A Genome-Wide Analysis of Populations from European Russia Reveals a New Pole of Genetic Diversity in Northern Europe

Peer reviewe

ADMIXTURE clustering of individuals from the populations studied.

<p>Results obtained at K = 2 to 5 are shown. Each individual is represented by a vertical line composed of colored segments, in which each segment represents the proportion of an individual’s ancestry derived from one of the K ancestral populations. Individuals are grouped by population (labeled on the bottom of the graph). In addition to populations used in principal component analysis, a Chinese sample (Han Chinese from Beijing <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0058552#pone.0058552-The1" target="_blank">[22]</a>) was included. The results at K = 5 are also accompanied by average ancestral proportions by population (*). Population designations are the same as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0058552#pone-0058552-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1</a>.</p

Principal component analysis of the combined autosomal genotypic data of individuals from Russia and seven European countries (Finnland, Estonia, Latvia, Poland, Czech Republic, Germany [5] and Italia [22]).

<p>The first two PCs are shown. The color legend for the predefined population labels is indicated within the plot. Population designations are the same as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0058552#pone-0058552-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1</a>.</p

F_ST values and the number of SNPs with significant differences in allele frequencies between the populations from Russia^*.

*<p>Pairwise F_ST values are indicated below the diagonal and the number of SNPs is indicated above it. The abbreviations of populations are the same as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0058552#pone-0058552-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1</a>.</p

Summary of ROH statistics of 16 European populations.

*<p>ROH calculated without the thresholds for SNP density and length of the gaps along a ROH tract. The abbreviations of populations are the same as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0058552#pone-0058552-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1</a>.</p

Principal component analysis of the autosomal genotypic data of individuals from European Russia.

<p>The first two PCs are shown. Each individual is represented by a sign and the color label corresponding to their self-identified population origin. Population designations are the same as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0058552#pone-0058552-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1</a>.</p