The use vacuum therapy in wound healing after fasciotomy in compartment syndrome — case report and literature review

Fasciotomy (opening of the fascial compartments) is one of the main and most effective methods used for emergency treatment of compartment syndrome. Post-fasciotomy wounds may be the cause of the patient’s prolonging hospitalization and may be a challenge in terms of their treatment. In order to avoid potential complications, the wound should be closed as quickly as possible — once the compartment’s pressure on the muscle has been relieved. A large size of the surgical wounds constitutes a significant care problem as it may substantially prolong their healing period and increase infection risk. The use of skin transplants may lead to complications and rigid scars both in the place of harvest and the post-fasciotomy wound; therefore immediate wound closure to allow healing by primary intention is a better option for the patient. This technique allows limiting complications and gives better aesthetic effects; however, it may often be difficult to apply due to the significant limb swelling and shrinking or necrosis of the wound edges. In this paper the authors present a case of a 58-year-old man after the open fasciotomy for whom Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) was applied as a method auxiliary to compartment syndrome treatment and shortening wound healing period. In the summary, the use of NPWT in facilitating the treatment of compartment syndrome and healing of fasciotomy wound was discussed briefly, based on the literature review

Overt Cleft Palate Phenotype and TBX1 Genotype Correlations in Velo-cardio-facial/DiGeorge/22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Patients

Velo-cardio-facial syndrome/DiGeorge syndrome, also known as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is the most common microdeletion syndrome, with an estimated incidence of 1/2,000 – 1/4,000 live births. Approximately 9–11% of patients with this disorder have an overt cleft palate (CP), but the genetic factors responsible for CP in the 22q11DS subset are unknown. The TBX1 gene, a member of the T-box transcription factor gene family, lies within the 22q11.2 region that is hemizygous in patients with 22q11DS. Inactivation of one allele of Tbx1 in the mouse does not result in CP, but inactivation of both alleles does. Based on these data, we hypothesized that DNA variants in the remaining allele of TBX1 may confer risk to CP in patients with 22q11DS. To test the hypothesis, we evaluated TBX1 exon sequencing (n = 360) and genotyping data (n = 737) with respect to presence (n = 54) or absence (n = 683) of CP in patients with 22q11DS. Two upstream SNPs (rs4819835 and rs5748410) showed individual evidence for association but they were not significant after correction for multiple testing. Associations were not identified between DNA variants and haplotypes in 22q11DS patients with CP. Overall, this study indicates that common DNA variants in TBX1 may be nominally causative for CP in patients with 22q11DS. This raises the possibility that genes elsewhere on the remaining allele of 22q11.2 or in the genome could be relevant

Genotype and Cardiovascular Phenotype Correlations With TBX1 in 1,022 Velo-Cardio-Facial/Digeorge/22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Patients

Haploinsufficiency of TBX1, encoding a T-box transcription factor, is largely responsible for the physical malformations in velo-cardio-facial /DiGeorge/22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) patients. Cardiovascular malformations in these patients are highly variable, raising the question as to whether DNA variations in the TBX1 locus on the remaining allele of 22q11.2 could be responsible. To test this, a large sample size is needed. The TBX1 gene was sequenced in 360 consecutive 22q11DS patients. Rare and common variations were identified. We did not detect enrichment in rare SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) number in those with or without a congenital heart defect. One exception was that there was increased number of very rare SNPs between those with normal heart anatomy compared to those with right-sided aortic arch or persistent truncus arteriosus, suggesting potentially protective roles in the SNPs for these phenotype-enrichment groups. Nine common SNPs (minor allele frequency, MAF \u3e 0.05) were chosen and used to genotype the entire cohort of 1,022 22q11DS subjects. We did not find a correlation between common SNPs or haplotypes and cardiovascular phenotype. This work demonstrates that common DNA variations in TBX1 do not explain variable cardiovascular expression in 22q11DS patients, implicating existence of modifiers in other genes on 22q11.2 or elsewhere in the genome

Syntéza a charakterizace Co5Cr2(P2O7)4 – Nový pyrofosfát jako barvící substance

A new pyrophosphate(V) of the formula Co5Cr2(P2O7)4 was obtained in the system Co2P2O7-Cr4(P2O7)3 as a result of solid-state reactions taking place between different reactants. The new compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic system and belongs to the family of pyrophosphates of the general formula M5(II+)M2(III+)(P2O7)4 and is probably isostructural with Fe5(II+)Fe2(III+)(P2O7)4. Powder diffraction pattern, infrared spectrum and SEM image of the new compound were presented. As a new potential inorganic pigment, Co5Cr2(P2O7)4 was tested for its thermal stability, particle size distribution and colour properties, which were studied both for powder and after introduction into organic matrix and leadless ceramic glaze. The colour of Co5Cr2(P2O7)4 powder was defined as deep grey with the colour coordinates L*/a*/b* = 60.63/-1.42/-3.41 and according to the hue angle (h degrees = 247.39°) it belongs to the blue region. Co5Cr2(P2O7)4, with its relatively high thermal stability (tm = 1230 +/- 10 °C) and appropriate colour properties, is a good candidate to be used as inorganic pigment for colouring of acrylic paints. In the case of leadless glaze, the obtained compound acts as a dye.Nový pyrofosfát (V) chemického složení Co5Cr2(P2O7)4 byl získán v systému Co2P2O7 – Cr4(P2O7)3 jako výsledek reakcí v pevné fázi probíhajících mezi různými reaktanty. Nová sloučenina krystalizuje v ortorombickém systému a patří do rodiny pyrofosfátů s obecným vzorcem M5(II+)M2(III+)(P2O7)4 a je pravděpodobně isostrukturální s Fe5(II+)Fe2(III+)(P2O7)4. Nová sloučenina je představena záznamem práškové difrakce, infračerveným spektrem a SEM obrazem. Co5Cr2(P2O7)4 jako potencionální anorganický pigment, byl testován z pohledu jeho tepelné stability, distribuce velikosti částic a barevných vlastností, které byly studovány jak pro prášek, tak po zavedení do organické matrice a bezolovnaté keramické glazury. Barva prášku Co5Cr2(P2O7)4 byla definována jako tmavě šedá s barevnými souřadnicemi L*/a*/b* = 60,63 / -1,42 / -3,41 a podle úhlu odstínu (h° = 247,39°) patří do modré oblasti. Co5Cr2(P2O7)4, s jeho relativně vysokou tepelnou stabilitou (tm = 1230 ± 10 °C) a vhodnými barevnými vlastnostmi, je dobrým kandidátem pro použití jako anorganický pigment pro vybarvování akrylových barev. V případě bezolovnaté glazury působí získaná sloučenina jako barvivo

Magnetic frustration in lyonsite-type vanadates in FeVO

Six phases crystallizing in the lyonsite-type structure were synthesized by solid-state reaction between nFeVO4 and (1–n)Co3V2O8, where n = 0.73, 0.7143, 0.6667, 0.5843, 0.57, and 0.56. DC magnetic susceptibility in high-temperature range (T  > 100 K) was found to follow the Curie–Weiss law with negative and large value of the Curie–Weiss temperature. The effective magnetic moments were slightly bigger than for high-spin Co2+ and Fe3+ ions. Spin-glass-like features observed in magnetic FC/ZFC susceptibilities at low temperatures (T  < 15 K) could be the result of a huge magnetocrystalline anisotropy of randomly oriented crystallites or magnetic nanoclusters in the powder samples, or they could be due to magnetic frustration arising from competition of ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) exchange interactions. The presence of FM component with a large coercive field and strong magnetic remanence in samples with large Co content was evidenced at low temperature. Weak and very broad electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra were analyzed by decomposition on Lorentzian components and were attributed to magnetic spin clusters or metallic precipitates not involved in bulk magnetism registered in magnetization measurements. In addition, for n = 0.7143, 0.6667 samples, the much narrower line was due to the V4+ magnetic defects connected with oxygen vacancies

Fundus autofluorescence findings in a mouse model of retinal detachment

PURPOSE: Fundus autofluorescence (fundus AF) changes were monitored in a mouse model of retinal detachment (RD). METHODS: RD was induced by transscleral injection of hyaluronic acid (Healon) or sterile balanced salt solution (BSS) into the subretinal space of 4-5-day-old albino Abca4 null mutant and Abca4 wild-type mice. Images acquired by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (Spectralis HRA) were correlated with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), infrared reflectance (IR), fluorescence spectroscopy, and histologic analysis. Results. In the area of detached retina, multiple hyperreflective spots in IR images corresponded to punctate areas of intense autofluorescence visible in fundus AF mode. The puncta exhibited changes in fluorescence intensity with time. SD-OCT disclosed undulations of the neural retina and hyperreflectivity of the photoreceptor layer that likely corresponded to histologically visible photoreceptor cell rosettes. Fluorescence emission spectra generated using flat-mounted retina, and 488 and 561 nm excitation, were similar to that of RPE lipofuscin. With increased excitation wavelength, the emission maximum shifted towards longer wavelengths, a characteristic typical of fundus autofluorescence. CONCLUSIONS: In detached retinas, hyper-autofluorescent spots appeared to originate from photoreceptor outer segments that were arranged within retinal folds and rosettes. Consistent with this interpretation is the finding that the autofluorescence was spectroscopically similar to the bisretinoids that constitute RPE lipofuscin. Under the conditions of a RD, abnormal autofluorescence may arise from excessive production of bisretinoid by impaired photoreceptor cell

Složky systému Co3Cr4 (PO4)6-Cr(PO3)3 a sloučenina CoCr2(P2O7)2 jako nový keramický pigment

The compounds: Co3Cr4(PO4)6, Cr(PO3)3 and CoCr2(P2O7)2 were tested for possible application as ceramics and anticorrosive pigments. They were characterized by SEM analysis, determination of particle size distribution and thermal stability. All phosphates were thermally stable up to 1100 °C so they can be used for colouring of middle-temperature ceramic glazes. The gravimetrical determination of corrosive loss of steel sheets and other corrosion factors characterizing the resistance to corrosion in an aqueous environment of the phosphates were discussed. The colour properties of the compounds were studied for powders and pigments introduced into organic matrix and several single-firing ceramic glazes. It is shown that the investigated phosphates can be used as ceramic pigments only for leadless single-firing ceramic glaze. The optimum pigment concentration sufficient for colouring glaze was close to 2 wt %. Generally, the examined phosphates have interesting green, greenish-blue and cyan shades.Sloučeniny: Co3Cr4(PO4)6, Cr(PO3)3 a CoCr2(P2O7)2 byly testovány pro možné aplikační účely jako keramické a antikorozní pigmenty. Byly charakterizovány analýzou SEM, stanovením distribuce velikosti částic a termické stability. Všechny fosfáty byly termicky stabilní až do 1100 °C, takže je lze použít pro barvení středně teplotních keramických glazur. Diskutovány byly: gravimetrická stanovení korozních úbytků ocelových plechů a dalších korozních faktorů charakterizujících odolnost fosfátů proti korozi ve vodném prostředí. Barevné vlastnosti sloučenin byly studovány pro prášky a pigmenty dispergované do organické matrice a několik jedno-výpalových keramických glazur. Ukázalo se, že zkoumané fosfáty lze použít jako keramické pigmenty pouze pro bezolovnatou jedno-výpalovou keramickou glazuru. Optimální koncentrace pigmentu dostatečná pro zbarvení glazury byla téměř 2 hm. %. Zkoušené fosfáty mají obecně zajímavé zelené, zelenkavě modré a azurové odstíny

Fundus Autofluorescence Findings in a Mouse Model of Retinal Detachment

PURPOSE. Fundus autofluorescence (fundus AF) changes were monitored in a mouse model of retinal detachment (RD). METHODS. RD was induced by transscleral injection of hyaluronic acid (Healon) or sterile balanced salt solution (BSS) into the subretinal space of 4-5-day-old albino Abca4 null mutant and Abca4 wild-type mice. Images acquired by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (Spectralis HRA) were correlated with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), infrared reflectance (IR), fluorescence spectroscopy, and histologic analysis. RESULTS. In the area of detached retina, multiple hyperreflective spots in IR images corresponded to punctate areas of intense autofluorescence visible in fundus AF mode. The puncta exhibited changes in fluorescence intensity with time. SD-OCT disclosed undulations of the neural retina and hyperreflectivity of the photoreceptor layer that likely corresponded to histologically visible photoreceptor cell rosettes. Fluorescence emission spectra generated using flat-mounted retina, and 488 and 561 nm excitation, were similar to that of RPE lipofuscin. With increased excitation wavelength, the emission maximum shifted towards longer wavelengths, a characteristic typical of fundus autofluorescence. CONCLUSIONS. In detached retinas, hyper-autofluorescent spots appeared to originate from photoreceptor outer segments that were arranged within retinal folds and rosettes. Consistent with this interpretation is the finding that the autofluorescence was spectroscopically similar to the bisretinoids that constitute RPE lipofuscin. Under the conditions of a RD, abnormal autofluorescence may arise from excessive production of bisretinoid by impaired photoreceptor cells. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012;53:5190-5197) DOI:10.1167/iovs.12-9672 R etinal detachment (RD) results in the loss of apposition between the neural retina and the underlying RPE cell layer. Previous studies in human and animal retinas have demonstrated that RD induces a complex cascade of events leading to photoreceptor cell degeneration, and RD-associated vision loss. 1 Animal models of RD have been studied previously by funduscopy, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and histologic analyses. 2-4 Using these modalities, studies have documented various structural changes within detached retina, including abnormalities of photoreceptor outer segments (OS) and thinning of the outer nuclear layer (ONL). 8 Elevated fundus autofluorescence, caused by abnormal accumulations of RPE bisretinoids often are noticed in retinal disorders, such as recessive Stargardt disease, 9 dominant Stargardt-like macular degeneration, 10 and in Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. 11 Factors that can contribute to fundus hyperfluorescence in other forms of retinal degenerations, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP), also have been studied. 18 Our current study was done to examine fundus autofluorescence changes in a mouse model of RD. To this end, we acquired fundus AF images using a confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (Spectralis HRA; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) equipped with an internal AF reference. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals Albino Abca4/Abcr null mutant mice and albino Abca4 wild-type mice, both homozygous for Rpe65-Leu450 (female and male) were generated and genotyped

Addition of γ-silyloxyallyltins on ethyl glyoxylate: evaluation of the influence of the experimental conditions on the stereochemical course of the reaction

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