Cardiovascular effects of calcium supplementation

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The chemical interaction of oxygen and olefins

All the material incorporated in this thesis has a common theme, in that it is concerned with the elucidation f the chemical mechanism by which non -conjugated olefins eact with molecular oxygen. The constituent investigations re of two general types. On the one hand, since the xidation mechanism is of the chain type, it is possible to 'rig changes on the mode of chain initiation and chain ermination, in such a way as to provide a set of closely elated chemical systems, which by exhibiting significant ifferences in kinetic behaviour build up a well - substantiated picture of the general oxidation mechanism. his work was carried out almost exclusively in the pecially favourable case of ethyl linoleate, and is escribed in Sections 3 -7.In the second place, the elementary chemical processes hich go to make up this mechanism may depend markedly on he detailed chemical structure of the olefin concerned. ections 10 -12 form part of a systematic investigation of his aspect of autoxidation. One class of olefins - the olyisoprenes - has been studied in rather greater detail: ections 8 and 9 describe complementary investigations of he oxidation kinetics and of the nature of the primary oxidation product as indicated by organo- analytical methods.No attempt will be made here to relate in detail the various sections one to another, or to present the general context of published work into Which they may be fitted: it is hoped that this requirement is adequately met by Section 2. Marginal references have been inserted in this latter section, to facilitate reference to the appropriate parts f the thesis.Section 13 consists of a short communication which ummarises the results of an investigation into the 'nteraction of molecular oxygen and alcohols. It has been 'ncluded in this thesis since it emphasises the respects in rhich another major class of substrate conforms to and iverges from the oxidative behaviour of the olefins

Reporting of conflicts of interest in oral presentations at medical conferences : a delegate-based prospective observational study

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Calcium supplements with or without vitamin D and risk of cardiovascular events : reanalysis of the Women's Health Initiative limited access dataset and meta-analysis

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Using historical lesion volume data in the design of a new phase II clinical trial in acute stroke

<p><b>Background and Purpose:</b> Clinical research into the treatment of acute stroke is complicated, is costly, and has often been unsuccessful. Developments in imaging technology based on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans offer opportunities for screening experimental therapies during phase II testing so as to deliver only the most promising interventions to phase III. We discuss the design and the appropriate sample size for phase II studies in stroke based on lesion volume.</p> <p><b>Methods:</b> Determination of the relation between analyses of lesion volumes and of neurologic outcomes is illustrated using data from placebo trial patients from the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive. The size of an effect on lesion volume that would lead to a clinically relevant treatment effect in terms of a measure, such as modified Rankin score (mRS), is found. The sample size to detect that magnitude of effect on lesion volume is then calculated. Simulation is used to evaluate different criteria for proceeding from phase II to phase III.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> The odds ratios for mRS correspond roughly to the square root of odds ratios for lesion volume, implying that for equivalent power specifications, sample sizes based on lesion volumes should be about one fourth of those based on mRS. Relaxation of power requirements, appropriate for phase II, lead to further sample size reductions. For example, a phase III trial comparing a novel treatment with placebo with a total sample size of 1518 patients might be motivated from a phase II trial of 126 patients comparing the same 2 treatment arms.</p> <p><b>Discussion:</b> Definitive phase III trials in stroke should aim to demonstrate significant effects of treatment on clinical outcomes. However, more direct outcomes such as lesion volume can be useful in phase II for determining whether such phase III trials should be undertaken in the first place.</p&gt

Phosphorus nutrition.

Evaluation of soil test for phosphate on sandy soils. Results presented for this project, commenced in 1988, which started as a joint project between the Department of Agriculture and Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, School of Agriculture, University of Western Australia. In the field experiments, 10 levels of superphosphate (three replicates) were applied in May 1988, and 10 levels of superphosphate (also three replicates) were applied in May 1989 onto an adjacent area to the 1988 treatments. Colwell P I(soil test values) and yield data are presented for 1988 and 1989 for the 1988 treatments layed out in 1988, and for 1989 for the treatments layed out in 1989. Data presented are the mean of three replicates. In 1988 the soil samples (0-10 cm, using 2.5 cm diameter samplers) were collected 102 months after the superphosphate treatments were applied. In 1989, the soil samples were collected February-May from the 1988 treatments only, and these were related in 1989 to yields measured from the 1988 and 1989 treatments. The crops were sown in May, cereals at 50-60 kg seed/ha, and lupins at 100 to 129 seed/ha at about 4-5 cm depth. Trial 88BA41, 88BA42, 88BA43, 88EB11, 88N33, 88N34, 88N35, 88SG24, 88SG25, 88SG26, 88WH45, 88SC18, 88SC19, 66M30, 48MI49. Location Badginarra Research Station, East Beverley Research Block, Newdegate Research Station, Salmon Gums Research Station, Wongan Hills Research Station, South Carrabin, Merredin Research Station

Phosphorus sources trials

HIGH RAINFALL AREAS -Sand 76BU1 - New land phosphorus sources trial (pasture) T. O\u27Byrne, Yalingup. 76BU4 - Old land phosphorus sources trial (pasture) T. Combe, Busselton. Gravel 76MT10 - New land phosphorus sources trial (pasture) Mt. Barker Research Station. 76MT9 - Old land phosphorus sources trial (pasture) Mt. Barker Research Station. 77MT1 - Newland particle size and method of cultivation phosphorus source trial (pasture) Mt. Barker Research Station. 77MT2 - Old land phosphorus sources cropping trial (oats every 3rd year) Mt. Barker Research Station. MEDIUM RAINFALL AREAS Sand 76ES37 - Young land phosphorus sources trial (pasture) F. Fels, Esperance. 77E1 - New land phosphorus sources trial (pasture)~ Esperance Downs Research Station. 77E2 - Old land phosphorus sources trial (pasture) Esperance Downs Research Station. Gravel 75no7B - New land phosphorus sources trial (pasture) G. Watson (formerly D. Gillespie), East Chittering 77MO16 - New land phosphorus sources cropping trial (wheat) Martindale Pty Ltd, \u27Newdale\u27, New Norcia. LOW RAINFALL AREAS Sand 76WH9 - New land phosphorus sources trial (pasture & crop) Wongan Hills Research Station. 76WH10 - Young land phosphorus sources trial (pasture & crop) Wongan Hills Research Station. 76WH14 - Old land phosphorus sources trial (cropped every 3rd year) Wongan Hills Research Station. 77WH2 - Old land phosphorus sources cropping trial, Wongan Hills Research Station. Gravel 76N4 - New land phosphorus sources trial (pasture & crop) Newdegate Research Station. 76N6 - Old land phosphorus sources trial (cropped every 3rd year) Newdegate Research Station. 76LG6 - Young land.phosphorus sources trial (pasture & crop) Newdegate Research station

Should adults take vitamin D supplements to prevent disease?

Funding: Funded by the Health Research Council (HRC) of New Zealand. The authors are independent of the HRC. The HRC had no role in study design, the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data,Peer reviewe

Phosphorus nutrition

Trial No.: 84E31 Location: Esperance Downs Research Station.Results: Fertilizer: TSP = triple superphosphate; NCRP = North Carolina rock phosphate; DRP = Duchess rock phosphate. Cultivation: UC = fertilizer applied to the soil surface and left there: C = fertilizer cultivated into the top 10 cm of soil with a rotary hoe after application to the soil surface. Trial No.: 84M63. Location: South Bodallin (Merredin Research Station). Results: TSP = triple superphosphate; NCRP = North Carolina rock phosphate; DRP = Duchess rock phosphate. UC = fertilizer applied to the soil surface and left there; C = fertilizer mixed in to the top 10 cm of soil with a rotary hoe after application to the soil surface. Trial No.: 84NO69. Location: West Dale. Results: TSP = triple superphosphate; NCRP = North Carolina rock phosphate; DRP = Duchess rock phosphate; Cal = Calciphos; UC = fertilizer applied to the soil surface and left there; C = fertilizer cultivated into the top 10 cm with a rotary hoe after application to the soil surface

Responses to concerns raised about publications don’t address the concerns raised

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