Upper Permian Evaporites and Associated Rocks of Dalmatia and Borderline Area of Lika and Bosnia

In the region of Central and North Dalrnatia, as well as in thesoutheastern Lika and western Bosnia, the evaporite complex composedmainly of gypswn and anhydrite and associated rocks: clastics, carbonateand somewhere volcanites have been investigated. The lithologicaland petrographical characteristics of these sediments, theirinterrelationships and relations with Mesozoic, Paleogene and Neogenestrata have been shown. Also, the palynological analyses prove UpperPerm ian age of the cvaporite complex for the first time. This conclusionhas been supported with the geochemical and mineralogical dataas well

Stratigraphic structure of the B1 Tertiary tectonostratigraphic unit in eastern Slovenia

High inconsistency and incoherence in the stratigraphy of the Slovenian upper Paleogene and lower Miocene have remained unsolved in the past 150 years. To solve the problem, we tried to rigorously conduct the authentic Galilei’s scientific method. Steps of logical and empirical verification confirmed the existence of the posited B1 Tertiary tectonostratigraphic unit, and a general chronostratigraphic model of new positional relationships of lithologic units resulted from rather good biochronostratigraphic resolution achieved by nannoplankton and planktonic foraminifera biostratigraphy. The application of principles of newly developed fields in science helped us to avoid errors in transmission of messages (to reduce noise) from the source (rock) to the concept formation,which had been done previously. This in turn has strongly reduced inconsistency andincoherence (high information entropy = uncertainty). The released amount of information enabled us to answer also questions that reached beyond the original difficulty, e.g.: is the tectonostratigraphic structure of eastern Slovenia a manifestation of plate tectonics processes, and of which ones, are theories of continental escape in the Alps and associated dissection and offset of the formerly uniform Slovenian-Hungarian Paleogene basin tenableor not, are then there in the B1 stratigraphic equivalents of the Hungarian Paleogene basin formations, where are the important Eocene / Oligocene, Paleogene / Neogene, Rupelian / Chattian and Kiscellian / Egerian boundaries in Slovenia, and is there acontinuation of the B1 in Croatia and in the Mid-Hungarian tectonic zone

Late Eocene benthic foraminiferal fauna from clastic sequence of the Socka - Dobrna area and its chronostratigraphic importance (Slovenia)

We surveyed, sampled and described Late Eocene (Priabonian) benthic foraminiferal fauna from two sections in the type locality of the Socka beds, between Socka and Dobrna.We present a short history of research of these beds emphasising their dating, from the middle of 19th century on. We describe the lithological characteristics and lithostratigraphy of the sections. In total 118 taxa of benthic foraminifers were identified, and the Priabonian age of the Soca beds established

Miocene Mediterranean Nd, Sr, C and O isotope composition

Isotopic compositions of marine sediments and fossils have been investigated from northern basins of the Mediterranean to help constrain local oceanographic and climatic changes adjacent to the uplifting Alps. Stable C and O isotope compositions of benthic and planktonic foraminifera from the Umbria-Marche region (UMC) have an offset characteristic for their habitats and the changes in composition mimic global changes, suggesting that the regional conditions of climate and the carbon cycle were controlled by global changes. The radiogenic isotope composition of these fossil assemblages allows recognition of three distinct periods. In the first period, from 25 to 19 Ma, high epsilon-Nd values and low 87Sr/86Sr of sediments and fossils support intense tectonism and volcanism, related to the opening of the western Mediterranean. In the second period, from 19 to 13 Ma the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of Mediterranean (UMC) deviate from the global ocean, which is compatible with rapid uplift of the hinterland and intense influx of Sr from Mesozoic carbonates of the western Apennines. This local control on the seawater was driven by a humid and warm climate and indicates restricted exchange of water with the global ocean. Generally, the epsilon-Nd values of the fossils are very similar to those of Indian Ocean water, with brief periods of a decrease in the epsilon-Nd values coinciding with volcanic events and maybe sea level variation at 15.2 Ma. In the third period, from 13 to 10 Ma the fossils have 87Sr/86Sr similar to those of Miocene seawater while their epsilon-Nd values change considerably with time. This indicates fluctuating influence of the Atlantic versus the Paratethys and/or locally evolved seawater in the Mediterranean driven by global sea level changes. Other investigated localities near the Alps and from the ODP 900 site are compatible with this oceanographic interpretation. However, in the late early Miocene, enhanced local control, reflecting erosion of old crustal silicate rocks near the Alps, results in higher 87Sr/86Sr