Fostering Hope and Enhancing Resilience through Character Strengths Interventions

This paper provides a review of the theory and application for how to integrate positive psychology, specifically VIA character strength interventions, into the programming at The Food Project (TFP). TFP is an impactful community based non-profit organization in Southwest Baltimore that provides cooking, farming, and restaurant skills, job opportunities, sustainable food sources, and mentorship to the underserved youth in the area. All programs are facilitated at TFP’s community center. TFP is looking for ways to continue to build hope and resilience among its youth participants. Upon reviewing the positive psychology literature, we determined five specific evidence-based interventions that integrate VIA character strengths into the existing programming at TFP. Each intervention is intended to build resilience and cultivate hope for the youth participants and includes a measurement plan to evaluate the effectiveness of the new initiative

Homelessness in urban communities in the US: A Scoping Review utilizing the Socio-Ecological Model

Homelessness remains a core element of the current housing stability crisis in the United States, especially in urban communities. Disparities are an important part of the pathway to homelessness, but they alone are not enough to generate and perpetuate homelessness in the US. Therefore, it is crucial to analyze existing literature to provide an evidence-based framework to help inform homeless-related policies, programs, and interventions to improve the quality of life for homeless individuals. This scoping review aims to map the last five years\u27 literature around homelessness in U.S. urban communities by utilizing the socioecological model to analyze system-based implicated factors. The PubMed database was used to search articles from 2016 to 2020. Included articles were based in the United States at urban communities involving homeless individuals or families. A total of 145 articles were found for screening. Forty-nine articles met the selection criteria. A Florida-based university street medicine team involved in this research project highlights the need for an interprofessional approach to homelessness. The results of this scoping review suggest that structural, systemic, and historical factors at all the levels of the socioecological model are implicated in the complex reality of homelessness in U.S. urban communities generating individual and collective disparities. Future research and practice need to elucidate the impact of intersectionality among factors associated with homelessness

Covington, GA

Prepared by the Spring 2015 Preservation Planning Class. These Design Guidelines were created to guide property owners and the Historic Preservation Commission during the review process. The Guidelines ensure the continued historic integrity of properties within the district. The Covington Historic District and the North Covington Historic District are outlined within this document.https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_heritagepreservation/1012/thumbnail.jp

The Evolution of Primate Short-Term Memory.

Short-term memory is implicated in a range of cognitive abilities and is critical for understanding primate cognitive evolution. To investigate the effects of phylogeny, ecology and sociality on short-term memory, we tested the largest and most diverse primate sample to date (421 non-human primates across 41 species) in an experimental delayed-response task. Our results confirm previous findings that longer delays decrease memory performance across species and taxa. Our analyses demonstrate a considerable contribution of phylogeny over ecological and social factors on the distribution of short-term memory performance in primates; closely related species had more similar short-term memory abilities. Overall, individuals in the branch of Hominoidea performed better compared to Cercopithecoidea, who in turn performed above Platyrrhini and Strepsirrhini. Interdependencies between phylogeny and socioecology of a given species presented an obstacle to disentangling the effects of each of these factors on the evolution of short-term memory capacity. However, this study offers an important step forward in understanding the interspecies and individual variation in short-term memory ability by providing the first phylogenetic reconstruction of this trait’s evolutionary history. The dataset constitutes a unique resource for studying the evolution of primate cognition and the role of short-term memory in other cognitive abilities.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The Evolution of Primate Short-Term Memory

Short-term memory is implicated in a range of cognitive abilities and is critical for understanding primate cognitive evolution. To investigate the effects of phylogeny, ecology and sociality on short-term memory, we tested the largest and most diverse primate sample to date (421 non-human primates across 41 species) in an experimental delayed-response task. Our results confirm previous findings that longer delays decrease memory performance across species and taxa. Our analyses demonstrate a considerable contribution of phylogeny over ecological and social factors on the distribution of short-term memory performance in primates; closely related species had more similar short-term memory abilities. Overall, individuals in the branch of Hominoidea performed better compared to Cercopithecoidea, who in turn performed above Platyrrhini and Strepsirrhini. Interdependencies between phylogeny and socioecology of a given species presented an obstacle to disentangling the effects of each of these factors on the evolution of short-term memory capacity. However, this study offers an important step forward in understanding the interspecies and individual variation in short-term memory ability by providing the first phylogenetic reconstruction of this trait’s evolutionary history. The dataset constitutes a unique resource for studying the evolution of primate cognition and the role of short-term memory in other cognitive abilities

Translating social motivation into action: The contributions of need for approval to social outcomes in elementary school

This research examined how 2nd grade children???s need for approval from peers influenced their social behavior (prosocial behavior, overt and relational aggression, and avoidant behavior) as well as how peers respond to them (popularity, victimization, and exclusion) across a one year span. Need for approval was conceptualized as either the motivation to gain approval or avoid disapproval from peers. Children (N = 526, M age = 7.95, SD = .33) reported on their need for approval and their teachers reported on children???s social outcomes. As anticipated, having an approach orientation, as reflected in positive need for approval, is adaptive by promoting positive outcomes (i.e., popularity) and protecting against negative outcomes (i.e., aggression, victimization, and exclusion). Conversely, an avoidance orientation is more disadvantageous because it places children at risk for negative outcomes (i.e. diminished popularity and heightened aggression, victimization, and exclusion). The current study shows that children???s approach-avoidance orientation contributes to their peer relationships over time, providing specific targets for interventions that optimize children???s peer relationships

Foreign Policy, Interrupted

To respond to a stark gender disparity in foreign affairs, a new non-profit works to get more women miked, quoted, and bylined

An experimental test of the allotonic frequency hypothesis to isolate the effects of light pollution on bat prey selection:

Artificial lights may be altering interactions between bats and moth prey. According to the allotonic frequency hypothesis (AFH), eared moths are generally unavailable as prey for syntonic bats (i.e., bats that use echolocation frequencies between 20 and 50 kHz within the hearing range of eared moths) due to the moths’ ability to detect syntonic bat echolocation. Syntonic bats therefore feed mainly on beetles, flies, true bugs, and non-eared moths. The AFH is expected to be violated around lights where eared moths are susceptible to exploitation by syntonic bats because moths’ evasive strategies become less effective. The hypothesis has been tested to date almost exclusively in areas with permanent lighting, where the effects of lights on bat diets are confounded with other aspects of human habitat alteration. We undertook diet analysis in areas with short-term, localized artificial lighting to isolate the effects of artificial lighting and determine if syntonic and allotonic bats (i.e., bats that use echolocation frequencies outside the hearing range of eared moths) consumed more moths under conditions of artificial lights than in natural darkness

The neonatal anti-viral response fails to control measles virus spread in neurons despite interferon-gamma expression and a Th1-like cytokine profile

Neonates are highly susceptible to viral infections in the periphery, potentially due to deviant cytokine responses. Here, we investigated the role of interferon-gamma (IFN?), a key anti-viral in the neonatal brain. We found that (i) IFN? which is critical for viral control and survival in adults, delays mortality in neonates, (ii) IFN? limits infiltration of macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells in the neonatal brain, (iii) neonates and adults differentially express pathogen recognition receptors and Type I interferons in response to the infection, (iv) both neonates and adults express IFN? and other Th1-related factors, but expression of many cytokines/chemokines and IFN?-responsive genes is age-dependent, and (v) administration of IFN? extends survival and reduces CD4 T cell infiltration in the neonatal brain. Our findings suggest age-dependent expression of cytokine/chemokine profiles in the brain and distinct dynamic interplays between lymphocyte populations and cytokines/chemokines in MV-infected neonates

Mable House

Prepared by the Fall 2014 Conservation of Historic Building Materials class. This Historic Structure Report contains historical background for the Mable House, the physical and architectural descriptions of the landscape and structures, conditions assessment of the building exterior, interior, mechanical systems and the grounds, and treatment recommendations for those sections. The purpose of this report is to provide a current assessment of the condition of the property, recommendations for needed repairs and options for future use.https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_heritagepreservation/1027/thumbnail.jp