PROCESS OF EXPLORING CRITERIA FOR OBSERVING CHILDHOOD PLAY TO SUPPORT EARLY CHILDHOOD TEACHERS

The purpose of this study is to investigate the process of exploring criteria for observing childhood play to support early childhood teachers. This study was conducted using a convergent design among mixed methods. ‘Literature research’ and ‘Delphi survey technique’ were used as methods of quantitative data collection, and ‘participation observation’ was used as a method of qualitative data collection. As a result of the study, observation criteria for a total of 21 questions in 3 areas were derived, including 7 questions on ‘play flow’, 7 questions on ‘play motivation’, and 7 questions on ‘peer play behavior’. This criteria for observing childhood play helps early childhood teachers to understand childhood play in depth from the children's perspective. In addition, it is expected that this standard can be used as a standard for observing childhood play with increased objectivity by reducing cases where each early childhood teacher who uses this standard interprets it differently due to subjective opinions. Furthermore, It is expected that this criterion will help early childhood teachers in kindergartens accurately understand childhood play and support childhood play

Spectroscopic Survey of G and K Dwarfs in the Hipparcos Catalog. I. Comparison between the Hipparcos and Photometric Parallaxes

The tension between the Hipparcos parallax of the Pleiades and other independent distance estimates continues even after the new reduction of the Hipparcos astrometric data and the development of a new geometric distance measurement for the cluster. A short Pleiades distance from the Hipparcos parallax predicts a number of stars in the solar neighborhood that are sub-luminous at a given photospheric abundance. We test this hypothesis using the spectroscopic abundances for a subset of stars in the Hipparcos catalog, which occupy the same region as the Pleiades in the color–magnitude diagram. We derive stellar parameters for 170 nearby G- and K-type field dwarfs in the Hipparcos catalog based on high-resolution spectra obtained using KPNO 4 m echelle spectrograph. Our analysis shows that, when the Hipparcos parallaxes are adopted, most of our sample stars follow empirical color–magnitude relations. A small fraction of stars are too faint compared to main-sequence fitting relations by ΔM_V ≳ 0.3 mag, but the differences are marginal at a 2σ level, partly due to relatively large parallax errors. On the other hand, we find that the photometric distances of stars showing signatures of youth as determined from lithium absorption line strengths and R_(HK)^' chromospheric activity indices are consistent with the Hipparcos parallaxes. Our result is contradictory to a suggestion that the Pleiades distance from main-sequence fitting is significantly altered by stellar activity and/or the young age of its stars, and provides an additional supporting evidence for the long-distance scale of the Pleiades

Experiences of and barriers to transition-related healthcare among Korean transgender adults: focus on gender identity disorder diagnosis, hormone therapy, and sex reassignment surgery

OBJECTIVES Transgender people may encounter barriers to transition-related healthcare services. This study aimed to investigate the experiences of transition-related healthcare and barriers to those procedures among transgender adults in Korea. METHODS In 2017, we conducted a nationwide cross-sectional survey of 278 transgender adults, which named Rainbow Connection Project II, in Korea. We assessed the prevalence of transition-related healthcare, including gender identity disorder (GID) diagnosis, hormone therapy, and sex reassignment surgery. To understand the barriers to those procedures, we also asked participants for their reasons for not receiving each procedure. Further, this study examined their experiences of and the reasons for using non-prescribed hormone medications. RESULTS Of transgender people participated in the survey, 91.0% (n=253/278) were diagnosed with GID, 88.0% (n=243/276) received hormone therapy, and 42.4% (n=115/271) have had any kind of sex reassignment surgery. Cost was the most common barrier to transition-related healthcare among Korean transgender adults. Other common barriers were identified as follows: negative experiences in healthcare settings, lack of specialized healthcare professionals and facilities, and social stigma against transgender people. Among those who had taken hormone medications, 25.1% (n=61/243) reported that they had ever purchased them without a prescription. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that barriers to transition-related healthcare exist in Korea and constrain transgender individuals’ safe access to the needed healthcare. Institutional interventions are strongly recommended to improve access to transition-related healthcare. These interventions include provision of programs to train Korean healthcare professionals and expansion of national health insurance to include these procedures

Striatal Transcriptome and Interactome Analysis of Shank3-overexpressing Mice Reveals the Connectivity between Shank3 and mTORC1 Signaling

Mania causes symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, elevated mood, reduced anxiety and decreased need for sleep, which suggests that the dysfunction of the striatum, a critical component of the brain motor and reward system, can be causally associated with mania. However, detailed molecular pathophysiology underlying the striatal dysfunction in mania remains largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify the molecular pathways showing alterations in the striatum of SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 3 (Shank3)-overexpressing transgenic (TG) mice that display manic-like behaviors. The results of transcriptome analysis suggested that mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling may be the primary molecular signature altered in the Shank3 TG striatum. Indeed, we found that striatal mTORC1 activity, as measured by mTOR S2448 phosphorylation, was significantly decreased in the Shank3 TG mice compared to wild-type (WT) mice. To elucidate the potential underlying mechanism, we re-analyzed previously reported protein interactomes, and detected a high connectivity between Shank3 and several upstream regulators of mTORC1, such as tuberous sclerosis 1 (TSC1), TSC2 and Ras homolog enriched in striatum (Rhes), via 94 common interactors that we denominated “Shank3-mTORC1 interactome”. We noticed that, among the 94 common interactors, 11 proteins were related to actin filaments, the level of which was increased in the dorsal striatum of Shank3 TG mice. Furthermore, we could co-immunoprecipitate Shank3, Rhes and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family verprolin-homologous protein 1 (WAVE1) proteins from the striatal lysate of Shank3 TG mice. By comparing with the gene sets of psychiatric disorders, we also observed that the 94 proteins of Shank3-mTORC1 interactome were significantly associated with bipolar disorder (BD). Altogether, our results suggest a protein interaction-mediated connectivity between Shank3 and certain upstream regulators of mTORC1 that might contribute to the abnormal striatal mTORC1 activity and to the manic-like behaviors of Shank3 TG mice

Novelty-focused patent mapping for technology opportunity analysis

Patent maps are an effective means of discovering potential technology opportunities. However, this method has been of limited use in practice since defining and interpreting patent vacancies, as surrogates for potential technology opportunities, tend to be intuitive and ambiguous. As a remedy, we propose an approach to detecting novel patents based on systematic processes and quantitative outcomes. At the heart of the proposed approach is the text mining to extract the patterns of word usage and the local outlier factor to measure the degree of novelty in a numerical scale. The meanings of potential technology opportunities become more explicit by identifying novel patents rather than patent vacancies that are usually represented as a simple set of keywords. Finally, a novelty-focused patent identification map is developed to explore the implications on novel patents. A case study of the patents about thermal management technology of light emitting diode (LED) is exemplified. We believe the proposed approach could be employed in various research areas, serving as a starting point for developing more general models.close0

Solar Heat Gain Reduction of Ventilated Double Skin Windows without a Shading Device

With global efforts to strengthen various energy-saving policies for buildings to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, in South Korea, new laws and regulations have been in force since May 2015 to install shading devices in public buildings and to include the solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) reduction performance of shading devices in the evaluation of building performance. By making a ventilated air layer outer glass and inner glass to lower the temperatures of the air layer and glass surface, it is possible to reduce the amount of heat flowing into the building while maintaining the same level of light transmission as plain window systems. This study proposes a double-skin façade window with a 20 mm ventilated air cavity, and assumes that insolation inflow indoors would be reduced through ventilation in the air cavity. The artificial solar lab test results show that the SHGC can be lowered through ventilation by 28% to 52.9%. Additionally, in an outdoor test cell experiment, the results show that the mean temperature was 0.6 K and the peak temperature was 0.9 K lower with ventilation in the air cavity than that without ventilation in the air cavity

Integrating independent component analysis and local outlier factor for plant-wide process monitoring

We propose a novel process monitoring method integrating independent component analysis (ICA) and local outlier factor (LOF). LOF is a recently developed outlier detection technique which is a density-based outlierness calculation method. In the proposed monitoring scheme, ICA transformation is performed and the control limit of LOF value is obtained based on the normal operating condition (NOC) dataset. Then, at the monitoring phase, the LOF value of current observation is computed at each monitoring time, which determines whether the current process is a fault or not. The comparison experiments are conducted with existing ICA-based monitoring schemes on widely used benchmark processes, a simple multivariate process and the Tennessee Eastman process. The proposed scheme shows the improved accuracy over existing schemes. By adopting LOF, the monitoring statistic is computed regardless of data distribution. Therefore, the proposed scheme integrating ICA and LOF is more suitable for real industry where the monitoring variables are the mixture of Gaussian and non-Gaussian variables, whereas existing ICA-based schemes assume only non-Gaussian distribution. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Ge ZQ, 2010, J PROCESS CONTR, V20, P676, DOI 10.1016/j.jprocont.2010.03.003Chen S, 2010, EXPERT SYST APPL, V37, P1169, DOI 10.1016/j.eswa.2009.06.008Yu JB, 2010, J PROCESS CONTR, V20, P344, DOI 10.1016/j.jprocont.2009.12.002Hsu CC, 2010, INT J PROD RES, V48, P1727, DOI 10.1080/00207540802552683Ge ZQ, 2009, J CHEMOMETR, V23, P636, DOI 10.1002/cem.1262HSU C, 2009, EXPERT SYST APPL, V37, P3264WANG H, 2009, ACTA AUTOMATICA SINI, V35, P739Liu XQ, 2008, AICHE J, V54, P2379, DOI 10.1002/aic.11526Ganeriwal S, 2008, ACM T SENSOR NETWORK, V4, DOI 10.1145/1362542.1362546Kano M, 2008, COMPUT CHEM ENG, V32, P12, DOI 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2007.07.005Duan L, 2007, INFORM SYST, V32, P978, DOI 10.1016/j.is.2006.10.006Lee JM, 2007, CAN J CHEM ENG, V85, P526Ge ZQ, 2007, IND ENG CHEM RES, V46, P2054, DOI 10.1021/ie061083gAlbazzaz H, 2007, CHEM ENG COMMUN, V194, P218, DOI 10.1080/00986440600829739POKRAJAC D, 2007, P IEEE S COMP INT DA, V769, P504Wang K, 2007, INT J PROD RES, V45, P5601, DOI 10.1080/00207540701325488Lee JM, 2006, AICHE J, V52, P3501, DOI 10.1002/aic.10978Cho HW, 2005, INT J PROD RES, V43, P5181, DOI 10.1080/00207540500185141Lee JM, 2004, J PROCESS CONTR, V14, P467, DOI 10.1016/j.jprocont.2003.09.004Lee JM, 2004, CHEM ENG SCI, V59, P2995, DOI 10.1016/j.ces.2004.04.031Lee JM, 2004, CHEM ENG SCI, V59, P223, DOI 10.1016/j.ces.2003.09.012Jockenhovel T, 2003, COMPUT CHEM ENG, V27, P1513, DOI 10.1016/S0098-1354(03)00113-3Kano M, 2003, AICHE J, V49, P969LAZAREVIC A, 2003, SIAM PROC S, P25CHIANG LH, 2001, FAULT DETECTION DIAGBreunig MM, 2000, SIGMOD REC, V29, P93Chen Q, 2000, CONTROL ENG PRACT, V8, P531Hyvarinen A, 2000, NEURAL NETWORKS, V13, P411Martin EB, 1996, J PROCESS CONTR, V6, P349Ku WF, 1995, CHEMOMETR INTELL LAB, V30, P179DOWNS JJ, 1993, COMPUT CHEM ENG, V17, P245KRESTA JV, 1991, CAN J CHEM ENG, V69, P35

Striatal transcriptome and interactome analysis of Shank3-overexpressing mice reveals the connectivity between Shank3 and mTORC1 signaling

Mania causes symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, elevated mood, reduced anxiety and decreased need for sleep, which suggests that the dysfunction of the striatum, a critical component of the brain motor and reward system, can be causally associated with mania. However, detailed molecular pathophysiology underlying the striatal dysfunction in mania remains largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify the molecular pathways showing alterations in the striatum of SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 3 (Shank3)-overexpressing transgenic (TG) mice that display manic-like behaviors. The results of transcriptome analysis suggested that mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling may be the primary molecular signature altered in the Shank3 TG striatum. Indeed, we found that striatal mTORC1 activity, as measured by mTOR S2448 phosphorylation, was significantly decreased in the Shank3 TG mice compared to wild-type (WT) mice. To elucidate the potential underlying mechanism, we re-analyzed previously reported protein interactomes, and detected a high connectivity between Shank3 and several upstream regulators of mTORC1, such as tuberous sclerosis 1 (TSC1), TSC2 and Ras homolog enriched in striatum (Rhes), via 94 common interactors that we denominated “Shank3-mTORC1 interactome”. We noticed that, among the 94 common interactors, 11 proteins were related to actin filaments, the level of which was increased in the dorsal striatum of Shank3 TG mice. Furthermore, we could co-immunoprecipitate Shank3, Rhes and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family verprolin-homologous protein 1 (WAVE1) proteins from the striatal lysate of Shank3 TG mice. By comparing with the gene sets of psychiatric disorders, we also observed that the 94 proteins of Shank3-mTORC1 interactome were significantly associated with bipolar disorder (BD). Altogether, our results suggest a protein interaction-mediated connectivity between Shank3 and certain upstream regulators of mTORC1 that might contribute to the abnormal striatal mTORC1 activity and to the manic-like behaviors of Shank3 TG mice. © 2017 Lee, Kim, Lee, Zhang, Kim, Kim, Kim, Kang and Han9