Battle

Wet from the cold March rain, the white paint glistens fresh. It is almost as if the barn has been swept by a snowstorm of Elmer\u27s Glue. In contrast to the radiant purity of this barn, the soil of the farm is a tiring alternation of milky gray and soggy brown. Tattered stubs of once-green corn cling to the ground in haggard remnants of narrow rows. Like the littered aftermath of Gettysburg, this land is hallowed--Mother Earth. The farmer sees himself as the victor. He has tamed the cycle with civilized plastic machinery

Rubber Bearings for Down-Hole Pumps

Synopsis of project activity: 1998--Awarded cost share grant from DOE. 1st Qtr 1999--Developed fail safe lubricating system. 2nd Qtr 1999--Performed first large scale test with nitrile based bearings. It failed due to material swelling. Failure was blamed on improper tolerance. 3rd Qtr 1999--Material tests were performed with autoclaves and exposure tests to Casa Diablo fluids. Testing of Viton materials began. Alternate bearing designs were developed to limit risk of improper tolerances. 4th Qtr 1999--Site testing indicated a chemical attack on the bearing material caused the test failure and not improper bearing tolerance. 1st Qtr 2000--The assistance of Brookhaven National Laboratory was obtained in evaluating the chemical attack. The National Laboratory also began more elaborate laboratory testing on bearing materials. 2nd Qtr 2000--Testing indicated Viton was an inappropriate material due to degradation in Casa Diablo fluid. Testing of EPDM began. 3rd Qtr 2001--EPDM bearings were installed for another large scale test. Bearings failed again due to swelling. Further testing indicated that larger then expected oil concentrations existed in lubricating water geothermal fluid causing bearing failure. 2002-2003--Searched for and tested several materials that would survive in hot salt and oil solutions. Kalrez{reg_sign}, Viton{reg_sign}ETP 500 and Viton{reg_sign}GF were identified as possible candidates. 2003-2005--Kalrez{reg_sign}has shown superior resistance to downhole conditions at Casa Diablo from among the various materials tested. Viton ETP-500 indicated a life expectancy of 13 years and because it is significantly less expensive then Kalrez{reg_sign}, it was selected as the bearing material for future testing. Unfortunately during the laboratory testing period Dupont Chemical chose to stop manufacturing this specific formulation and replaced it with Viton ETP 600S. The material is available with six different fillers; three based on zinc oxide and three based on silicon oxide. Samples of all six materials have been obtained and are being tested at the National Laboratory in Brookhaven, New York. This new material's properties as a bearing material and its ability to adhere to a bearings shell must be reviewed, but cost information deemed the material to be too expensive to be economical

Electron scattering and transport in simple liquid mixtures

The theory for electron transport in simple liquids developed by Cohen and Lekner is extended to simple liquid mixtures. The focus is on developing benchmark models for binary mixtures of hard-spheres, using the Percus-Yevick model to represent the density structure effects. A multi-term solution of the Boltzmann equation is employed to investigate the effect of the binary mixture structure on hard-sphere electron scattering cross-sections and transport properties, including the drift velocity, mean energy, longitudinal and transverse diffusion coefficients. Benchmark calculations are established for electrons driven out of equilibrium by a range of reduced electric field strengths 0.1-100 Td.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. To be published in J. Phys.

The Freshman, vol. 4, no. 4

The Freshman was a weekly, student newsletter issued on Mondays throughout the academic year. The newsletter included calendar notices, coverage of campus social events, lectures, and athletic teams. The intent of the publication was to create unity, a sense of community, and class spirit among first year students. Behavioral issues exhibited by members of the freshman class during the annual President\u27s Reception are covered in this edition. The Class of 1937 run of The Freshman featured original cover art by sketch artist Jack Frost (John Edward Frost, 1915-1997), who was born in Eastport, Maine. He attended the University of Maine for only a single academic year before moving to Massachusetts to work for the Boston Herald. Frost later became a columnist and illustrator for the Boston Post

From development to implementation with a fully integrated downstream bioprocess

Boehringer Ingelheim and Pfizer have developed a unique continuous bioprocess consisting of a short duration perfusion upstream and fully integrated downstream. The process is designed to generate at least 1 kg of material from a 100 L bioreactor in approximate 2 weeks. The upstream strategy utilizes a non-steady state, short duration perfusion process to achieve volumetric productivities ranging from 0.5 to 4 g/L/day. This creates a unique challenge for the downstream process as the titer and impurity load change over the duration of the culture. To accommodate upstream, a fully integrated downstream process was created using a combination of traditional batch unit operations and continuous bioprocessing. The system design includes a pair of small proteins A columns operated consecutively, a continuous low pH inactivation chamber (cVI), an anion exchange chromatography column, a single pass tangential flow filter, a virus filter and batch UFDF. The key to the system is three distinct operation modes including continuous, periodic and batch phases. The resulting hybrid system provides flexible and robust downstream processing of the continuous perfusion bioreactor. We have successfully used this new downstream process at the predicted manufacturing scale to generate clinical quality drug substance for multiple monoclonal antibodies. With the success of the new integrated system, our team is shifting its focus to implementation on a clinical program. A key element of the ongoing work is to establish the control and robustness of novel elements of our process such as confirming that the critical pH has been achieved during cVI and demonstrating robust impurity removal for dynamic loading on an AEX polishing step. In this talk, we will explain our approach to integrated continuous downstream processing and our strategy for future implementation. Data from at-scale demonstration runs will show the robustness of the process over a wide range of loading conditions. This will include product quality data including HCP, DNA, charge variants and aggregate removal that is consistent with batch processes. Process data will show the control and robustness of the approach

The Grizzly, October 13, 1989

Berman Opening Draws Near • Sculptor Chadwick Visits UC • Frats Angered • Letters: Grizzly, Get on the Ball!; Shape up!; Dump Starkist! • Michener Opens Museum • Swarthmore, Hopkins Defeated • V-Ball Wins • Hockey Squad Beats Nationally Ranked Teams • 1989 Candidates for Homecoming Queen • Soccer Looks to Future • Wagner Runs Wild • Athletes of the Week • Control Pledging Power Abuses • The Wismer Beastieshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1243/thumbnail.jp

Banner News

https://openspace.dmacc.edu/banner_news/1310/thumbnail.jp

Improving the Monitoring, Verification, and Accounting of CO{sub 2} Sequestered in Geologic Systems with Multicomponent Seismic Technology and Rock Physics Modeling

Research done in this study showed that P-SV seismic data provide better spatial resolution of geologic targets at our Appalachian Basin study area than do P-P data. This finding is important because the latter data (P-P) are the principal seismic data used to evaluate rock systems considered for CO{sub 2} sequestration. The increase in P-SV{sub 1} resolution over P-P resolution was particularly significant, with P-SV{sub 1} wavelengths being approximately 40-percent shorter than P-P wavelengths. CO{sub 2} sequestration projects across the Appalachian Basin should take advantage of the increased resolution provided by converted-shear seismic modes relative to P-wave seismic data. In addition to S-wave data providing better resolution of geologic targets, we found S-wave images described reservoir heterogeneities that P-P data could not see. Specifically, a channel-like anomaly was imaged in a key porous sandstone interval by P-SV{sub 1} data, and no indication of the feature existed in P-P data. If any stratigraphic unit is considered for CO{sub 2} storage purposes, it is important to know all heterogeneities internal to the unit to understand reservoir compartmentalization. We conclude it is essential that multicomponent seismic data be used to evaluate all potential reservoir targets whenever a CO{sub 2} storage effort is considered, particularly when sequestration efforts are initiated in the Appalachian Basin. Significant differences were observed between P-wave sequences and S- wave sequences in data windows corresponding to the Oriskany Sandstone, a popular unit considered for CO{sub 2} sequestration. This example demonstrates that S-wave sequences and facies often differ from P-wave sequences and facies and is a principle we have observed in every multicomponent seismic interpretation our research laboratory has done. As a result, we now emphasis elastic wavefield seismic stratigraphy in our reservoir characterization studies, which is a science based on the concept that the same weight must be given to S-wave sequences and facies as is given to P-wave sequences and facies. This philosophy differs from the standard practice of depending on only conventional P-wave seismic stratigraphy to characterize reservoir units. The fundamental physics of elastic wavefield seismic stratigraphy is that S- wave modes sense different sequences and facies across some intervals than does a P-wave mode because S-wave displacement vectors are orthogonal to P- wave displacement vectors and thus react to a different rock fabric than do P waves. Although P and S images are different, both images can still be correct in terms of the rock fabric information they reveal

Balancing continuous, integrated, and batch processing

We are building a new disposable manufacturing system to support the development and manufacturing of mAb and mAb-related products. We have made choices that are different than many others in the field of continuous and integrated processing. These choices avoid many misperceptions about continuous processing, are consistent with a staged approach to implementation, and facilitate manufacturing in either large-scale disposable or stainless manufacturing facilities. We have avoided the use of long-term steady-state perfusion. This mode of perfusion suffers from long development times, long manufacturing duration, extended Process Performance Qualification, large media consumption and perceived concerns about product quality variability and contamination. The system uses a short duration (\u3c15 days) non-steady state perfusion with perfusion rates as low as 0.3 bioreactor volumes per day. On-line UPLC is used to monitor product titer and quality. As a consequence of non-steady state perfusion operation, the integrated downstream is capable of handling day to day variability of 0.5g/L/day to 4g/L/day. The downstream avoids the use of SMB or PCC; rather, it integrates two batch chromatographic steps, a continuous virus inactivation step, and avoids in-process pooling. The product is stored after the second chromatography step for the duration of the batch. When the batch is complete, the pooled product is batched through a virus reduction filter and UFDF to make the bulk drug substance. Running these last two processes on the entire product pool at once allows an easy definition of a batch, without worry about pooling drug substance with different product quality profiles. The result is an integrated, semi-continuous manufacturing process that mitigates many of the concerns felt by the batch-processing community