9 research outputs found

    Factors associated with psychological and behavioral functioning in people with type 2 diabetes living in France

    Get PDF
    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To identify demographic and clinical factors associated with psychological and behavioral functioning (PBF) in people with type 2 diabetes living in France.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In March 2002, approximately 10,000 adults, who had been reimbursed for at least one hypoglycemic treatment or insulin dose during the last quarter of 2001, received a questionnaire about their health status and PBF (3,646 responders). For this analysis, the 3,090 persons with type 2 diabetes, aged 18-85 years old were selected.</p> <p>PBF was measured with the adapted version of the Diabetes Health Profile for people with type 2 diabetes. This permitted the calculation of three functional scores - psychological distress (PD), barriers to activity (BA), and disinhibited eating (DE) - from 0 (worst) to 100 (best).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Major negative associations were observed with PBF for microvascular complications (a difference of 6.7 in the BA score between persons with and without microvascular complications) and severe hypoglycemia (difference of 7.9 in the BA score), insulin treatment (-8.5 & -9.5 in the PD & BA scores respectively, as compared to treatment with oral hypoglycemic agents), non-adherence to treatment (-12.3 in the DE score for persons forgetting their weekly treatment), increasing weight (-8.5 & -9.7 in the PD & DE scores respectively, as compared to stable weight), at least one psychiatrist visit in 2001 (-8.9 in the DE score), and universal medical insurance coverage (-7.9 in the PD score) (due to low income).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Prevention and management of microvascular complications or adherence to treatment (modifiable factors) could be essential to preserving or improving PBF among people with type 2 diabetes. A specific approach to type 2 diabetes management may be required in groups with a low socioeconomic profile (particularly people with universal medical insurance coverage), or other non modifiable factors.</p

    Effect of occupational safety and health education received during schooling on the incidence of workplace injuries in the first 2 years of occupational life: a prospective study

    No full text
    International audienceOBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the effect of occupational safety and health (OSH) education during formal schooling on the incidence of workplace injuries (WIs) in young people starting their careers. We hypothesised that young people who had received OSH education during their schooling would have fewer WIs than those who received no OSH education. Secondary objectives focused on the effect of 'first aid at work' training during schooling and the conditions encountered on arrival in the company (occupational hazard information, safety training and job task training) on WI occurrence.DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.PARTICIPANTS: From 2009 to 2012, French apprentices and students at the end of their schooling and starting their careers were included.OUTCOMES: Occurrence of WIs.METHODS: At the time of inclusion, information about school courses and personal characteristics were collected, and subsequent half-yearly contacts gathered information relating to work and personal data. During the 2-year follow-up, WIs were directly reported by participants and were identified by searching the French National Health Insurance Funds' databases listing compulsory WI declarations.RESULTS: 755 participants reported holding 1290 jobs. During follow-up, 158 WIs were identified, corresponding to an incident rate of 0.12 (0.10 to 0.14) WIs per full-time worker. Subjects who reported having received OSH education at school had two times less WIs than those declaring not having received OSH education (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.51, 0.00 to 0.98). A lower WI risk was observed for participants who received the 'first aid at work' training (IRR=0.68, 0.00 to 0.98). The conditions on arrival in company were not associated with WIs occurrence.CONCLUSION: In France, the OSH education provided to apprentices and students is mostly broader than the specific risks related to future jobs. Our results highlight the advantages of reinforcing this approach.L’objectif de cette Ă©tude Ă©tait de dĂ©terminer l’effet de l’enseignement en santĂ© et sĂ©curitĂ© au travail (SST), reçu au cours de la formation initiale, sur la survenue d’accident du travail (AT) chez les jeunes qui entrent dans la vie active. Les auteurs sont partis de l’hypothĂšse que les jeunes qui ont reçu une formation SST au cours de leurs Ă©tudes scolaires pourraient avoir moins d’AT que ceux qui n’ont pas Ă©tĂ© formĂ©s. Les objectifs secondaires portaient sur les effets d’une formation aux premiers secours au travail et des conditions Ă  l’arrivĂ©e dans l’entreprise (information sur les risques professionnels, formation Ă  la sĂ©curitĂ©, formation par un « parrain ») sur la survenue des AT. Il s’agissait d’une Ă©tude de cohorte prospective menĂ©e sur une pĂ©riode de 2 annĂ©es. De 2009 Ă  2012, des apprentis et des Ă©tudiants français en fin de scolaritĂ© et dĂ©butant une vie professionnelle ont Ă©tĂ© inclus. Au moment de l’inclusion dans l’étude, un questionnaire a recueilli des informations sur la scolaritĂ© et des caractĂ©ristiques individuelles, et un questionnaire de suivi, complĂ©tĂ© tous les six mois pendant deux ans a recueilli des informations sur le travail et des donnĂ©es personnelles. La survenue d’accident du travail au cours du suivi a Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©e par la dĂ©claration des jeunes et via les bases de donnĂ©es de dĂ©claration obligatoire des accidents du travail gĂ©rĂ©es par les caisses rĂ©gionales d’assurance maladie. 755 participants ont dĂ©clarĂ© avoir exercĂ© 1 290 emplois. Au cours de la pĂ©riode de suivi, 158 AT ont Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©s, correspondant Ă  un taux incident de 0,12 (0,10 Ă  0,14) AT par salariĂ© temps plein. Les sujets qui ont dĂ©clarĂ© avoir reçu un enseignement SST Ă  l’école avaient 2 fois moins d’accidents du travail que ceux qui ont dĂ©clarĂ© ne pas en avoir reçu. Un risque d’AT plus faible Ă©tait observĂ© chez ceux qui avaient bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’une formation aux premiers secours au travail. Les conditions d’intĂ©gration dans l’entreprise n’étaient pas associĂ©es Ă  la survenue des AT. En conclusion, en France, l’enseignement SST dispensĂ© aux apprentis et aux Ă©tudiants de maniĂšre plus large que les risques spĂ©cifiques de leurs futurs emplois. Ces rĂ©sultats soulignent les avantages de renforcer cette approche

    Predialysis therapeutic care and health-related quality of life at dialysis onset (The pharmacoepidemiologic AVENIR study)

    No full text
    Abstract Background To determine the impact of the quality of pre-dialysis nephrological care on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at dialysis onset, which has not been well evaluated. Methods All adults who began a dialysis treatment in the administrative region of Lorraine (France) in 2005 or 2006, were enrolled in this prospective observational study. HRQoL was measured using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life V36 questionnaire, which enables calculation of two generic (physical and mental) and three specific dimensions (Symptoms/problems, Effects and Burden of kidney disease). The specific dimensions were scored from 0 to 100 (worst to best possible functioning). Pre-dialysis nephrological care was measured using three indicators: quality of therapeutic practices (evaluated across five main aspects: hypertension/proteinuria, anemia, bone disease, metabolic acidosis and dyslipidemia), time since referral to a nephrologist and number of nephrology consultations in the year preceding dialysis treatment. Results Two thousand and eighty-three (67.4%) patients were referred to a nephrologist more than 1 month before dialysis initiation and completed the HRQoL questionnaire. Quality of therapeutic practices was significantly associated with the Mental component. Time since referral to a nephrologist was associated with Symptoms/problems and the Effects of kidney disease dimensions, but no relationship was found between the number of nephrology consultations and HRQoL. Conclusions HRQoL at dialysis onset is significantly influenced by the quality of pre-dialysis nephrological care. Therefore, disease management should be emphasized.</p

    Evaluation and determinants of underprescription of erythropoiesis stimulating agents in pre-dialysis patients with anaemia.: Adequacy of anaemia correction in ESRD patients

    No full text
    International audienceBACKGROUND: Inadequate anaemia correction (haemoglobin (Hb) <11 g/dl without receiving an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) is common in pre-dialysis patients, but little is known about its determinants. We used data from the French end-stage renal disease (ESRD) registry to investigate these determinants and the patients' anaemia status 1 year after starting dialysis. METHODS: Pre-dialysis anaemia care was studied in 6,271 incident ESRD patients from 13 regions, who were first treated between 2003 and 2005. Data included pre-dialysis Hb measure and ESA use, patient's condition and modalities of dialysis initiation. Anaemia status at 1 year was studied in 925 patients from four regions who started dialysis in 2003 and 2004, were still on dialysis one year later, and had completed the annual registry data form. RESULTS: Overall, 34.7% of the patients had inadequate pre-dialysis anaemia correction, with variations across regions from 21.1 to 43.2%. Inadequate anaemia correction decreased from 38.0% in 2003 to 33.2% in 2005. It was less likely in patients with diabetic or polycystic kidney disease and more likely in those with malignancy, unplanned haemodialysis, and low glomerular filtration rate or low serum albumin at dialysis initiation. One year after starting dialysis, inadequate correction concerned only 2.6% of the patients. Hb level had risen from 10.3 g/dl in pre-dialysis to 11.7 g/dl, but remained lower in those with inadequate pre-dialysis correction. CONCLUSION: Despite improvement over time, inadequate correction with ESAs remains high in pre-dialysis patients in contrast with those on dialysis. As the timing of dialysis initiation is uncertain, continuous management of anaemia is requested

    Travail de nuit et facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire chez des travailleurs français

    No full text
    International audienceCONTEXTE - Étudier les relations entre diffĂ©rents proïŹls d’exposition au travail de nuit (TN) et les facteurs de risque de maladies cardiovasculaires ischĂ©miques (MCV). METHODES - Une Ă©tude transversale a Ă©tĂ© menĂ©e auprĂšs de 24 806 hommes et 27 111 femmes de la cohorte Constances actifs et ĂągĂ©s de 18-70 ans Ă  l’inclusion. Trois groupes d'exposition au TN ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©ïŹnis : (1) TN ïŹxe, (2) TN en horaire alternant, (3) travailleurs de jour (TJ) avec un passĂ© de travail de nuit/postĂ©. Des modĂšles de rĂ©gression logistique multiples ont Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©s pour Ă©valuer les associations entre les facteurs de risque MCV et ces groupes d'exposition, en comparaison aux TJ sur toute la carriĂšre (rĂ©fĂ©rence) et selon le sexe. RESULTATS - Les hommes des trois groupes d’exposition au TN ont un risque d’indice de masse corporelle ≄30 signiïŹcativement plus Ă©levĂ© par rapport au groupe de rĂ©fĂ©rence. Les TN en horaire alternant ont un risque signiïŹcativement plus Ă©levĂ© de syndrome mĂ©tabolique, principalement dĂ» Ă  trois critĂšres : obĂ©sitĂ© abdominale, hypertri-glycĂ©ridĂ©mie et hypo-HDLĂ©mie. Ils prĂ©sentent Ă©galement un risque signiïŹcatif d’hypercholestĂ©rolĂ©mie. Les TJ ayant un passĂ© de travail de nuit/postĂ© montrent des risques signiïŹcativement plus Ă©levĂ©s d’obĂ©sitĂ© abdominale et d’hypertriglycĂ©ridĂ©mie. Aucun sur-risque d'hypertension et d'hyperglycĂ©mie n'a Ă©tĂ© observĂ© dans les trois groupes. Les femmes, TN ïŹxe, prĂ©sentent un excĂšs de risque signiïŹcatif de syndrome mĂ©tabolique, sur deux critĂšres : hypertriglycĂ©ridĂ©mie et hypo-HDLĂ©mie. Le risque liĂ© Ă  ce dernier critĂšre est Ă©galement signiïŹcatif pour les femmes TJ avec un passĂ© de travail de nuit/postĂ©. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION - Les rĂ©sultats conïŹrment la nĂ©cessitĂ© de la mise en place de mesures de prĂ©vention par un suivi cardiovasculaire des travailleurs de nuit. Il est Ă©galement nĂ©cessaire de suivre rĂ©guliĂšrement et spĂ©ciïŹquement les travailleurs de jour actuels ayant travaillĂ© de nuit/postĂ© dans leur carriĂšre

    La pharmaco-Ă©pidĂ©miologie pour Ă©valuer les pratiques cliniques et leur impact sur la santĂ©, Ă  propos d’un exemple en nĂ©phrologie : l’étude AVENIR

    No full text
    International audienceThe AVENIR study is a pharmaco-epidemiological study, lead in Lorraine region (France) between 1st January, 2005 and 31st December, 2006, which aim at: evaluating the quality of therapeutic practices, delivered by nephrologists, for chronic kidney disease patients during the year preceding dialysis onset, assessing the association between quality of predialysis therapeutic practices and survival and hospitalization during the first year of dialysis, and health-related quality of life at dialysis onset. Several data were collected for the AVENIR study: demographic, clinical, biological and therapeutic data before dialysis, morbidity and mortality during dialysis treatment. These data were used for secondary analyses investigating the decline in glomerular filtration rate over the year preceding dialysis, the management of hypertension and proteinuria before dialysis, and characteristics and outcomes of patients with delayed dialysis initiation. Results from the AVENIR study have been published in various international journals. The aim of this manuscript is to present a summary of these results and the lessons we can learn for the nephrological practice.L’étude AVENIR est une Ă©tude de pharmaco-Ă©pidĂ©miologie, conduite en 2005 et 2006 en rĂ©gion Lorraine, et dont les objectifs principaux Ă©taient : d’évaluer la qualitĂ© des pratiques nĂ©phrologiques de prise en charge mĂ©dicamenteuse chez les insuffisants rĂ©naux chroniques au cours de l’annĂ©e prĂ©cĂ©dant le dĂ©marrage de la dialyse, de mesurer l’impact de la qualitĂ© de ces pratiques sur la morbimortalitĂ© pendant la premiĂšre annĂ©e de dialyse et la qualitĂ© de vie Ă  l’initiation de la supplĂ©ance rĂ©nale. De nombreuses donnĂ©es dĂ©mographiques, cliniques, biologiques et thĂ©rapeutiques avant dialyse et de morbiditĂ© et mortalitĂ© pendant la dialyse, ont Ă©tĂ© recueillies dans le cadre de cette Ă©tude. Ces donnĂ©es ont permis de rĂ©aliser des analyses rĂ©pondant Ă  des objectifs secondaires de l’étude ; ces objectifs portaient sur dĂ©clin au cours du temps du dĂ©bit de filtration glomĂ©rulaire dans l’annĂ©e prĂ©cĂ©dant la supplĂ©ance rĂ©nale, la prise en charge de l’hypertension artĂ©rielle (HTA) et de la protĂ©inurie avant dialyse, le retard Ă  l’initiation de la dialyse et ses consĂ©quences sur la morbiditĂ© et la mortalitĂ©. Les rĂ©sultats, correspondant aux objectifs principaux et secondaires de l’étude AVENIR, ont Ă©tĂ© publiĂ©s dans diffĂ©rentes revues internationales. L’objectif de cet article est de prĂ©senter une synthĂšse de ses rĂ©sultats et les leçons Ă  en tirer pour la pratique nĂ©phrologique
    corecore