Some remarks on one-dimensional force-free Vlasov-Maxwell equilibria

The conditions for the existence of force-free non-relativistic translationally invariant one-dimensional (1D) Vlasov-Maxwell (VM) equilibria are investigated using general properties of the 1D VM equilibrium problem. As has been shown before, the 1D VM equilibrium equations are equivalent to the motion of a pseudo-particle in a conservative pseudo-potential, with the pseudo-potential being proportional to one of the diagonal components of the plasma pressure tensor. The basic equations are here derived in a different way to previous work. Based on this theoretical framework, a necessary condition on the pseudo-potential (plasma pressure) to allow for force-free 1D VM equilibria is formulated. It is shown that linear force-free 1D VM solutions, which so far are the only force-free 1D VM solutions known, correspond to the case where the pseudo-potential is an attractive central potential. A general class of distribution functions leading to central pseudo-potentials is discussed.Comment: Physics of Plasmas, accepte

Конфликт интересов: правоприменение и конфликтология

The subject. The article is devoted to conflictology as one of the most relevant, almost significant, debatable problems in law theory, legal sciences, political science, philosophy, psychology and economics. The author analyzes specific examples of conflicts of interest in various corruption spheres and manifestations, for example, in the sphere of participation of economic actors in the procurement announced by state and municipal authorities.The purpose of the article is to identify the nature of conflicts of interest as the basis of corruption.The methodology. The author uses comparisons of common and private, cause and effect, patterns and randomness, content and form, essence and phenomenon, the transition of quantity into quality, as well as the methods of sociology and psychology.The main results, scope of application. The article analyzes the relationship between corruption and nepotism. The article discusses legal and moral ways to prevent conflict, the role of ethical standards in conflict prevention, regulatory framework for preventing and settling them, the ratio of conflict of interest and employee qualifications, balance of material and personal interest, Commissions to prevent conflicts of interest, guaranteeing the role of writing notice of a conflict of interest, Features of the notification procedure, moral means of preventing and resolve conflicts of interest. Exclusively legal methods are insufficient to prevent and eliminate conflicts of interest and corruption-related risks. A combination of legal and moral measures is necessary, and most importantly, the exclusion of kinship and other forms of nepotism in the formation of government bodies and the appointment of officials, the hiring of state and municipal employees. It is necessary to exclude formalism from the institution of competitive selection of civil servants.Conclusions. The elimination of the contradictions between some federal anti-corruption laws has much less effect on the state of corruption in the state than the flourishing nepotism. The exercise of official functions takes place in the form of law enforcement: if there is no application of the law – there is no corruption. The main emphasis should be directed to the process of forming the apparatus of state and municipal authorities, employees of state and municipal institutions, primarily in the educational sphere, on which the upbringing of new generations of employees depends, the steady observance of high professional and moral requirements imposed on state and municipal employees and teachers in schools and universities.Конфликт интересов и непотизм в органах власти рассматриваются в качестве коррупциогенных факторов, предопределенных различными социальными ролями служащих и должностных лиц. Поскольку осуществление должностных функций происходит в виде правоприменения, то вне правоприменения нет и коррупции, если речь не идет о корыстном бездействии. Делается вывод о приоритетности кадровой политики среди правоприменителей, в том числе необходимости законодательного запрета непотизма в органах власти

Политика предоставления научных грантов в России и ее перспективы

Modern criteria for assessing scientific activity, established in 2013, are considered. The shortcomings of these criteria, which the author of this article, together with another professor, tried to recognize as invalid and not subject to application due to their contradiction with Russian legislation and national interests, are emphasized. The requirements for applicants for grants of the Russian Science Foundation are considered (RSF), which, after merging with the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), became the only federal scientific foundation. The first results of the merger of the two funds are analyzed. It is shown that this had a negative impact on the humanities, including legal sciences. The Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation dated March 19, 2022 No. 414 "On some issues of applying the requirements and target values of indicators related to publication activity" is analyzed. The resolution was adopted in response to the sanctions of unfriendly states, as well as a reaction to open letters from the public about the immediate exclusion from all regulations of the requirement to publish in journals from commercial indices. The resolution has the character of a moratorium on the application of requirements for the availability of publications in scientific journals indexed in international databases. Proposals are being made on the development of domestic criteria for publication activity.Рассматриваются критерии оценки научной деятельности и требования, предъявляемые к соискателям грантов Российского научного фонда (РНФ), который после объединения с РФФИ стал единственным федеральным научным фондом. Анализируются итоги слияния фондов, негативно отразившиеся на гуманитарных науках. Анализируется Постановление Правительства РФ от 19 марта 2022 г. № 414 «О некоторых вопросах применения требований и целевых значений показателей, связанных с публикационной активностью», принятое в ответ на санкции недружественных государств. Вносятся предложения по выработке отечественных критериев публикационной активности

Конституционный Суд Российской Федерации как субъект конституционной ответственности

The subject of the article is justification of the main elements of the constitutional responsibility of the Russian Constitutional Court in the context of constitutional reform.The purpose of the article is confirmation or refutation of the hypothesis that the Constitutional Court must be subject to constitutional responsibility.The methodology. The author uses methods of complex analysis of legislation, synthesis, as well as formal-logical and formal-legal methods.The main results, scope of application. Russia as a democratic state excludes the existence of legally irresponsible subjects of state power. It concerns the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. Legal irresponsibility characterizes only the absolute monarchy. The article comprehensively examines the problem of responsibility of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the reasons for the poor development of this institution in legislation and academic literature are also considered. The reasons for the Constitutional Court's dependence on the President of the Russian Federation as a "guarantor of the Constitution of the Russian Federation" have been systemized. The author considers duumvirate of guarantors of constitutional legitimacy as a nonsense. The reasons for the Constitutional Court's peculiar use of the law of the legislative initiative are considered. This initiative was used only in the direction of increasing the term of the powers of judges of the Constitutional Court from 65 up to 70 years. The life-long status of the President of the Court is seen as a violation of the principle of equality of judges, which is the most important guarantee of the independence of the Constitutional Court. Constitutional reform-2020 completed the process of dependence of the Constitutional Court on the President of the Russian Federation and the "second government" - the Administration of the Russian President. Some constitutional and legal torts of the Constitutional Court of the Russia are considered also. The author comes to the conclusion that judges of the constitutional court have a special responsibility - political, moral and historical. The main questions are need to be resolved: who has the right to state the torts of the constitutional court and what are the consequences of this statement?Комплексно исследуется проблема ответственности Конституционного Суда РФ, рассматриваются причины слабой разработанности этого института в теории конституционного права и практике государственного строительства. Изучается возможность причинения Конституционным Судом вреда конституционной законности. Делается вывод о том, что конституционная реформа 2020 г. завершила процесс зависимости Конституционного Суда от Президента РФ и фактически «второго Правительства» -Администрации Президента РФ

Modelling of methane partial oxidation in an asymmetric multilayered membrane reactor

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The management of acute myocardial infarction in the Russian Federation: protocol for a study of patient pathways

Death rates from cardiovascular disease in Russia are among the highest in the world. In recent years, the Russian government has invested substantially in the healthcare system, with a particular focus on improving access to advanced technology, especially for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This protocol describes a study to understand the management of AMI in different Russian regions, investigating the role of patient, clinical, and health system characteristic

Парадоксы применения законодательства о персональных данных

The subject. The article is devoted to the analysis of legislation on personal data and it’s enforcement in the educational process in higher educational institutions.The purpose of the article is highlight controversies in legislation on personal data, generating mistakes in enforcement during the educational procedures.The description of methodology. The author uses methods of complex analysis, synthesis, as well as formal-logical and formal-legal methods.The main results and scope of their application. The practice of interpreting the concepts of “personal data”, “confidential personal data”, “official secret”, “publicly available personal data” is extremely contradictory.Currently, there are hundreds departmental regulatory legal acts about various aspects of the protection of official secrets. Analysis of these acts shows that the rules aimed at preserving the confidentiality of official information regulate the following aspects of the functioning of state and municipal bodies, institutions and organizations: (a) ensuring access to official information; (b) providing state and municipal services; (c) document flow and record keeping; (d) staffing; (e) anti-corruption; (f) use of information systems; (g) interaction with the media; (h) prevention of conflicts of interest.The study load cannot be attributed to the personal data, that requires the consent of the teacher to be processed. The study load is nothing more than publicly available information, arising from the principles of collegiality of educational process management, competitiveness of education, its openness and transparency, that are established in the legislation on education.Conclusions. Extended interpretation of confidential personal data and inclusion of the teaching load to it is unacceptable. This contributes to conflicts of interest, corrupt factors and devaluation of higher education.Анализируется применение законодательства о персональных данных, преимущественно в учебном процессе в вузах, взаимосвязь персональных данных с конфиденциальной и служебной информацией. Делается вывод о недопустимости расширительного толкования конфиденциальных персональных данных и отнесения к ним учебной нагрузки – это способствует конфликту интересов, возникновению корруп-циогенных факторов и девальвации высшего образования

RESEARCH OF THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF FORECASTING OF COST INDICATORS OF DEVELOPMENT OF AVIATION ENGINEERING

Authors have analysed features of cost forecasting on development of aviation engineering of new generation. It is shown that modeling of both the process of development, and its technical and economic indicators presents certain difficulties. The factors influencing reducing cost of development of perspective aviation engineering are revealed and also the main directions of cost reduction on its development are offered

RESEARCH OF THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF FORECASTING OF COST INDICATORS OF DEVELOPMENT OF AVIATION ENGINEERING

Authors have analysed features of cost forecasting on development of aviation engineering of new generation. It is shown that modeling of both the process of development, and its technical and economic indicators presents certain difficulties. The factors influencing reducing cost of development of perspective aviation engineering are revealed and also the main directions of cost reduction on its development are offered