора и степени его коррекции. Максимальный суммарный показатель был 14 баллов, а хорошее состояние ССЗ отражало отсутствие БСК при максимальном количестве баллов по семи факторам.Результаты. Идеальное ССЗ зарегистрировано у 25 пациентов (6,8 %; 95 % ДИ 4,3–9,5), среди которых: 88 % (95 % ДИ 75,3–100) – женщины, 88 % (95 % ДИ 75,3–100) – русские; 52 % (95% ДИ 32,4–71,6) – с высшим образованием. На суммарный уровень ССЗ статистически значимое влияние оказывали такие факторы, как возраст (р<0,0001), наличие БСК (р<0,0001), этническая принадлежность (р<0,0001), уровень образования (р=0,004). Худший уровень ССЗ имели пациенты с наиболее низким уровнем образования в сочетании со старшим возрастом. Адыги имели худшие показатели ССЗ, с учетом возраста, пола, уровня образования и наличия дополнительной сердечно-сосудистой патологии.Заключение. Уровень сердечно-сосудистого здоровья среди сельского населения республики Адыгея низкий. Наличие сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний не сопровождается отказом от нездорового образа жизни. Социально демографический портрет сельского жителя с идеальным сердечно-сосудистым здоровьем – молодая женщина с высшим образованием

РЕФЕРЕНСНЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ ГОНАДОТРОПИНОВ И ПОЛОВЫХ ГОРМОНОВ У ЗДОРОВЫХ МАЛЬЧИКОВ 1–3 МЕСЯЦЕВ

The postnatal activity of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in first few months of life is defined as mini-puberty.  In  article  the  dates  of  Enzyme  Immuno  Assays  of  the  serum  gonadotropins  and reproductive hormones in 40 healthy boys ages 1–3 month are represented. In results we detected the reference values of serum LH, FSH, testosterone, DGA-S, androstendyone, dyhydrotestosterone, antiMulirean  factor  in  1–3  month  aged  boys.  The  obtained  dates  are  comparable  to  puberty values  of reproductive hormones in boys.Период физиологической постнатальной активации гипоталамо-гипофизарно-гонадной системы в первые месяцы жизни определен как мини-пубертат. В статье представлены результаты иммуноферментного анализа гонадотропинов и половых гормонов в сыворотке крови 40 здоровых мальчиков в возрасте 1–3 мес. Результатами исследования явилось определение референсных концентраций лютеонизирующего и фолликулостимулирующего гормонов, тестостерона, дегидроэпиандростерона сульфата, андростендиона, дигидротестостерона, антимюллерова гормона в сыворотке крови мальчиков 1–3 мес жизни. Полученные величины были сопоставлены с показателями соответствующих гормонов у мальчиков пубертатного возраста

Случай ранней реабилитации пациентки с тяжелой формой пандемического гриппа А / H1N1, осложненного пневмонией и острым респираторным дистресс-синдромом

A case of early physical rehabilitation of a female patient with severe pandemic influenza А / H1N1 complicated by pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is described in the article. Lymphatic drainage of the lower extremities and the lungs and the chest vibration were used in the patient under mechanical ventilation after achieving clinical stability at the day 2 of staying in a ICU. Postural drainage in combination with the chest and the upper extremities vibration in the Sims’ position were used at the day 3. Active physical exercise with a stretch band and cognitive therapy (reading books, listening to music, and occupational therapy) were started at the day 4. At the day 5, the intubated patient took few steps near the bed assisted by a physical therapist and a physician. After extubation, the patient walked every day in the ward and along the hospital corridor under a control of HR, BP, and SaO2. She used breathing techniques (diaphragmatic breathing, resistive breathing) and physical training. The rehabilitation sessions continued up to the hospital discharge.Conclusion. Early physical and occupational therapy was found to reduce a risk of polyneuropathy predictive for unfavorable outcome and can improve the airway clearance with reduction of nosocomial infection risk.циентки с тяжелой формой пандемического гриппа А / Н1N1, осложненного пневмонией и острым респираторным дистресс-синдромом. На 2-е сутки пребывания в анестезиолого-реанимационном отделении (АРО) после стабилизации состояния пациентке на искусственной вентиляции легких (ИВЛ) проведен лимфодренажный массаж нижних конечностей, легких, вибрационные техники в области груди. На 3-и сутки в положении Симса выполнен постуральный дренаж в комплексе с вибрационным массажем спины и верхних конечностей. С 4-х суток начаты активные упражнения с использованием гимнастического эспандера и мероприятия, направленные на улучшение эмоционально-когнитивной сферы (чтение книг, прослушивание музыки, эрготерапия). На 5-е сутки с помощью реабилитолога и реаниматолога пациентка смогла совершить несколько шагов возле постели, находясь на аппарате ИВЛ. После экстубации пациентка каждый день совершала пешие прогулки по палате и коридору АРО под контролем показателей частоты сердечных сокращений, артериального давления, насыщения кислородом артериальной крови, занималась дыхательной гимнастикой (диафрагмальное дыхание, дыхание с сопротивлением), выполняла физические упражнения. Занятия с инструктором по реабилитации носили системный характер и продолжались до выписки пациентки из стационара. В случае ранней физической активизации и реабилитации снижается риск развития полинейропатии критических состояний, которая является предиктором неблагоприятного исхода, улучшается дренажная функция легких, при этом снижается риск вторичной внутрибольничной инфекции

Foreign War Prisoners in the Astrakhan Province in the Years of the First World War and the Russian Revolution

The article is devoted to the study of various aspects of military captivity, which became a mass phenomenon (“mass experience”) in the years of the First World War and the revolutionary events in Russia and which influenced both the individual fate of war prisoners and different sides of the development of society. The article presents data on the number of war prisoners located in the years of war and revolution on the territory of the Astrakhan province, their categories and ethnic composition. The majority of war prisoners were soldiers of the German, Austro-Hungarian armies. The largest number of war prisoners on the territory of the province was recorded in May 1918. On the basis of documentary material, most of which is first introduced in the scientific use, the war prisoners’ accommodation, provision of clothing, food, medical care is researched. The placement of the contingent of war prisoners and their number depended on the needs of the region in labour force. War prisoners were sent to work on the municipal facilities in the provincial center and district towns, were attached to joint-stock and private enterprises, worked as doctors and paramedics in hospitals. The situation of war prisoners fully depended on socio-economic and political situation in the country. The problems of supply of war prisoners with clothing and food aggravated with the economic and political crisis in the country as well as rising prices and were common to all categories of population who needed support. The deterioration of living conditions led to increase in diseases, epidemics and deaths among the prisoners. Local authorities made efforts to supply war prisoners with food and provide with higher wages and hospitals. After the events of February 1917 there were hopes for mitigation of the regime of war prisoners, but visible improvement did not follow and the weakening supervision of war prisoners resulted in the growth of prison breaks

The safety study of the fat component in adapted infant formula

The growth and harmonious development of an infant depends on nutrition provided by natural or artificial feeding. Accordingly the adaptation of the composition of adapted infant formula to the composition of human milk is carried out with all major nutrients. The fat component is one of the key components of an infant’s diet and its’ important aspects are biological effectiveness and safety which changes during processing, storage, transportation and subsequent storage after opening the package. Data on pathological changes in the body with consumption of oxidized fats are known. The aim of the paper is to study some indicators of safety and quality of the fat component of adapted infant formula provided by various manufacturers. As the objects of study we selected one of the most popular adapted infant formula in Russia (in various price categories) under the code names: “IS” (Denmark), “IM”, “IN”, “IL” (Russian Federation), “IX “(Germany). It was found that the quality composition of the fat component of dry infant formula corresponds to the one indicated on the package. However, no one of the test samples according to the averaged composition of the prevailing fatty acids, is fully identical to human milk. The normative documentation of the Customs Union (TR TS 021/2011, TP TS 024/2011, TP TS 033/2013) only regulates organoleptic analysis of the quality indicators of adapted infant formula and from the safety parameters, only finding the peroxide value, which characterizes the accumulation of primary fat oxidation products. It was found that the peroxide numbers of the studied infant formula do not exceed the regulated values. At the same time almost all milk nutrition made from dry infant formula has unsatisfactory organoleptic characteristics. Defects of taste and aroma can be associated with the accumulation of a significant amount of secondary products of fat oxidation, aldehydes particularly in the adapted infant formula. These conclusions are confirmed by the results of determination of the anisidine number in the adapted infant formula, as well as by the accumulation of 0.3-1.0% of highly polar compounds insoluble in petroleum ether (CIPE) and 25-3 mmol/kg of epoxides which lead to decrease of white blood cells and a change in blood formula at a biological animal test. The data obtained indicate the need for assessment of the technology for the production, packaging and storage of adapted infant formula as well as the feasibility of amending the regulatory documents of the Russian Federation and in the future, the regulatory documents of the Customs Union with the aim of further monitoring the safety of the fat component of adapted infant formula

Sleep obstructive apnoea syndrome as an independent cardiovascular risk factor

A substantial body of evidence has been obtained on an independent association between sleep obstructive apnoea syndrome (SOAS) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is particularly relevant for arterial hypertension (AH), coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke (S), heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and sudden cardiac death. Therefore, the present review focuses on an important issue of interrelations between SOAS and CVD, including AH, CHD, S, diabetes mellitus and mortality