In vitro rearing of Pratylenchidae nematodes on carrot discs

Cette technique d'élevage s'applique aux nématodes migrateurs (par exemple, aux espèces de Pratylenchus et à Radopholus similis) pour une production de masse des nématodes à des fins expérimentales, pour leur conservation, et pour des études de leur multiplication ou de leurs mécanismes de reproduction. Le principe de la méthode appliquée, les principaux avantages, le matériel végétal nécessaire et le temps requis sont présentés. Matériel et méthodes. Le matériel de laboratoire nécessaire, ainsi que le détail des neuf étapes nécessaires à la préparation des disques de carotte, la préparation des nématodes, l'inoculation des nématodes et la récupération des nématodes hors des boîtes de Pétri sont décrits. Les problèmes potentiels sont répertoriés. Résultats. Plusieurs milliers de nématodes peuvent être extraits à partir d'un disque de carotte après 6-8 semaines de culture, selon l'espèce et la population considérées (Résumé d'auteur

Travelling with Susie King Taylor

Susie King Taylorââ¬â¢s 1902 memoir of her Civil War experiences, Reminiscences of My Life in Camp, comprises a complex document testifying to the contest over the meaning of the Civil War in historical memory as well as the struggle of freed people, and black women in particular, to insert themselves into public dialogues as authorized subjects. Viewing Taylorââ¬â¢s narrative, the positioning of its author and the changing conditions of its reception, through the lens of black womanist theory and travel literature criticism presents an opportunity to consider the nature of knowledge in a way that resists dichotomizing authenticity and objectivity, or experience and interpretation

Response to The Duke Rape Case Five Years Later: Lessons for the Academy, the Media, and the Criminal Justice System by Dan Subotnik

There are all kinds of injustices in the world—unwarranted punishments and deprivations of liberty as well as undeserved material, psychological, and emotional injuries, inequities, and wrongs. False accusations provide the basis for one of the most poignant narratives of injustice because we have the sense that someone punished for a specific, discrete act that they did not commit is entirely innocent, not only of that discrete act but in some sort of existential sense of the word. ...Tragic irony is always compelling in a narrative, but, if one can identify with that falsely accused person, either because one shares similar background, circumstances, personal characteristics or because one has experienced a similar situation—or feels vulnerable to the same forces— the injustice seems to outweigh other wrongs, takes on greater importance than other inequities. The suffering rendered in such cases can seem more monstrous than other unwarranted deprivations that also arise from imperfect systems, and the institutional defects appear more glaring. Professor Subotnik’s tale of flawed institutions giving rise to the charges of rape against Duke student athletes is such a case in point, but that depends on the point of identification. By identifying so completely with the white male student athletes, Professor Subotnik loses himself in a story that is only a small subset of the many stories that can be told about our justice system and, in so doing, loses his sense of proportion

One-year reserve risk including a tail factor: closed formula and bootstrap approaches

In this paper, we detail the main simulation methods used in practice to measure one-year reserve risk, and describe the bootstrap method providing an empirical distribution of the Claims Development Result (CDR) whose variance is identical to the closed-form expression of the prediction error proposed by Wüthrich et al. (2008). In particular, we integrate the stochastic modeling of a tail factor in the bootstrap procedure. We demonstrate the equivalence with existing analytical results and develop closed-form expressions for the error of prediction including a tail factor. A numerical example is given at the end of this study.Non‐life insurance, Reserve risk, Claims Development Result, Bootstrap method, Tail factor, Prediction error, Solvency II

Nematode extraction from banana roots by the centrifugal-flotation technique

Introduction. La technique de centrifugation-flottaison permet de séparer toutes les espèces de nématodes, à tous les stades de développement, des particules de sol restant et des débris de racine pour faciliter leur observation. Le principe de la méthode appliquée, les principaux avantages, le matériel végétal nécessaire et le temps requis sont présentés. Matériel et méthodes. Le matériel de laboratoire nécessaire, ainsi que le détail des 19 étapes utilisées pour extraire les nématodes à partir du tissu végétal avant dénombrement et détermination sont décrits. Les problèmes potentiels sont répertoriés. (Résumé d'auteur