Resolving and parameterising the ocean mesoscale in earth system models

Purpose of Review. Assessment of the impact of ocean resolution in Earth System models on the mean state, variability, and future projections and discussion of prospects for improved parameterisations to represent the ocean mesoscale. Recent Findings. The majority of centres participating in CMIP6 employ ocean components with resolutions of about 1 degree in their full Earth Systemmodels (eddy-parameterising models). In contrast, there are alsomodels submitted toCMIP6 (both DECK and HighResMIP) that employ ocean components of approximately 1/4 degree and 1/10 degree (eddy-present and eddy-rich models). Evidence to date suggests that whether the ocean mesoscale is explicitly represented or parameterised affects not only the mean state of the ocean but also the climate variability and the future climate response, particularly in terms of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and the Southern Ocean. Recent developments in scale-aware parameterisations of the mesoscale are being developed and will be included in future Earth System models. Summary. Although the choice of ocean resolution in Earth System models will always be limited by computational considerations, for the foreseeable future, this choice is likely to affect projections of climate variability and change as well as other aspects of the Earth System. Future Earth System models will be able to choose increased ocean resolution and/or improved parameterisation of processes to capture physical processes with greater fidelity

*WINNER* GIS Analysis of Illegal Dumping in the Upper Cumberland and Recommendations for Abatement

Students in the Environmental and Sustainability Studies Capstone Experience 1 and 2 courses have prepared recommendations for the Upper Cumberland Development District (UCDD) to address illegal dumping in the 14 counties of the Upper Cumberland. The purpose of this study was to compile the best available information and to characterize dumpsites for analysis and decision making. In Capstone 1, teams conducted literature reviews for the associated sociological, economic, and environmental issues and compiled a white paper discussing the motivations for illegal dumping, benefits and costs of abatement, environmental and health effects of dumping, best practices for educating and motivating children and adults, helpful data management and grant strategies, and best practices for discouraging and preventing dumping. Our Geographic Information System (GIS) team produced an ESRI ArcGIS map and evaluated dumpsites across counties to create a standardized form for collection of characterization data. Using coordinates provided by Chuck Sutherland, Director of Informatics for the UCDD, Capstone 2 traveled to sites to characterize them by content, area, volume, and location. We documented coordinates for additional illegal dumpsites we discovered, and created a more detailed database. We also used GIS capabilities to combine spatial and aspatial information to identify trends and common characteristics of dumpsites. The material will be provided to the UCDD and can be used by government officials, the public, and researchers to develop prediction algorithms and to inform policy decisions. Capstone 2 is also planning a cleanup and researching grant opportunities applicable to illegal dumping in the region

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Hoatson Tom Riverside Generating, LLC Other Supplie