Notes and laboratory reports on “Technology of Structural materials and Material Science” Part 2

“Technology of Structural materials and Material Science” is one of the basic technical disciplines in the syllabus for “Engineering mechanics” field of study. During the implementation of laboratory work considerable attention is given to the educational and experimental work for the study of materials that are used in different branches of an industry; alloy’s properties dependance on the chemical composition; structure, methods of treatment and external environments. The study of the theory and practice of different methods of materials strengthening is to provide a high reliability and longevity of the machine’s details, devices, tools etc. After every practical class in the laboratory, students will fill the laboratory report. The content of the laboratory class corresponds with the syllabus of the course “Material Science” for students of the “Engineering mechanics” field of study. The purpose of this manual is to provide guidelines for the students in preparation for independent laboratory work and to project its results in the laboratory reports

Universality of temperature distribution in granular gas mixtures with a steep particle size distribution

Distribution of granular temperatures in granular gas mixtures is investigated analytically and numerically. We analyze space uniform systems in a homogeneous cooling state (HCS) and under a uniform heating with a mass-dependent heating rate $\Gamma_k\sim m_k^{\gamma}$. We demonstrate that for steep size distributions of particles the granular temperatures obey a universal power-law distribution, $T_k \sim m_k^{\alpha}$, where the exponent $\alpha$ does not depend on a particular form of the size distribution, the number of species and inelasticity of the grains. Moreover, $\alpha$ is a universal constant for a HCS and depends piecewise linearly on $\gamma$ for heated gases. The predictions of our scaling theory agree well with the numerical results

Courage and Freedom to Fail: Innovation, Risk and Outcomes in Public Life

Australia needs new institutions and techniques to reduce the risks of courageous decision-making in politics and the public service and encourage progress and reform. Global Access Partners’ director of research Olga Bodrova recaps the ideas of one of GAP’s most forward-thinking taskforces

'The time for resilience is now': Recommendations of the 2020 GAP Summit on National Reslience

Recent environmental, health and economic crises have exposed Australia’s structural weaknesses as well as highlighting individual strength and community agility in the face of challenge and change. Olga Bodrova recounts the ideas and proposals from Global Access Partners’ latest public forum in 2020

Second Track case study: OECD Working Party on SMEs and Entrepreneurship

The importance of SMEs to national economies and international trade was not reflected in the policy deliberations of major international economic institutions such as the OECD and World Bank until the early 1990s, when an early example of the Second Track process changed the status quo. Olga Bodrova recounts the origins of OECD’s leading body on SME policies with insight from those who were there

Reproductive behaviour of Russia's population in the transition period

In Rußland ist die demographische Situation seit vielen Jahren schwierig. Sie wird heute gekennzeichnet durch anhaltenden Geburtenrückgang, der sich in den neunziger Jahren beschleunigt; steigende Indikatoren der Mortalität, besonders bei Männern im arbeitsfähigen Alter und bei den nichtnatürlichen Todesursachen; dauerhaft hohe Kindersterblichkeit, die weiter ansteigt; zunehmende Ehescheidungen bei rückläufigen Eheschließungen; steigende Anzahl der Alleinerziehenden, die gegenwärtig 4 Millionen Kinder versorgen; seit 1992 ist ein tatsächlicher Bevölkerungsrückgang zu beobachten, es sterben mehr Menschen als Kinder geboren werden.The demographic situation in Russia has long presented a complicated picture. At the present time, it is characterized by an accelerating decline in fertility in the nineties; a rise in the mortality indices, especially among men of working age and deaths of non-natural causes; stabilization of infant mortality indices at a high level; a rise in childbirth mortality; an increase in the number of divorces, coupled with a drop in the number of marriages; an increase in the number of single parents, who are now rearing about 4 million children under age; an absolute reduction in population numbers in the country since 1992