Specifičnosti patohistološke analize karcinoma glave i vrata

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is the sixth most common malignancy. High morbidity and mortality, lack of response to radio-and chemotherapy and signifi cant reduction in the quality of life in patients after surgical procedures in the head and neck region stress the need for more eff ective methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease recurrence. In the past, pathologist only defined the diagnosis, today pathologist also determines the prognostic and predictive factors that are important in the treatment of patients. This places the pathologist in the core of in a multidisciplinary team for head and neck cancer and decision making.Karcinom pločastih stanica glave i vrata je na šestom mjestu zloćudnih tumora. Karakterizira ga visoka incidencija i visoka smrtnost, također ne pokazuje očekivani odgovor na zračenje i kemoterapiju, a vidljiva je značajno umanjena kvaliteta života u bolesnika nakon kirurškog liječenja. Sve to zahtjeva traženje mnogo učinkovitijih metoda u dijagnosticiu i liječenju kao i prevenciji bolesti. U prošlosti je patolog samo postavio dijagnozu, danas treba odrediti prognostičke i prediktivne čimbenike koji su važni za liječenje bolesnika. Patolog je postao jedna od ključnih osoba u multidisciplinarnom timu karcinoma glave

The pathologist – a key person in a multidisciplinary team of breast cancer

Diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer has progressed rapidly in recent 20 years. The diagnosis was first based on clinical appearance that changes after the introduction of mammography in the diagnosis. Development of radiological techniques has led to the detection of a small and non-palpable lesions, and surgeons are increasingly applied conserving procedures for breast cancer. Therefore, today is a very important multidisciplinary team in the treatment of patients with breast cancer. A pathologist is a key member of the multidisciplinary team because must determine the number of prognostic and predictive factors for patients with breast cancer which requires some standardized protocols and processing of tissue samples

Patohistološki standardi za karcinom dojke

Diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer has progressed rapidly in recent 20 years. The diagnosis was fi rst based on clinical appearance that changes after the introduction of mammography in the diagnosis. Development of radiological techniques has led to the detection of a small and non-palpable lesions, and surgeons are increasingly applied conserving procedures for breast cancer. Therefore, today is a very important multidisciplinary team in the treatmentof patients with breast cancer. A pathologist is a key member of the multidisciplinary team who determines the prognostic and predictive factors for patients with breast cancer which require some standardized protocols and processing of tissue samples.Dijagnostika i liječenje karcinoma dojke je posljednjih 20 godina vrlo brzo napredovalo. U prvo vrijeme dijagnoza se postavljala na temelju kliničkih nalaza što se promijenilo uvođenjem mamografije. Razvoj radioloških metoda doveo je do otkrivanja malih i nepalpabilnih lezija te su kirurzi počeli primjenjivati poštedne kirurške zahvate nakon kojih slijedi adjuvantno liječenje. Zbog toga je danas vrlo važan multidisciplinarni tim u liječenju bolesnica s karcinomom dojke. Patolog je ključni član multidisciplinarnog tima jer mora odrediti brojne prognostičke i prediktivne čimbenike za bolesnice s karcinomom dojke što sve zahtjeva odgovarajuće standardizirane protokole i postupke za uzorke tkiva

Specifičnosti patohistološke analize karcinoma glave i vrata

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is the sixth most common malignancy. High morbidity and mortality, lack of response to radio-and chemotherapy and signifi cant reduction in the quality of life in patients after surgical procedures in the head and neck region stress the need for more eff ective methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease recurrence. In the past, pathologist only defined the diagnosis, today pathologist also determines the prognostic and predictive factors that are important in the treatment of patients. This places the pathologist in the core of in a multidisciplinary team for head and neck cancer and decision making.Karcinom pločastih stanica glave i vrata je na šestom mjestu zloćudnih tumora. Karakterizira ga visoka incidencija i visoka smrtnost, također ne pokazuje očekivani odgovor na zračenje i kemoterapiju, a vidljiva je značajno umanjena kvaliteta života u bolesnika nakon kirurškog liječenja. Sve to zahtjeva traženje mnogo učinkovitijih metoda u dijagnosticiu i liječenju kao i prevenciji bolesti. U prošlosti je patolog samo postavio dijagnozu, danas treba odrediti prognostičke i prediktivne čimbenike koji su važni za liječenje bolesnika. Patolog je postao jedna od ključnih osoba u multidisciplinarnom timu karcinoma glave

Uloga patologa u dijagnostici karcinoma jajnika

Ovarian cancer is the eighth most commonly diagnosed cancer among women in the world, accounting for nearly 4% of all female cancers, also represent the third leading gynecologic cancer, and mortality is high because women typically present with late stage disease. Cases of suspected and confi rmed advanced stage ovarian cancer should be discussed by multidisciplinary team whitin which the pathologist is a key member.Karcinoma jajnika je na osmom mjestu po učestalosti u žena u svijetu, čini gotovo 4% svih karcinoma u žena, također je na trećem mjestu unutar ginekoloških karcinoma a smrtnost je velika jer žene tipično dolaze u kasnom stadiju bolesti. Slučajevi sa suspektnim ili dokazanim uznapredovalim stadijem karcinoma jajnika moraju se raspraviti na multidisciplinarnom timu gdje je patolog ključan član tima

The pathologist – a key person in a multidisciplinary team of breast cancer

Diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer has progressed rapidly in recent 20 years. The diagnosis was first based on clinical appearance that changes after the introduction of mammography in the diagnosis. Development of radiological techniques has led to the detection of a small and non-palpable lesions, and surgeons are increasingly applied conserving procedures for breast cancer. Therefore, today is a very important multidisciplinary team in the treatment of patients with breast cancer. A pathologist is a key member of the multidisciplinary team because must determine the number of prognostic and predictive factors for patients with breast cancer which requires some standardized protocols and processing of tissue samples

Uloga patologa u dijagnostici karcinoma jajnika

Ovarian cancer is the eighth most commonly diagnosed cancer among women in the world, accounting for nearly 4% of all female cancers, also represent the third leading gynecologic cancer, and mortality is high because women typically present with late stage disease. Cases of suspected and confi rmed advanced stage ovarian cancer should be discussed by multidisciplinary team whitin which the pathologist is a key member.Karcinoma jajnika je na osmom mjestu po učestalosti u žena u svijetu, čini gotovo 4% svih karcinoma u žena, također je na trećem mjestu unutar ginekoloških karcinoma a smrtnost je velika jer žene tipično dolaze u kasnom stadiju bolesti. Slučajevi sa suspektnim ili dokazanim uznapredovalim stadijem karcinoma jajnika moraju se raspraviti na multidisciplinarnom timu gdje je patolog ključan član tima

Morphometry in Differential Diagnosis of Pathologically Altered Parathyroid Glands: Adenoma and Hyperplasia

Simple morphological identification of a sample as parathyroid gland tissue is not always sufficient for optimal patient treatment. Instead, patients with parathyroid gland lesions that increase the risk of disease relapse should be identified. To assess the possibility of differentiating adenoma from hyperplasia in preoperative material by use of computerized morphometric analysis in order to enable better preoperative work-up in patients with hyperparathyroidism. Samples obtained by US guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of 67 parathyroid glands without known histopathologic diagnosis were dried and stained by May-Grünwald-Giemsa. Fifty nuclei per sample were analyzed and designated automatically with manual correction using image analyzer and specific software. The area, circumference, convexity, minimal and maximal radius, length and width, and factors of regularity, i.e. form factor and factor of nucleus elongation, were determined for each nucleus. Basic descriptive parameters and measures of variability (variation coefficient and standard deviation) were calculated for each continuous variable. The correlation of continuous variables was analyzed by use of Mann-Whitney test. Computer analysis of cell image classified the cell nuclei into two groups. The area, circumference, minimal radius, convexity and width of the nuclei showed higher values in the hyperplasia group as compared with the adenoma group. Standard deviation also showed higher values of each of the study parameters in the former group. Our own observations and subjective assessment of variations in nucleus size to represent substantial characteristics differentiating parathyroid adenoma and hyperplasia in cytologic smear were quantitatively verified by the use of objective morphometric measurement and should therefore be considered valid parameters on differentiating these two entities